Herbal Medicine Reference

Synonyms:

Actions: Anxiolytic (f; PH2); Cardiotonic (1; PH2); Curare (1; FNF); Digitalic (1; PH2); Diuretic (f; EFS); Negative Chronotropic (1; HDN); Negative Dromotropic (1; HDN); Pediculicide (f; HDN); Positive Bathmotropic (1; HDN); Positive Inotropic (1; HDN).

Indications: Anxiety (f; PH2); Atherosclerosis (f; PH2); Bradycardia (f; HHB); Cardiopathy (f; PH2); Gastrosis (f; PH2); High Blood Pressure (f; PH2); Neurodystonia (f; PH2); Stenocardia (f; HHB); Water Retention (f; EFS).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP).“Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). Side effects may include cardiac arrhythmia, headache, ophthalmia (disturbance of color vision), queasiness, stupor, and vomiting. May enhance effects and side effects with calcium salts, glucocorticoids, laxatives, quinidine, and saluretics (PH2). Powdered seeds LDlo 25 mg/kg ivn dog (HH2); g-strophanthidin LDlo 0.33–0.44 mg/kg ivn dog (HH2).

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP).“Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). Side effects may include cardiac arrhythmia, headache, ophthalmia (disturbance of color vision), queasiness, stupor, and vomiting. May enhance effects and side effects with calcium salts, glucocorticoids, laxatives, quinidine, and saluretics (PH2). Powdered seeds LDlo 25 mg/kg ivn dog (HH2); g-strophanthidin LDlo 0.33–0.44 mg/kg ivn dog (HH2).

Synonyms: A. rivieri Durieu, A. rivieri var. konjac (K. Koch) Engl.

Actions: Antitumor (1; APA); Hypocholesterolemic (1; APA); Hypoglycemic (1; APA).

Indications: Cancer, lung (1; APA); Constipation (1; APA); Diabetes (1; APA); Enterosis (1; APA); Gas (1; APA); High Cholesterol (1; APA); Obesity (1; APA); Tumor (1; APA).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PHR). May cause diarrhea. Severe esophageal obstructions reported for glucomannan tablets (always take with plenty of water) (APA). “Australian health authorities have banned tablets containing glucomannan” (APA). May alter insulin requirements (APA). Glucomannan, the polysaccharide extracted from the tubers of Amorphophallus konjac, is indigestible in the human GI tract, lacking enzymes to break it down. Hence, it passes through the body, mostly undigested. In addition, the glucomannan swells in the gut, or wherever it contacts water, sometimes absorbing 60 times its weight in water. Hence, it is often recommended, perhaps too enthusiastically, for constipation, high cholesterol, and obesity. According to APA, in one study of 20 obese patients, those who took 2 capsules of 500 mg of purified glucomannan, 60 minutes before meals, lost an average 5.5 pounds after 8 weeks, cf. 1.5 pounds for placebo patients. In another study, total cholesterol fell some 10% in 63 men taking 3900 mg glucomannan for 4 weeks, in a doubleblind crossover trial.

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PHR). May cause diarrhea. Severe esophageal obstructions reported for glucomannan tablets (always take with plenty of water) (APA). “Australian health authorities have banned tablets containing glucomannan” (APA). May alter insulin requirements (APA). Glucomannan, the polysaccharide extracted from the tubers of Amorphophallus konjac, is indigestible in the human GI tract, lacking enzymes to break it down. Hence, it passes through the body, mostly undigested. In addition, the glucomannan swells in the gut, or wherever it contacts water, sometimes absorbing 60 times its weight in water. Hence, it is often recommended, perhaps too enthusiastically, for constipation, high cholesterol, and obesity. According to APA, in one study of 20 obese patients, those who took 2 capsules of 500 mg of purified glucomannan, 60 minutes before meals, lost an average 5.5 pounds after 8 weeks, cf. 1.5 pounds for placebo patients. In another study, total cholesterol fell some 10% in 63 men taking 3900 mg glucomannan for 4 weeks, in a doubleblind crossover trial.

Synonyms: Lophanthus rugosus Fisch. & C. A. Mey.

Actions: Analgesic (f; DAA); Antiemetic (1; AKT); Antiatherogenic (1; X11334881); Antibacterial (1; AKT); Antiintegrase (1; X10549582); Antipyretic (f; DAA); Antiviral (1; ABS; X10071964; X10549582); Carminative (f; DAA); Decongestant (f; DAA); Fungicide (1; AKT); Mucolytic (1; AKT); Protease-Inhibitor (1; X10071964); Stomachic (f; DAA).

Indications: Angina (f; DAA); Atherosclerosis (1; X11334881); Bacteria (1; AKT); Chemotherapy (f; AKT); Cold (f; DAA); Congestion (f; DAA); Diarrhea (f; DAA); Dyspepsia (f; DAA; AKT) Enterosis (f; DAA); Fever (f; DAA); Fungus (1; AKT); Gas (f; DAA); Gastrosis (f; DAA); Headache (f; DAA); HIV (1; ABS; X10071964); Hyperemesis (1; AKT); Infection (1; AKT); Mycosis (1; AKT); Nausea (1; AKT; DAA); Pain (f; DAA); Splenosis (f; DAA); Thirst (f; DAA); Virus (1; ABS; X10071964; X10549582); Vomiting (1; AKT).

Dosage: Class 1 (AHP).

Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP).

Synonyms: Banksia abyssinica Bruce.

Actions: Abortifacient (f; EFS; PH2); Antisarcomic (1; WOI); Antitumor (1; PH2); Emetic (1; WOI); Irritant (1; WOI); Laxative (1; EFS); Sialagogue (1; PH2); Taenifuge (1; PH2); Vermifuge (1; PH2; WOI).

Indications: Cancer (1; PH2; WOI); Constipation (1; EFS); Hookworm (1; WOI); Roundworm (1; WOI); Tapeworm (1; PH2); Tumor (1; PH2); Whipworm (1; WOI); Worm (1; PH2; WOI).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP). Very toxic (PH2). Irritant to mucous membranes, large doses inducing colic, nausea, and vomiting (WOI). Overdosage may cause abortion, collapse, debility, headache, nausea, salivation, and visual disorders (PH2).

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). Very toxic (PH2). Irritant to mucous membranes, large doses inducing colic, nausea, and vomiting (WOI). Overdosage may cause abortion, collapse, debility, headache, nausea, salivation, and visual disorders (PH2).

Synonyms:

Actions: Analgesic (1; CRC); Anesthetic (1; ABS; FNF); Antitussive (1; CRC; FNF); CNS-Stimulant (1; CRC; FNF); Fumitory (1; CRC); Hallucinogen (1; CRC); Masticatory (1; CRC); Narcotic (1; CRC).

Indications: Addiction (1; CRC); Morphinism (1; CRC); Pain (1; ABS; CRC; FNF).

Dosage:

Contraindications:

Synonyms:

Actions: Abortifacient (1; AKT); Alcohol-Dehydrogenase Inhibitor (1; APA); Antiaggregant (1; FNF); Antiangiogenic (1; FNF); Antiarrhythmic (1; AKT; APA); Antidipsomanic (1;APA; SKY); Antiedemic (f; HHB); Antiemetic (f; LMP); Antiimplantation (1; AKT); Antileukemic (1; FNF); Antileukotriene (1; FNF); Antimelanomic (1; FNF); Antimetastatic (1; FNF); Antiosteoporotic (1; FNF); Antipyretic (1; DAA); Antispasmodic (1; AKT; DAA); Antitumor (1; FNF); Apoptotic (1; FNF); Cerebrotonic (1; AKT); Choleretic (1; HHB); Cholinergic (1; HHB); Circulostimulant (f; SKY); Contraceptive (f; FAY); Diaphoretic (f; FAD; FAY; LMP); Estrogenic (1; FNF); Fungicide (1; FNF); Gastrostimulant (1; HHB); Hemostat (f; DAA); Hepatoprotective (f; AKT); Hypoglycemic (1; AKT; APA; DAA; FAD); Hypotensive (1; AKT; APA; DAA; FAD); Lactagogue (f; AKT; WOI); Neurosedative (f; AKT); Secretagogue (f; FAY); Sedative (f; AKT); Tonic (f; AKT; LMP); Topoisomerase Inhibitor (1; FNF); Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitor (1; FNF).

Indications: Alactea (f; AKT); Alcoholism (1; SKY); Allergy (f; APA); Angina Pectoris (1; AKT; DAA; FAY; SKY); Anorexia (f; FAY); Arrhythmia (1; AKT; APA; X2512952); Bite (f; DAA); Bleeding (f; DAA); Boil (f; DAA); Bruise (f; HHB); Cancer (1; FNF); Cancer, breast (1; FNF); Cardiopathy (1; DAA); Chickenpox (f; LMP); Cirrhosis (1; FNF); Cold (f; APA); Cough (f; DAA; LMP); Cramp (1; AKT; DAA; FAY); Deafness (1; APA; DAA; FAD; FAY); Debility (f; LMP); Dermatosis (f; DAA; FAY); Diabetes (f; APA; LMP); Diarrhea (1; APA; FAD); Dysentery (f; FAD; HHB); Enterosis (f; DAA; LMP); Fever (f; DAA); Gas (f; LMP); Gastrosis (f; FAD); Enterosis (f; FAD); Fever (1; DAA; FAD; FAY; KAB; LMP); Flu (f; APA; LMP); Fungus (1; FNF); Hangover (f; APA; DAA); Headache (f; APA; FAD; FAY); Hepatosis (1; AKT; FNF); High Blood Pressure (1; AKT; APA; DAA; FAD; FAY; SKY); Hives (f; APA); Hyperacidity (f; FAY); Infection (1; FNF); Insomnia (f; AKT); Leukemia (1; FNF); Mastosis (f; FAD); Measles (f; DAA; FAD); Melanoma (1; FNF); Migraine (2; DAA); Mycosis (1; FNF); Nausea (f; HAD); Nervousness (f; AKT); Neurosis (f; AKT); Osteoporosis (1; FNF); Pain (f; AKT); Psoriasis (f; APA); Rash (f; DAA); Snakebite (f; DAA); Sore (f; FAD); Sore Throat (f; FAD); Stiffness (f; DAA); Stomatosis (f; DAA); Sweating (f; DAA); Swelling (f; FAD; HHB); Thirst (f; DAA; FAY); Tinnitus (f; FAY); Tumor (1; FNF); Typhoid (1; FAY; LMP); Vertigo (f; FAY); Vomiting (f; LMP).

Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). Not covered (KOM; PHR). Long food use in Asia suggests relative safety. No adverse effects in humans taking 50–100 g root/day (APA). Extracts (Kudzu) — Roots reportedly richer in estrogenic isoflavones, daidzein, and genistein than soybeans. Antiangiogenic, genistein is supposed to prevent incipient tumors from developing by preventing the formation of new blood vessels to nourish the tumor. Daidzein and daidzin inhibit desire for alcohol. Hirano et al. (1994), showed that genistein was one of the most potent antileukemic compounds among dozens they studied, >100 times more potent than daidzein. Kudzu’s soyasaponin I and kudzusaponin SA-3, were more effective liver protectors than glycyrrhizin (500 μg/ml for, kudzusaponin SA-3). Flavonoid-like substances associated with improved microcirculation and blood flow through the coronary arteries.

Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). Not covered (KOM; PHR). Long food use in Asia suggests relative safety. No adverse effects in humans taking 50–100 g root/day (APA). Extracts (Kudzu) — Roots reportedly richer in estrogenic isoflavones, daidzein, and genistein than soybeans. Antiangiogenic, genistein is supposed to prevent incipient tumors from developing by preventing the formation of new blood vessels to nourish the tumor. Daidzein and daidzin inhibit desire for alcohol. Hirano et al. (1994), showed that genistein was one of the most potent antileukemic compounds among dozens they studied, >100 times more potent than daidzein. Kudzu’s soyasaponin I and kudzusaponin SA-3, were more effective liver protectors than glycyrrhizin (500 μg/ml for, kudzusaponin SA-3). Flavonoid-like substances associated with improved microcirculation and blood flow through the coronary arteries.

Synonyms:

Actions: Analgesic (f; CRC); Cardiotoxic (1; CRC); Emetic (f; CRC); Hallucinogen (1; CRC); Laxative (f; CRC); Pectoral (f; CRC); Poison (1; CRC).

Indications: Asthma (f; CRC); Constipation (f; CRC); Fever (f; CRC); Inflammation (f; CRC); Orchosis (f; CRC); Pain (f; CRC); Splenosis (f; CRC).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PH2). None found.

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PH2). None found.

Synonyms: Ledum latifolium Jacq., Ledum palustre susp. groenlandicum (Oeder) Hultén, Rhododendron groenlandicum (Oeder) Kron & Judd.

Actions: Abortifacient (f; PHR; PIP); Analgesic (f; DEM); Antiinflammatory (f; KOM; PH2); Antitussive (f; KOM); Aperitif (f; DEM); Astringent (1; APA); Deliriant (1; APA); Depurative (f; DEM); Diaphoretic (f; KOM; PIP); Diuretic (f; DEM; KOM; PIP); Emetic (f; DEM; KOM; PIP); Expectorant (f; PH2; PNC); Hemostat (1; APA); Narcotic (1; APA); Pectoral (f; PNC); Vulnerary (1; APA).

Indications: Acne (f; APA); Anorexia (f; DEM); Asthma (f; APA; FAD); Bleeding (1; APA); Blindness (f; DEM); Bronchosis (f; APA; HHB); Bug Bite (f; APA); Burn (f; DEM; FAD); Cancer (f; APA); Catarrh (f; HHB); Chafing (f; DEM); Childbirth (f; DEM); Chill (f; DEM); Cold (1; APA); Conjunctivosis (f; DEM); Cough (f; APA; FAD; HHB); Dermatosis (1; APA; DEM; PH2); Diarrhea (1; APA); Dysentery (f; FAD); Dyspepsia (f; FAD); Fever (f; FAD; KOM; PIP); Headache (f; APA; DEM); Head Cold (f; DEM); Inflammation (f; DEM; KOM; PH2); Itch (1; APA; DEM; FAD); Jaundice (f; DEM); Leprosy (f; FAD); Nephrosis (f; APA; FAD); Ophthalmia (f; DEM); Pain (f; DEM); Pediculosis (f; FAD); Pertussis (f; KOM); Pneumonia (f; DEM); Poison Ivy (f; DEM; FAD); Pulmonosis (f; FAD); Respirosis (1; APA; PH2); Rheumatism (f; APA; FAD); Rhinosis (f; DEM); Scurvy (f; FAD); Sore (f; DEM; FAD); Sore Throat (f; DEM); Sting (f; DEM; FAD); Stomachache (f; FAD); Tuberculosis (f; DEM); Ulcer (f; DEM); Water Retention (f; DEM; KOM; PIP); Whitlow (f; DEM); Wound (1; APA; DEM).

Dosage: Not treated by AHP. “As efficacy has not been substantiated and there are risks, medicinal use is not recommended” (PIP). Contraindicated in pregnancy (PIP). Several reports of poisoning. EO, taken orally, violently irritates the GI tract with diarrhea and vomiting, and irritates the kidney and lower urinary tract, often with arthralgia, myalgia, perspiration, and central excitation with states of intoxication followed by paralysis (PIP). The plant is said to have narcotic properties that may cause delirium, paralytic poisoning, and even death (APA). Irritates skin and mucous membranes (KOM). Grayanotoxin can slow the pulse, lower blood pressure, and cause convulsions and even paralysis (APA).

Contraindications: Not treated by AHP. “As efficacy has not been substantiated and there are risks, medicinal use is not recommended” (PIP). Contraindicated in pregnancy (PIP). Several reports of poisoning. EO, taken orally, violently irritates the GI tract with diarrhea and vomiting, and irritates the kidney and lower urinary tract, often with arthralgia, myalgia, perspiration, and central excitation with states of intoxication followed by paralysis (PIP). The plant is said to have narcotic properties that may cause delirium, paralytic poisoning, and even death (APA). Irritates skin and mucous membranes (KOM). Grayanotoxin can slow the pulse, lower blood pressure, and cause convulsions and even paralysis (APA).

Synonyms: Polypodium filix-femina L.

Actions: Analgesic (f; DEM); Choleretic (f; PH2); Diuretic (f; DEM); Expectorant (1; PH2); Lactagogue (f; DEM); Taenifuge (f; WO2); Vermifuge (f; GMH; WOI).

Indications: Caked Breast (f; DEM); Cancer (f; DEM); Cancer, womb (f; DEM); Childbirth (f; DEM); Conjunctivosis (f; DEM); Enterosis (f; PH2); Fever (f; DEM); Gastrosis (f;PH2); Hematemesis (f; DEM); Mastosis (f; DEM); Ophthalmia (f; DEM); Pain (f; DEM); Respirosis (f; PH2); Rickets (f; GMH); Sore (f; DEM); Tapeworm (f; WO2); Uterosis (f; DEM); VD (f; DEM); Water Retention (f; DEM); Worm (f; GMH; WOI); Wound (f; GMH).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). Used as male fern but less powerful (GMH).

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). Used as male fern but less powerful (GMH).

Synonyms:

Actions: Alterative (f; WOI); Antispasmodic (f; HHB); Aphrodisiac (f; HHB); Astringent (1; WOI); Bitter (f; WOI); Diuretic (f; PH2; WOI); Hypotensive (1; HHB).

Indications: Bleeding (f; GMH); Burn (f; HHB); Cancer (f; JLH); Cancer, breast (f; JLH); Cancer, ganglion (f; JLH); Cancer, skin (f; JLH); Catarrh (f; HHB); Cramp (f; HHB); Cystosis (f; PH2); Dermatosis (f; GMH; HHB); Dropsy (f; HHB); Dysuria (f; GMH; WOI); Edema (f; PH2); Enterosis (f; HHB); Epilepsy (f; GMH; WOI); Gravel (f; GMH; WOI); High Blood Pressure (1; HHB); Hysteria (f; GMH; WOI); Infection (f; PH2); Mastosis (f; JLH); Nephrosis (f; PH2); Pleurosis (f; HHB); Sore (f; JLH); Stone (f; GMH; WOI); Swelling (f; PH2); Water Retention (f; PH2; WOI); Wound (f; GMH; HHB; PH2).

Dosage: Class I (AHP).“Hazards and/or side effects not recorded for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). Asperuloside hypotensive in canines (HHB).

Contraindications: Class I (AHP).“Hazards and/or side effects not recorded for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). Asperuloside hypotensive in canines (HHB).