| English Name | Botanical Name | More Info |
|---|---|---|
| Thorn apple | Datura stramonium | |
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Synonyms: D. inermis Juss. ex Jacq., D. stramonium var. chalybea W. D. J. Koch, D. stramonium var. tatula (L.) Torr., D. tatula L. Actions: Analgesic (1; CRC; JFM; ZUL); Anesthetic (1; CRC; VAG); Antiasthmatic (f; CRC); Anticholinergic (1; CRC; PH2; ZUL); Anticholinesterase (1; WBB); Antihistaminic (1; ZUL); Antiinflammatory (1; ZUL); Antiparkinsonian (f; CRC); Antiseptic (1; ZUL); Antisialagogue (1; CRC; TRA; VAG); Antispasmodic (1; JFM; TRA; ZUL); Aphrodisiac (f; VAG);Bronchoconstrictor (1; TRA); CNS-Sedative (1; TRA; VAG); CNS-Stimulant (1; TRA; VAG); Fungicide (1; ZUL); Hallucinogen (1; JFM; PH2; VAG); Hypnotic (f; HHB; ZUL); Lactifuge (f; ZUL); Mydriatic (f; CRC); Narcotic (1; CRC; ZUL); Nervine (f; HHB); Parasympatholytic (1; PH2; TRA); Poison (1; CRC); Sedative (1; ZUL). Indications: Abscess (1; CRC; WBB); Acidity (f; WBB); Adenopathy (f; WBB); Alopecia (f; CRC; WBB); Anasarca (f; CRC); Aphasia (f; CRC); Apoplexy (f; CRC); Arthrosis (1; HHB; WBB); Asthma (f; CRC; TRA; WBB; ZUL); Ataxia (f; CRC); Boil (f; DEM; WBB; ZUL); Bronchosis (1; CRC; TRA; WBB); Bruise (f; WBB; ZUL); Burn (1; CRC; WBB); Cancer (f; CRC); Cancer, breast (f; CRC; JLH); Carcinoma (f; JLH); Cardiopathy (f; HHB); Catalepsy (f; CRC); Catarrh (f; PH2); Childbirth (1; CRC; JFM); Chorea (f; CRC); Colic (f; WBB; ZIM); Convulsion (f; PHR; PH2; WBB); Cough (f; HHB; PHR; ZIM); Cramp (1; CRC; JFM; TRA; WBB; ZUL); Cystosis (f; CRC; WBB); Dandruff (f; WBB); Delirium (f; CRC; WBB); Dermatosis (f; CRC); Diaphragmosis (f; CRC); Diarrhea (f; WBB); Dyspnea (1; PH2; TRA); Dysuria (f; CRC; ZIM); Earache (f; CRC); Ecstacy (f; CRC); Emphysema (1; HHB); Enuresis (f; CRC); Epilepsy (f; CRC; HHB; PH2; WBB); Erotomania (f; CRC); Esophagosis (f; CRC); Felon (f; JLH); Fever (f; DEM); Fistula (f; CRC); Fits (f; WBB; ZUL); Flu (f; PHR; PH2); Fracture (f; VAG); Fungus (1; ZUL); Gas (f; CRC); Goiter (f; ZIM); Gout (1; WBB); Headache (1; VAG; WBB; ZUL); Heatstroke (f; CRC); Hemorrhoid (f; DEM; JFM; WBB); Hiccup (f; CRC); Hydrophobia (f; CRC); Hyperacidity (f; CRC); Hysteria (f; CRC; VAG; ZUL); Induration (f; CRC; JLH); Infection (1; VAG; ZUL); Inflammation (1; DEM; WBB; ZUL); Influenza (f; CRC); Insomnia (1; VAG; ZUL); Laryngosis (f; HHB); Lochia (f; CRC); Locomotor Ataxia (f; CRC); Lumbago (f; WBB); Madness (f; LEL); Mania (f; CRC; LEL); Melancholy (f; LEL); Meningosis (f; CRC); Motion Sickness (1; VAG); Mycosis (1; ZUL); Nervousness (1; ZUL); Neuralgia (f; CRC; JFM; WBB); Night Sweats (f; CRC); Nymphomania (f; CRC; HHB); Ophthalmia (f; CRC); Otosis (1; ZUL); Pain (1; CRC; JFM; PH2; VAG; WBB; ZUL); Paralysis (f; CRC); Parasite (f; WBB); Parkinson’s Disease (1; CRC; HHB; WBB); Pertussis (f; PHR); Phthisis (f; HHB); Pneumonia (f; DEM); Prolapse (f; CRC; JFM); Psychosis (f; CRC); Radiculosis (f; CRC); Respirosis (f; ZUL); Rheumatism (1; CRC; JFM; PH2; WBB); Scarlatina (f; CRC); Sciatica (f; WBB); Scirrhus (f; JLH); Scrofula (f; ZUL); Sore (f; WBB; ZUL); Sore Throat (f; CRC; DEM; JFM); Spasm (f; CRC); Sprain (f; VAG); Stammering (f; CRC); Stenocardia (f; CRC); Strabismus (f; CRC); Swelling (f; CRC; ZUL); Syphilis (f; HHB); Tetanus (f; CRC; HHB); Thirst (f; CRC); Tremor (f; CRC); Trismus (f; CRC); Tuberculosis (f; HHB); Tumor (1; JFM); Typhus (1; CRC; ZUL); Ulcer (1; JFM); Uterosis (f; JFM); VD (f; HHB; ZIM); Wart (f; JLH); Whitlow (f; ZUL); Wound (f; DEM; WBB; ZUL). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). Do not take it (JAD). Commission E reports leaf and seed not permitted for oral use. Contains toxic belladonna alkaloids (AEH). Contraindicated in acute pulmonary edema, glaucoma, paralytic ileus, prostatosis, pyloric stenosis, and tachycardic arrhythmia (PHR). High doses lead to central excitation, compulsive chatter, delirium, hallucination, mania, and restlessness, often followed by exhaustion and lethargy, and/or sleep (CRC; PH2). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). Do not take it (JAD). Commission E reports leaf and seed not permitted for oral use. Contains toxic belladonna alkaloids (AEH). Contraindicated in acute pulmonary edema, glaucoma, paralytic ileus, prostatosis, pyloric stenosis, and tachycardic arrhythmia (PHR). High doses lead to central excitation, compulsive chatter, delirium, hallucination, mania, and restlessness, often followed by exhaustion and lethargy, and/or sleep (CRC; PH2). |
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| JOHN CHARLES | Hyptis verticillata | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Antibacterial (1; MPG); Anticancer (1; AAB); Antidote, hippomane (f; AAB); Antifertility (1; X7576456); Antileukemic (1; AAB); Antiprostaglandin (1; X7617764); Antisecretory (1; X7617764); Antiseptic (1; MPG); Aphrodisiac (f; JFM; MPG); Astringent (f; JFM); Candidicide (1; MPG); Cytotoxic (1; AAB); Laxative (f; JFM); Molluscicide (1; AAB); Pediculifuge (1; MPG); Secretagogue (f; JFM). Indications: Arthrosis (f; MPG); Asthma (f; AAB); Backache (f; MPG); Bacteria (1; MPG); Bleeding (f; MPG); Bone Ache (f; MPG); Bronchosis (f; AAB); Cancer (1; AAB; MPG); Candida (1; MPG); Childbirth (f; AAB); Cold (f; AAB; JFM); Colic (f; JFM; MPG); Constipation (f; JFM); Cough (f; AAB); Dandruff (f; IED); Dermatosis (f; AAB; IED); Dyspepsia (1; JFM; MPG; TRA); Epilepsy (f; IED); Fever (f; AAB; MPG); Fibroid (f; AAB); Fungus (f; IED); Gastrosis (f; AAB; MPG); Headache (f; MPG); Herpes (f; MPG); High Blood Pressure (f; IED); Infection (1; X7617764); Infertility (f; IED); Itch (f; IED; JFM); Leukemia (1; AAB; MPG); Malaise (f; AAB); Mucososis (f; AAB); Mycosis (f; IED); Pain (f; IED; MPG); Pulmonosis (f; IED); Rash (f; IED); Respirosis (f; IED); Rheumatism (f; IED; JFM); Scabies (f; IED); Sore (f; IED); Staphylococcus (1; MPG); Sting (f; JFM); Stomachache (1; JFM; MPG; TRA); Tonsilosis (f; AAB); Toothache (f; MPG); Uterosis (f; AAB); Virus (f; MPG); Wound (f; JFM; MPG); Yeast (1; MPG). Dosage: Contraindications: |
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| JOJOBA | Simmondsia chinensis | |
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Synonyms: Buxus chinensis Link., Simmondsia californica Nutt. Actions: Antifeedant (1; CRC); Antiobesity (1; FNF); Antioxidant (1; PH2); Cosmetic (1; PHR); Emetic (f; CRC); Laxative (f; DEM); Vulnerary (f; HH2). Indications: Acne (f; HH2); Alopecia (f; CRC); Cancer (f; CRC); Childbirth (f; CRC); Cold (f; CRC); Constipation (f; DEM); Dermatosis (f; PH2); Dysuria (f; CRC); Nephrosis (f; CRC); Obesity (1; ABS; CRC; FNF); Ophthalmia (f; CRC); Poison Ivy (f; CRC); Psoriasis (f; HH2); Sore (f; CRC; DEM); Sore Throat (f; CRC); Wart (f; CRC); Wound (f; HH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). None known at proper dose (PHR). Wax is unsuitable for internal use (PH2).“Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). None known at proper dose (PHR). Wax is unsuitable for internal use (PH2).“Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). |
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| JUJUBE, COMMON JUJUBE, CHINESE DATE | Ziziphus jujuba | |
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Synonyms: Rhamnus zizyphus L., Ziziphus sativa Gaertn., Z. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex F. H. Chen, Z. vulgaris Lam., Z. vulgaris var. spinosa Bunge, Z. zizyphus (L.) Meikle. Actions: Analgesic (1; APA; DAA; EFS; LAF); Antiaggregant (1; LAF); Antiallergic (1; FAY; PHR; PH2); Antianaphylactic (1; PNC); Antiarrhythmic (1; LAF); Antibacterial (1; APA; LAF); Anticariogenic (1; APA; LAF); Anticonvulsant (f; KEB); Antiedemic (1; APA; LAF); Antihydrotic (f; KEB); Antiinflammatory (1; APA; LAF); Antiperspirant (f; LAF); Antipyretic (1; FAY; LAF); Antispasmodic (1; LAF); Antitumor (1; PNC); Antitussive (f; PNC); Antiulcer (1; FAY; PH2); Antiwrinkle (f; LAF); Anxiolytic (1; X10996283); Astringent (f; EFS); cAMP-Genic (1; PNC); Collyrium (f; DAA); Deodorant (1; LAF); Depurative (f; APA; EFS; LAF); Diuretic (f; FAY); Emmenagogue (1; KEB; LAF); Emollient (f; EFS; PH2; PNC); Expectorant (f; HHB); Gastrotonic (f; FAY); Hemostat (f; HHB); Hepatoprotective (1; LAF; PH2); Hypnotic (1; DAA; LAF); Hypoglycemic (1; APA); Hypotensive (1; APA; DAA; KEB; PHR; PNC); Immunostimulant (1; LAF); Laxative (f; EFS; FAY); Lipolytic (1; LAF); Myocardioprotective (1; LAF); Narcotic (f; DAA); Pectoral (f; EFS; FAY); Propecic (f; DAA); Radioprotective (1; LAF); Secretagogue (f; LAF); Sedative (1; ABS; APA; DAA; FAY; KEB; LAF; PH2; PNC); Sialagogue (f; LAF); Splenotonic (f; FAY); Stomachic (f; DAA; EFS); Tonic (f; DAA; FAY; LAF; PH2); Tranquilizer (f; DAA; LAF); Ulcer (1; FAY; PH2); Uterotonic (1; DAA; LAF). Indications: Acne (f; LAF); Allergy (1; FAY; PHR; PH2); Alopecia (f; DAA); Altitude Sickness (1; KEB); Amnesia (f; DAA); Anaphylaxis (1; PNC); Anemia (f; APA; LAF); Anorexia (f; APA; LAF); Anxiety (1; FAY; KEB; X10996283); Apoplexy (f; FAY); Apprehension (f; DAA); Arrhythmia (1; LAF); Arthrosis (f; DAA); Asthma (f; APA; LAF); Bacteria (1; APA; LAF); Bleeding (f; HHB); Burn (f; DAA; KEB); Cancer (1; DAA; PNC); Caries (1; APA; LAF); Childbirth (f; WOI); Colic (f; WOI); Conjunctivosis (f; APA; LAF); Constipation (f; EFS; FAY); Convulsion (f; KEB); Cramp (1; LAF); Debility (f; DAA; FAY); Dermatosis (1; APA); Diabetes (1; APA); Diarrhea (f; APA; LAF); Dyspepsia (f; DAA); Edema (1; LAF); Emaciation (f; HHB); Epihydrosis (f; DAA); Fatigue (f; APA; LAF); Fever (1; APA; FAY; LAF); Food Poisoning (1; APA); Forgetfulness (f; LAF); Hepatosis (f; PHR; PH2); High Blood Pressure (1; APA; DAA; KEB; LAF; PHR; PNC); Hives (f; FAY); Hysteria (f; LAF); Immunodepression (1; LAF); Infection (1; APA); Inflammation (1; APA; LAF); Insomnia (1; ABS; APA; DAA; FAY; HHB; KEB; LAF; PH2; PNC; WOI); Irritability (f; KEB); Itch (f; APA); Nausea (f; WOI); Nephrosis (f; DAA); Nervousness (1; ABS; APA; DAA; FAY; KEB; LAF; PH2; PNC); Neurasthenia (1; APA; DAA; LAF); Neurosis (f; DAA); Night Sweats (f; FAY); Ophthalmia (f; DAA); Pain (1; APA; DAA; EFS; LAF; WOI); Palpitation (f; DAA; FAY; KEB); Purpura (f; FAY; LAF); Respirosis (f; HHB); Rheumatism (f; DAA); Scabies (f; WOI); Sore (f; APA; FAY); Splenosis (f; DAA; LAF); Stress (f; FAY; PH2); Sunburn (f; APA); Swelling (1; APA; LAF); Tumor (1; PNC); Ulcer (f; FAY; PHR; PH2); Vertigo (f; DAA); Vomiting (f; WOI); Water Retention (f; FAY); Wound (f; APA; LAF); Wrinkle (f; APA; LAF). Dosage: Class 1, 2b. Emmenagogue and uterotonic (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). No significant toxic effects (LAF). Not covered (KOM). Contraindications: Class 1, 2b. Emmenagogue and uterotonic (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). No significant toxic effects (LAF). Not covered (KOM). |
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| JUNIPER | Juniperus communis | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Alexeteric (f; KAB); Allergenic (f; APA); Analgesic (1; APA; DEM; JBU); Antibacterial (f; PED); Antiedemic (1; BGB; CAN); Antiexudative (1; PH2); Antiherpetic (1; BGB; CAN; FNF); Antiinflammatory (1; APA; BGB; PNC); Antimalarial (1; FNF); Antipyretic (f; KAB); Antirheumatic (1; BGB; PED); Antiseptic (1; APA; FAD; KAP; MAD; PNC); Antispasmodic (f; APA); Antiviral (1; BGB; FNF); Aperitif (1; BGB; KAB); Aphrodisiac (1; KAB; MAD); Aquaretic (1; BGB); Bitter (1; APA); Candidicide (1; FNF; PED); Carminative (1; FAD; KAB; LAF; PNC; SUW); Collyrium (f; DEM); Decongestant (f; APA); Deobstruent (f; CRC); Depurative (f; CRC; MAD; PED); Diaphoretic (f; CEB; CRC); Digestive (1; CRC; KAP; LAF; SKY); Diuretic (1; APA; FAD; FEL; KAB; PH2; SUW); Emmenagogue (f; CRC; KAB; SUW); Expectorant (f; MAD); Fungicide (1; BGB; CAN; KAP); Hemostat (f; KAB); Hypertensive (1; CAN); Hypoglycemic (1; APA; CAN); Hypotensive (1; CAN; PH2); Laxative (f; CEB; DEM; FAD); Myocontractant (1; KOM); Nephrotoxic (f; APA); Priapistic (f; MAD); Sedative (f; CEB; DEM); Sialagogue (1; APA); Stimulant (f; CEB; CRC; KAB; SUW); Stomachic (1; APA; BGB; SUW); Tonic (f; APA; KAB; MIC); Urinary Antiseptic (1; FAD); Uterotonic (f; RIN). Indications: Ache (f; FAD); Amenorrhea (f; MAD); Anasarca (f; DEP); Anorexia (2; BGB; KAB; PH2); Atherosclerosis (f; CRC; PH2); Arthrosis (1; APA; CAN; CRC); Ascites (1; FEL); Asthma (f; DEM); Backache (f; DEM); Bacteria (f; PED); Bite (f; CRC; MAD); Bleeding (f; KAB); Blennorrhea (f; CRC); BPH (1; PED); Bright’s Disease (f; DEP); Bronchosis (f; APA; CRC; FAD; KAB); Burn (f; MIC); Calculus (f; CRC); Cancer (1; CRC; FAD); Cancer, kidney (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, leg (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, liver (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, spleen (1; FNF; JLH); Candida (1; FNF; PED); Cardiopathy (1; APA); Catarrh (f; MAD); Chest (f; DEM); Childbirth (f; CEB; DEM); Chlorosis (f; MAD); Cholecystosis (f; CRC); Cold (f; APA; FAD); Colic (f; CAN; CRC); Condyloma (1; FNF); Congestion (f; APA); Constipation (f; CEB; DEM; FAD; KAB); Cough (f; DEM; FAD; MAD); Cramp (f; APA); Cystosis (1; APA; CAN; CEB; FAD; FEL); Dermatosis (f; CRC; FEL; SUW); Diabetes (1; APA; MAD; PHR); Diarrhea (f; DEM); Dropsy (f; CEB; CRC; FEL; KAB; MAD); Dysentery (f; CRC); Dysmenorrhea (f;APA; MAD; PH2); Dyspepsia (1; APA; BGB; KAB; KOM; PH2); Dyspnea (f; CRC; DEM); Dysuria (f; CEB; MIC); Edema (1; FNF); Encephalosis (f; KAB); Enterosis (f; CEB; CRC; FAD; KAB); Enuresis (f; MAD); Epilepsy (f; CEB); Eructation (f; PHR); Fever (f; CEB; CRC; DEM; KAB; MAD); Fistula (f; MAD); Flu (f; DEM; MIC); Fungus (1; BGB; CAN; KAP; MPI); Gallstone (f; MAD); Gas (1; APA; BGB; CAN; CEB; FAD; KAB; LAF; MAD; PNC; SUW); Gastrosis (f; CRC; MIC); Gleet (f; CRC; FEL; KAP); Gonorrhea (f; CRC; FEL; KAP); Gout (1; APA; PH2); Gravel (f; CRC; MAD); Halitosis (1; PH2); Heart (f; DEM); Heartburn (1; APA; DEM; PHR); Hemicrania (f; KAB); Hepatosis (f; CEB; JLH; KAB); Herpes (1; BGB; CAN; FNF; MAD); High Blood Pressure (1; CAN; DEM; PHR; PH2); Hydrocele (f; KAB); Hysteria (f; CRC); Induration (f; CRC; JLH); Infection (1; APA; BGB; CAN; KAP); Inflammation (1; APA; BGB; PH2; PNC); Insomnia (f; CEB; DEM); Jaundice (f; MAD); Kidney Stone (f; MAD); Leukorrhea (f; CRC; DEP; FEL; KAP); Low Blood Presssure (1; CAN); Lumbago (f; CRC); Malaria (1; ABS; FNF; MAD); Mange (1; MPI); Myalgia (f; CAN; DEM); Mycosis (1; BGB; CAN; KAP; MPI); Nephrosis (f; BGB; CRC; FEL; MIC); Nervousness (f; CEB; DEM); Neuralgia (f; APA); Neurasthenia (f; APA); Neurosis (f; APA); Odontosis (f; CEB); Ophthalmia (f; DEM); Otosis (f; KAB); Pain (1; APA; DEM; JBU; KAB; PH2); Palsy (f; CEB); Polyp (f; CRC; JLH); Psoriasis (f; PED); Pulmonosis (f; CRC; MAD); Pyelosis (f; CRC; FEL); Rheumatism (1; BGB; FAD; CAN; CRC; KAP; MAD; PED; PH2); Rhinosis (f; CRC); Scabies (f; MAD); Scrofula (f; CRC); Snakebite (f; CRC; FAD); Sore (f; CEB; FAD; MIC); Sore Throat (f; CEB; DEM); Splenosis (f; CEB; JLH; KAB); Sprain (f; MIC); Stomachache (f; APA; DEM; FAD); Stone (2; PHR); Strangury (f; KAB); Swelling (1; BGB; CAN; CRC; KAP; MAD); Tenesmus (f; CRC); Tonsilosis (f; DEM); Toothache (f; CEB; KAB); Tuberculosis (f; CEB; CRC); Tumor (1; CRC; FNF); Urogenitosis (f; CRC); Ulcer (f; CEB; DEM); Urethrosis (f; CEB); UTI (2; FAD; PHR; SKY); Uterosis (f; CEB; MAD); Vaginosis (f; KAB); VD (f; CRC); Virus (1; BGB; FNF; PH2); Wart (1; CRC; FNF); Water Retention (1; APA; FAD; FEL; KAB; MAD; PH2; SUW); Worm (f; APA); Wound (f; DEM; MIC); Yeast (1; FNF; PED). Dosage: Class 2b, 2d. Contraindicated in nephrosis and pregnancy (CAN). Not for continuous use beyond 4–6 weeks (AHP). Berry permitted for oral use. Commission E reports contraindications: pregnancy, nephrosis; adverse effects: prolonged use or overdosing may lead to renal damage. Other sources report contraindication: pyelitis (AEH). CAN caution that the volatile oil can be abortifacient and irritant. Because it is reputed to be abortifacient and to affect the menstrual cycle, and because there is confusion of whether the oil is toxic, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. “Excessive doses of terpinen-4-ol may irritate the kidneys. External application of EO can cause burning, edema, erythema, and inflammation with blisters†(CAN). Long-term use can cause hypocalemia. May also potentiate diuretics and hypglycemics (CAN). Overdose can cause hematuria, priapism, strangury, and uremic convulsions (MAD). “Canadian regulations do not allow juniper as a non-medicinal ingredient for oral use products†(Michols, 1995). “Herbs with diuretic properties, such as juniper and dandelion, can cause elevations in blood levels of lithium†(D’epiro, 1997). As an occasional gin imbiber, I found the following of interest, “Normally avoided during pregnancy, mainly because of the notorious reputation of gin, of which juniper is the main flavor ingredient†(PNC). Tisserand (1995), after reviewing the literature, claims to debunk the many authors (including Duke, 1985), cautioning about abortifacient activity of juniper oil. He speculates that they are clouded by the sabine juniper, which apparently does have abortifacient activities. He found few references indicating abortifacient activity for juniper oil, and the references suggested that ethanolic and acetone extracts of juniper berries have antifertility activity in rats. “It seems inconceivable that the juniper oil could be responsible for the reproductive toxicity noted above. There is no reason to regard juniper oil as being hazardous in any way†(Tisserand, R., 1995). New perspectives on EO safety. (pp. 16–35 in IJA, 1995. Aroma’95 - One body - one mind. July 14th-16th, 1995 Conference Proceedings. Aromatherapy Publications, P.O. Box 746. Hove, E. Sussex, BN3 3XA England. 157 pages.) Extracts (Juniper) — EO antiseptic, diuretic, irritant, uterotonic (CAN). Aqueous extract hypoglycemic. Extracts at first hypertensive, then hypotensive in rats (25 mg/kg ivn). Extracts abortifacient, antifertility, antiimplantation. Extracts and lignans potent antiherpetics. Berry extracts antiinflammatory (>indomethacin). The oil inhibited rat paw edema 60%, while indomethacin inhibited 45%. LD50 = 3000 mg/kg ipr mouse, LD50 = >3000 mg/kg orl rat (CAN). Phillipson et al. (1995) studied antimalarial activity of the important antitumor compound, podophyllotoxin, which occurs in junipers, mayapples, chervils, and perennial flaxes in the temperate zone, in Hernandia and Hyptis in the tropics. Podophyllotoxin is active against Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 = 10.3 μg/ml), slightly more active than the synthetic derivative etoposide (14.8 μg/ml) and much more active than teniposide (inactive at >500 μg/ml) (Phillipson et al., 1995). This lends even more credence to my favorite antimalarial tonic, gin and tonic with sweet annie, (which see) with juniper’s antimalarial podophyllotoxins, tonic’s quinine alkaloids, and sweet annie’s artemisinin, and six other antiplamodial compounds, artemin, casticin, chrysosphlenetin, chrysosplenol-D, cirsilineol, and eupatorin, all proven synergisitc with artemisinin. Contraindications: Class 2b, 2d. Contraindicated in nephrosis and pregnancy (CAN). Not for continuous use beyond 4–6 weeks (AHP). Berry permitted for oral use. Commission E reports contraindications: pregnancy, nephrosis; adverse effects: prolonged use or overdosing may lead to renal damage. Other sources report contraindication: pyelitis (AEH). CAN caution that the volatile oil can be abortifacient and irritant. Because it is reputed to be abortifacient and to affect the menstrual cycle, and because there is confusion of whether the oil is toxic, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. “Excessive doses of terpinen-4-ol may irritate the kidneys. External application of EO can cause burning, edema, erythema, and inflammation with blisters†(CAN). Long-term use can cause hypocalemia. May also potentiate diuretics and hypglycemics (CAN). Overdose can cause hematuria, priapism, strangury, and uremic convulsions (MAD). “Canadian regulations do not allow juniper as a non-medicinal ingredient for oral use products†(Michols, 1995). “Herbs with diuretic properties, such as juniper and dandelion, can cause elevations in blood levels of lithium†(D’epiro, 1997). As an occasional gin imbiber, I found the following of interest, “Normally avoided during pregnancy, mainly because of the notorious reputation of gin, of which juniper is the main flavor ingredient†(PNC). Tisserand (1995), after reviewing the literature, claims to debunk the many authors (including Duke, 1985), cautioning about abortifacient activity of juniper oil. He speculates that they are clouded by the sabine juniper, which apparently does have abortifacient activities. He found few references indicating abortifacient activity for juniper oil, and the references suggested that ethanolic and acetone extracts of juniper berries have antifertility activity in rats. “It seems inconceivable that the juniper oil could be responsible for the reproductive toxicity noted above. There is no reason to regard juniper oil as being hazardous in any way†(Tisserand, R., 1995). New perspectives on EO safety. (pp. 16–35 in IJA, 1995. Aroma’95 - One body - one mind. July 14th-16th, 1995 Conference Proceedings. Aromatherapy Publications, P.O. Box 746. Hove, E. Sussex, BN3 3XA England. 157 pages.) Extracts (Juniper) — EO antiseptic, diuretic, irritant, uterotonic (CAN). Aqueous extract hypoglycemic. Extracts at first hypertensive, then hypotensive in rats (25 mg/kg ivn). Extracts abortifacient, antifertility, antiimplantation. Extracts and lignans potent antiherpetics. Berry extracts antiinflammatory (>indomethacin). The oil inhibited rat paw edema 60%, while indomethacin inhibited 45%. LD50 = 3000 mg/kg ipr mouse, LD50 = >3000 mg/kg orl rat (CAN). Phillipson et al. (1995) studied antimalarial activity of the important antitumor compound, podophyllotoxin, which occurs in junipers, mayapples, chervils, and perennial flaxes in the temperate zone, in Hernandia and Hyptis in the tropics. Podophyllotoxin is active against Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 = 10.3 μg/ml), slightly more active than the synthetic derivative etoposide (14.8 μg/ml) and much more active than teniposide (inactive at >500 μg/ml) (Phillipson et al., 1995). This lends even more credence to my favorite antimalarial tonic, gin and tonic with sweet annie, (which see) with juniper’s antimalarial podophyllotoxins, tonic’s quinine alkaloids, and sweet annie’s artemisinin, and six other antiplamodial compounds, artemin, casticin, chrysosphlenetin, chrysosplenol-D, cirsilineol, and eupatorin, all proven synergisitc with artemisinin. |
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| JUREMA | Mimosa hostilis | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Astringent (1; CRC); Hallucinogen (1; CRC); Narcotic (1; CRC); Uterotonic (f; CRC). Indications: Dosage: Contraindications: |
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| JUTE (leaves only) | Corchorus olitorius | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Analgesic (f; KAB); Antioxidant (ABS; FNF); Antipyretic (f; KAB); Aperitif (f; KAB); Astringent (f; KAB); Cardiotonic (1; WBB; WOI; ZUL); Demulcent (f; KAB); Diuretic (f; KAB; SKJ); Hypocholesterolemic (1; ABS); Hypoglycemic (1; ZUL; WBB); Lactagogue (f; HHB; WBB); Laxative (f; HHB; WBB); Tonic (f; KAB; SKJ; WBB). Indications: Anorexia (f; KAB); Ascites (f; KAB); Cancer (f; JLH); Chest Ache (f; HHB); Constipation (f; HHB; WBB); Cystosis (f; KAB; SKJ); Dysuria (f; SKJ); Enterosis (f; WBB); Fever (f; KAB); Gonorrhea (f; KAB; SKJ); Hemorrhoid (f; KAB); Hepatosis (f; HHB); High Cholesterol (1; ABS); Kernel (f; JLH); Pain (f; HHB; KAB); Pulmonosis (f; WBB); Swelling (f; JLH); Tumor (f; KAB); Water Retention (f; KAB; SKJ); Wen (f; JLH). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PH2). Leaves edible. Large doses (drenches) of 100–500 mg/kg powdered seeds killed pigs, following symptoms of anorexia, dysentery, and vomiting. So keep seed out of your mallow greens (Austral. Vet. J. 58(6):264–5). Extracts (Jute) — Ethanolic extracts of seeds, roots, stems, and leaves were colorimetrically estimated to contain 4120, 110, 230, and 20 ppm cardiac glycosides, respectively. Chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, quercetin 3-galactoside, quercetin 3-glucoside, quercetin-3-(6-malonylglucoside), and quercetin 3-(6-malonylgalactoside) reported from the edible foliage (ABS). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PH2). Leaves edible. Large doses (drenches) of 100–500 mg/kg powdered seeds killed pigs, following symptoms of anorexia, dysentery, and vomiting. So keep seed out of your mallow greens (Austral. Vet. J. 58(6):264–5). Extracts (Jute) — Ethanolic extracts of seeds, roots, stems, and leaves were colorimetrically estimated to contain 4120, 110, 230, and 20 ppm cardiac glycosides, respectively. Chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, quercetin 3-galactoside, quercetin 3-glucoside, quercetin-3-(6-malonylglucoside), and quercetin 3-(6-malonylgalactoside) reported from the edible foliage (ABS). |
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| JUTE (leaves only) | Corchorus olitorius | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Analgesic (f; KAB); Antioxidant (ABS; FNF); Antipyretic (f; KAB); Aperitif (f; KAB); Astringent (f; KAB); Cardiotonic (1; WBB; WOI; ZUL); Demulcent (f; KAB); Diuretic (f; KAB; SKJ); Hypocholesterolemic (1; ABS); Hypoglycemic (1; ZUL; WBB); Lactagogue (f; HHB; WBB); Laxative (f; HHB; WBB); Tonic (f; KAB; SKJ; WBB). Indications: Anorexia (f; KAB); Ascites (f; KAB); Cancer (f; JLH); Chest Ache (f; HHB); Constipation (f; HHB; WBB); Cystosis (f; KAB; SKJ); Dysuria (f; SKJ); Enterosis (f; WBB); Fever (f; KAB); Gonorrhea (f; KAB; SKJ); Hemorrhoid (f; KAB); Hepatosis (f; HHB); High Cholesterol (1; ABS); Kernel (f; JLH); Pain (f; HHB; KAB); Pulmonosis (f; WBB); Swelling (f; JLH); Tumor (f; KAB); Water Retention (f; KAB; SKJ); Wen (f; JLH). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PH2). Leaves edible. Large doses (drenches) of 100–500 mg/kg powdered seeds killed pigs, following symptoms of anorexia, dysentery, and vomiting. So keep seed out of your mallow greens (Austral. Vet. J. 58(6):264–5). Extracts (Jute) — Ethanolic extracts of seeds, roots, stems, and leaves were colorimetrically estimated to contain 4120, 110, 230, and 20 ppm cardiac glycosides, respectively. Chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, quercetin 3-galactoside, quercetin 3-glucoside, quercetin-3-(6-malonylglucoside), and quercetin 3-(6-malonylgalactoside) reported from the edible foliage (ABS). Herb used for softening and “drawing the breast.†If my database is correct, this is one of the best edible sources of folacin and vitamin B6. Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PH2). Leaves edible. Large doses (drenches) of 100–500 mg/kg powdered seeds killed pigs, following symptoms of anorexia, dysentery, and vomiting. So keep seed out of your mallow greens (Austral. Vet. J. 58(6):264–5). Extracts (Jute) — Ethanolic extracts of seeds, roots, stems, and leaves were colorimetrically estimated to contain 4120, 110, 230, and 20 ppm cardiac glycosides, respectively. Chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, quercetin 3-galactoside, quercetin 3-glucoside, quercetin-3-(6-malonylglucoside), and quercetin 3-(6-malonylgalactoside) reported from the edible foliage (ABS). Herb used for softening and “drawing the breast.†If my database is correct, this is one of the best edible sources of folacin and vitamin B6. |
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| KALE | Brassica oleracea | |
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Synonyms: The USDA lists more than 20 varieties of kale, many of them, especially the darker ones, are contenders for major health givers. Actions: Antiatherosclerotic (1; SN159:391); Antimaculitic (1; JNU); Antinitrosaminic (1; JNU); Antinyctalopic (1; JNU); Antiproliferant (1; JNU); Antioxidant (JN126:2098); Antiradicular (JN126:2098); Antiretinitic (1; JNU); Antitumor, breast (1; PS131:95; JNU); Antitumor, colon (1; ACN71:575; JNU); Antitumor, lung (1; JNU); Antitumor, skin (JNU); Antiviral (1; JNU); Detoxicant (1; JNU); Estrogenic (1; JNU); Glucuronidase Inhibitor (1; M11); Goitrogenic (1; WO2); Hypocholesterolemic (1; JNU); Prooxidant (1; JAF44:2096); Quinone-Reductase Inducer (1; PS131:95). Indications: Atherosclerosis (1; SN159:391); Cancer, bladder (1; JNU); Cancer, breast (1; JNU); Cancer, cervix (1; JNU); Cancer, colon (1; ACN71:575; JNU); Cancer, liver (1; JNU); Cancer, lung (1; JNU); Cancer, skin (1; JNU); Cardiopathy (1; SN159:391); High Cholesterol (1; JNU); Maculosis (1; JNU); Nyctalopia (1; JNU); Papilloma (1; JNU); Pellagra (f; WO2); Stroke (1; JNU); Tumor, breast (1; PS131:95; JNU); Tumor, colon (1; ACN71:575; JNU); Tumor, lung (1; JNU); Tumor, skin (JNU); Virus (1; JNU). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PH2). In huge quantities, glucosinolate/isothiocyanate-containing crucifers might upset the thyroid. And in huge doses, hard to get dietarily, indole-3-carbinol might stimulate breast cancer rather than prevent it because it does so at levels reasonably attainable through dietary consumption of crucifers (Brassicaceae). If broccoli is the master antioxidant, kale is a master contender, excelling in many ways. According to JNU, kale has seven times more beta carotene than broccoli, ~11 times more lutein, more vitamin K (one-half cup cooked kale providing 600% of the daily value), and the highest ORAC score of any veggie. Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PH2). In huge quantities, glucosinolate/isothiocyanate-containing crucifers might upset the thyroid. And in huge doses, hard to get dietarily, indole-3-carbinol might stimulate breast cancer rather than prevent it because it does so at levels reasonably attainable through dietary consumption of crucifers (Brassicaceae). If broccoli is the master antioxidant, kale is a master contender, excelling in many ways. According to JNU, kale has seven times more beta carotene than broccoli, ~11 times more lutein, more vitamin K (one-half cup cooked kale providing 600% of the daily value), and the highest ORAC score of any veggie. |
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| KAMALA | Mallotus philippensis | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Antibacterial (1; KAP; WOI); Anticancer (1; KAP; MPI); Antifertility (1; KAP; MPI; WOI); Antioxidant (f; WOI); Antisarcomic (1; KAP); Antiseptic (1; MPI); Antispasmodic (1; KAP); Aperitif (f; KAB); Aphrodisiac (f; DAA; KAP); Astringent (1; KAP); Bitter (f; SUW); Carminative (f; KAB); Contraceptive (f; PH2); Hemostat (f; SUW; WOI); Hypoglycemic (1; KAP; MPI); Laxative (1; KAB; KAP; PH2; SUW); Litholytic (f; WOI); Parasiticide (f; DAA); Piscicide (f; WOI); Taenicide (1; KAP); Vermifuge (1; DEP; HHB; PH2; SUW); Vulnerary (f; KAB). Indications: Anorexia (f; DEP; KAB); Bacteria (1; KAP; WOI); Bladder Stone (f; KAB; PH2); Bleeding (f; SUW; WOI); Blister (f; MPI); Bronchosis (f; KAB); Cancer (1; HHB; KAP; MPI); Cancer, abdomen (f; JLH); Cancer, colon (f; JLH); Constipation (1; KAB; KAP; PH2; SUW); Cramp (1; KAP); Dermatosis (f; DEP; PH2; SUW); Diabetes (1; KAP); Dysmenorrhea (f;MPI); Dysuria (f; MPI); Ectoparasite (f; PH2); Enterosis (f; KAB); Fever (f; DEP); Gas (f; KAB); Hemiplegia (f; DEP); Hepatosis (f; PH2); Herpes (f; KAP; MAD); Infection (1; PH2; WOI); Kidney Stone (f; PH2); Leprosy (f; DEP; KAP; PH2); Nephrosis (f; PH2); Otosis (f; MPI; PH2); Pain (f; KAB); Parasite (f; SUW; WOI); Rheumatism (f; KAB); Rhinosis (1; MPI); Ringworm (f; MAD; SUW); Roundworm (f; PH2); Sarcoma (1; MPI); Scabies (f; MAD; SUW); Sore (f; KAP); Splenosis (f; KAB); Staphylococcus (1; MPI); Stone (f; WOI); Syphilis (f; KAP); Tapeworm (1; KAP; PH2; SUW); Worm (1; DEP; HHB; PH2; SUW); Wound (f; KAB; PH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Large doses may cause colic, cramping, diarrhea, GI distress, and nausea (DEP; HHB; MAD). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Large doses may cause colic, cramping, diarrhea, GI distress, and nausea (DEP; HHB; MAD). |
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