| English Name | Botanical Name | More Info |
|---|---|---|
| MARITIME PINE | Pinus pinaster | |
|
Synonyms: Pinus maritima Lam. Actions: Analgesic (1; FNF); Antiaging (f; X9817994); Antiaggregant (1; X10882879); Antiallergic (1; FNF; IJO16:204); Antiamyloid (1; X10864026); Antianaphylactic (1; FNF); Antianemic (1; X10793299); Antiasthmatic (1; FNF; PJB1(2):279); Antiatherogenic (1; FNF; PJB1(2):279); Antibacterial (1; FNF; PM56(6):577); Anticancer (1; X10953304); Antidermatotic (1; X11180529); Antiedemic (1; FNF; APP16:50); Antiexudative (1; FNF; APP16:50); Antihistaminic (1; FNF); Anti-HIV (1; FNF); Antiinflammatory (1; FNF; PR13:619); Antioxidant (1; X11087530); Antiplaque (1; X10864026); Antiradicular (1; FNF); Antiseptic (1; FNF); Antisickling (1; X10793299); Antithromboxane (1; X10882879); Antiviral (1; FNF); Apoptotic (1; X10953304); Cancer Preventive (1; FNF; HG22:30); Capillaritonic (1; APP16:50); Hemopoietic (1; X9817994); Hyaluronidase Inhibitor (1; FNF; IJO16:204); Immunomodulator (1; FNF; PR13:619); Lipolytic (1; FNF; PR13:619); Lipoxygenase Inhibitor (1; X11087530); NO-Genic (1; X10631311); Peroxidase Inhibitor (1; X11087530); Retinoprotective (1; X11351356); Sunscreen (1; FNF); Xanthine-Oxidase Inhibitor (1; X11087530); Indications: ADD (1; X10517050); Allergy (1; FNF; IJO16:204); Alzheimer’s (1; X10864026); Anaphylaxis (1; FNF); Anemia (1; X10793299); Asthma (1; FNF; PJB1(2):279); Atherosclerosis (1; FNF; PJB1(2):279); Bacteria (1; FNF; PM56(6):577); Cancer (1; FNF; HG22:30; X10953304); Capillary Fragility (1; APP16:50); Cardiopathy (1; FNF); CVI (1; X11351356); Dementia (f; X9817994); Dermatosis (1; X11180529); Dysmenorrhea (1; FNF); Edema (1; X11351356); Endometriosis (1; FNF); Enterosis (1; FNF); Gastrosis (1; FNF); HIV (1; FNF); Hyperactivity (1; FNF; X105170500); Immunodepression (1; FNF; PR13:619); Infection (1; FNF); Inflammation (1; FNF; PR13:619); Mastosis (1; X10953304); Obesity (1; FNF; PR13:619); Pain (1; FNF); Retinosis (1; X11351356); Senility (f; X9817994); Sickle Cell (1; X10793299) Swelling (1; FNF; APP16:50); Virus (1; FNF). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PH2). Although I have scored maritime pine based mainly on its pycnogenol, and reported activities of pycnogenol, all plants containing similar levels of related OPCs might deserve the same scores. I strongly suspect that all woody plants contain OPCs and possibly even pycnogenol sensu latu if not sensu stricto. “Pycnogenol is a registered trademark of Horphag Research for their patented proprietary extract of French maritime pine bk†(JAD) I have no strong reason to believe that french maritime pine bark is better or worse than other tree barks as sources of OPCs. I prefer peanuts as food. Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PH2). Although I have scored maritime pine based mainly on its pycnogenol, and reported activities of pycnogenol, all plants containing similar levels of related OPCs might deserve the same scores. I strongly suspect that all woody plants contain OPCs and possibly even pycnogenol sensu latu if not sensu stricto. “Pycnogenol is a registered trademark of Horphag Research for their patented proprietary extract of French maritime pine bk†(JAD) I have no strong reason to believe that french maritime pine bark is better or worse than other tree barks as sources of OPCs. I prefer peanuts as food. |
||
| MARSH BLAZING STAR | Liatris spicata | |
|
Synonyms: Larciniaria spicata (L.) Kuntze, Liatris callilepis hort., Serratula spicata L. Actions: Allergenic (1; X3161716); Analgesic (f; DEM); Bitter (f; PNC); Cardiotonic (f; DEM); Carminative (f; DEM); Diaphoretic (f; DEM); Diuretic (f; HHB; PH2); Expectorant (f; DEM); Stimulant (f; DEM). Indications: Backache (f; MAD); Bright’s Disease (f; GMH); Cardiopathy (f; DEM); Colic (f; DEM); Diarrhea (f; MAD); Dropsy (f; DEM); Dysmenorrhea (f; PH2; PNC); Fever (f; DEM); Gas (f; DEM); Gastrosis (f; DEM); Gonorrhea (f; HHB; PH2); Nephrosis (f; GMH; PNC; PH2); Pain (f; DEM); Sore (f; MAD); Sore Throat (f; GMH); Tenesmus (f; MAD); VD (f; HHB; PH2); Water Retention (f; HHB; MAD; PH2); Wound (f; MAD). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). |
||
| MARSHMALLOW | Althaea officinalis | |
|
Synonyms: A. taurinensis DC. Actions: Analgesic (f; BRU); Antibacterial (1; APA); Anticomplementary (1; PHR; PH2); Antidote (f; APA); Antiinflammatory (2; BGB; PHR; PH2); Antiirritant (2; KOM); Antilithic (f; CAN); Antiseptic (2; CAN); Antitussive (2; BGB; BIS; LAF); Chelator (1; PED); Collyrium (f; DEP); Decongestant (f; APA); Demulcent (1; APA; PIP; WAM); Deobstruent (f; TOM); Diuretic (1; APA; CAN; PED); Emollient (1; BGB; BRU; PIP); Expectorant (f; APA; CAN; KAP; PED; WO2); Hypoglycemic (1; APA; CAN; LAF; PH2); Immunostimulant (1; PHR; PH2; PIP; WAM); Laxative (1; DEP; PED); Litholytic (f; PED); Mucogenic (1; PED); Nephrotonic (f; WO2); Parasiticide (f; DEP); Pectoral (f; JFM); Phagocytotic (2; BGB; BIS; KOM; PH2); Suppurative (f; DEP); Tonic (f; PED); Vermifuge (1; PED); Vulnerary (f; BGB; PED). Indications: Abscess (f; PHR; PH2); Arthrosis (f; PED); Asthma (f; JFM, SKY); Bacteria (1; APA); Bite (f; DEP; PH2); Bronchosis (2; APA; PHR; PH2; WO2); Bruise (1; APA; DEP; WOI); Burn (1; APA; DEP; PHR; PH2; WO2); Cancer (f; TOM); Catarrh (1; BGB; CAN; PH2); Chafing (1; APA; SKY); Cholecystosis (1; PED); Chilblain (1; SKY); Cold (1; SKY); Colic(f; DEP; TOM); Colosis (1; BIS; BRU); Congestion (f; APA); Constipation (1; BRU; DEP; PED; PHR; PH2); Cough (2; APA; BRU; DEP; KOM; PIP; PH2); Cramp (1; BRU); Crohn’s Disease (1; SKY); Cystosis (1; APA; CAN; DEP; TOM); Dermatophyte (f; DEP); Dermatosis (1; BGB; BRU; DEP; SKY); Diabetes (1; APA; PHR); Diarrhea (1; APA; LMP; PHR; PH2; WAM); Dysentery (f; TOM); Dyspepsia (1; WAM); Dysuria (1; KAP; WAM); Eczema (1; BGB); Enterosis (2; CAN; DEP; JFM; KOM; PH2); Erysipelas (f; TOM); Furunculosis (1; BGB); Gastrosis (2; BIS; DEP; KOM; PH2; WAM); Gravel (1; DEP); Hemorrhoid (f; TOM); Hoarseness (f; WO2); Hyperglycemia (1; APA; CAN; LAF; PH2); IBD (1; BIS); IBS (1; BIS); Immunodepression (1; PHR; PH2; PIP; WAM); Inflammation (2; APA; BGB; PHR; PH2; TOM); Itch (1; BRU; DEP); Mucososis (1; APA; PH2); Nephrosis (1; APA; PED); Ophthalmia (f; DEP); Pain (1; BRU; DEP); Parasite (f; DEP); Pertussis (f; WO2); Pharyngosis (2; BRU; CAN; KOM; PH2); Proctosis (f; BIS; TOM); Respirosis (1; APA; BGB; TOM; WAM); Snakebite (f; KAP); Sore (1; CAN; PH2); Sore Throat (2; APA; PH2; SKY; WAM); Sprain (f; DEP; WO2); Stomatosis (2; APA; BRU; KOM; PH2; PIP); Stone (f; CAN; PED; TOM); Sunburn (1; APA); Tonsilosis (f; JFM); Toothache (f; APA; DEP); Ulcer (1; BGB; CAN); Urethrosis (f; CAN; PH2); UTI (f; WO2); Vaginosis (f; TOM); Varicosis (f; CAN); Water Retention (1; APA; CAN; PED); Worm (1; PED); Wound (1; APA). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Commission E reports absorption of other drugs taken simultaneously may be delayed (AEH; PH2). High pectin/mucilage content may interfere with uptake of other pharmaceuticals, especially hypoglycemics (CAN; KOM). May interfere with existing hypoglycemic therapy (CAN). Safer than coffee in my book. Remote chance of gossypol. Volatile acids, oils, and tannins may irritate the urinary tract (PED). Antimicrobial activity against Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Mucilage can protect irritated mucous membranes and digestive, respiratory, and urinary tract as well as skin (SKY). Did not show antiedemic or antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan tests (CAN). Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Commission E reports absorption of other drugs taken simultaneously may be delayed (AEH; PH2). High pectin/mucilage content may interfere with uptake of other pharmaceuticals, especially hypoglycemics (CAN; KOM). May interfere with existing hypoglycemic therapy (CAN). Safer than coffee in my book. Remote chance of gossypol. Volatile acids, oils, and tannins may irritate the urinary tract (PED). Antimicrobial activity against Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Mucilage can protect irritated mucous membranes and digestive, respiratory, and urinary tract as well as skin (SKY). Did not show antiedemic or antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan tests (CAN). |
||
| MARSH-MARIGOLD | MARSH-MARIGOLD | |
|
Synonyms: C. polypetala Hochst. ex Lorent Actions: Analgesic (f; EFS); Antiedemic (f; PH2); Antiinflammatory (f; PH2); Antipyretic (1; HH2); Antirheumatic (f; DAA); Antisarcomic (1; DAA); Antispasmodic (f; EFS); Antitumor (1; DAA; FAD); Diaphoretic (f; DEM; FAD); Diuretic (f; DEM; EFS; FAD; HH2); Emetic (f; DEM); Expectorant (f; DEM; FAD); Hyperglycemic (1; PH2); Hypocholesterolemic (1; PH2); Hypotensive (1; HH2); Laxative (f; FAD; PH2); Pectoral (f; WO2); Poison (1; DEM; EFS; PH2); Spermicide (1; WO2). Indications: Biliousness (f; PH2); Bite (f; FAD); Bronchosis (f; HHB); Cancer (1; DAA; FAD; HHB; JLH); Cold (f; DEM); Constipation (f; DEM; FAD; PH2); Cough (f; WO2); Cramp (f; EFS); Dermatosis (f; HHB; PH2); Dysmenorrhea (f; HHB); Dysuria (f; WO2); Fever (1; DEM; FAD; HH2); Hepatosis (f; HH2); Herpes (f; HHB); High Blood Pressure (1; HH2);High Cholesterol (1; PH2); Hypoglycemia (1; PH2); Inflammation (1; PH2); Jaundice (f; EFS; HH2); Pain (f; EFS); Pemphigus (f; EFS); Pertussis (f; HHB); Rash (f; PH2); Rheumatism (f; DAA); Sarcoma (1; DAA); Scrofula (f; DEM); Snakebite (f; FAD); Sore (f; DEM; HH2); Swelling (1; PH2); Tuberculosis (f; DEM); Tumor (1; DAA; FAD); Uterosis (f; HHB); Wart (f; JLH; WO2); Water Retention (f; DEM; EFS; FAD; HHB; HH2); Wound (f; HH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage, strange, it is toxic! JAD). Warning: Any plant part may irritate and/or blister skin or mucous membranes. Sniffing bruised stems induces sneezing. Poisonings have resulted from using raw leaves in salads or raw flower buds as caper substitutes. Do not confuse with toxic hellebores (FA2). I once doubted the EFS reports of helleborein, jervine, and veratrine but did enter them in FNF. These are sometimes found in monocots such as Veratrum, which often grow in the same swamp or bog environment (EFS). But toxic hellebores are from the same buttercup family. Treat all these with extreme caution. Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage, strange, it is toxic! JAD). Warning: Any plant part may irritate and/or blister skin or mucous membranes. Sniffing bruised stems induces sneezing. Poisonings have resulted from using raw leaves in salads or raw flower buds as caper substitutes. Do not confuse with toxic hellebores (FA2). I once doubted the EFS reports of helleborein, jervine, and veratrine but did enter them in FNF. These are sometimes found in monocots such as Veratrum, which often grow in the same swamp or bog environment (EFS). But toxic hellebores are from the same buttercup family. Treat all these with extreme caution. |
||
| MARSH TEA | Ledum palustre | |
|
Synonyms: Rhododendron palustre (L.) Kron & Judd, R. tomentosum (Stokes) Harmaja Actions: Abortifacient (f; CRC); Diaphoretic (f; CRC); Diuretic (f; CRC); Emetic (f; CRC); Expectorant (f; CRC); Intoxicant (1; CRC); Lactagogue (f; CRC); Narcotic (1; CRC); Pectoral (f; CRC); Pediculicide (1; CRC); Vulnerary (f; CRC). Indications: Acne (f; CRC); Arthrosis (f; CRC; DEM); Bite (f; CRC); Bronchosis (f; CRC); Cancer (f; JLH); Cold (f; CRC; DEM); Congestion (f; DEM); Cough (f; CRC; DEM); Dandruff (f; DEM); Dermatosis (f; CRC); Dysentery (f; CRC); Dyspepsia (f; CRC); Fever (f; CRC); Flu (f; DEM); Gout (f; CRC); Heartburn (f; DEM); Infection (f; DEM); Inflammation (f; CRC); Itch (f; CRC); Leprosy (f; CRC); Neuralgia (f; CRC); Pain (f; DEM); Pulmonosis (f; CRC); Rheumatism (f; CRC); Sore (f; DEM); Sore Throat (f; CRC; DEM); Syphilis (f; DEM); VD (f; DEM); Vertigo (f; DEM); Water Retention (f; CRC); Whitlow (f; CRC; JLH). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). Commission E reports herb contains an EO which is a potent irritant of the GI tract, kidneys and urinary tract; other toxic effects include abortion. Contraindicated in pregnancy (AEH). Ledol causes cramps, diarrhea, and paralysis (DEM). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). Commission E reports herb contains an EO which is a potent irritant of the GI tract, kidneys and urinary tract; other toxic effects include abortion. Contraindicated in pregnancy (AEH). Ledol causes cramps, diarrhea, and paralysis (DEM). |
||
| MARTAGON | Lilium martagon | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Carminative (f; EFS); Diuretic (f; EFS; PH2); Emmenagogue (f; EFS); Emollient (f; EFS); Expectorant (f; EFS); Tonic (f; EFS). Indications: Cancer (f; JLH); Dysmenorrhea (f; PH2); Gas (f; EFS); Scleroma (f; JLH); Sore (f; PH2); Water Retention (f; EFS; PH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). |
||
| MARTAGON | Lilium martagon | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Carminative (f; EFS); Diuretic (f; EFS; PH2); Emmenagogue (f; EFS); Emollient (f; EFS); Expectorant (f; EFS); Tonic (f; EFS). Indications: Cancer (f; JLH); Dysmenorrhea (f; PH2); Gas (f; EFS); Scleroma (f; JLH); Sore (f; PH2); Water Retention (f; EFS; PH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). |
||
| MARULA | Sclerocarya birrea | |
|
Synonyms: Sclerocarya caffra Actions: Acaricide (1; CRC); Antibacterial (1; ZUL); Antidote (f; ZUL); Antiemetic (f; ZIM); Antiperistaltic (1; ZUL); Antiscorbutic (1; ZUL); Antiseptic (f; ZUL); Aphrodisiac (f; CRC); Astringent (1; CRC); Contraceptive (f; CRC); Depurative (f; ZUL); Emetic (f; ZUL); Hallucinogen (1; CRC); Hypoglycemic (1; ZUL); Insecticide (1; CRC); Intoxicant (1; CRC); Narcotic (1; CRC). Indications: Backache (f; ZUL); Bacteria (1; ZUL); Bilharzia (f; ZIM); Bite (f; ZUL); Bleeding (1; FNF; ZUL); Cardiopathy (f; ZIM); Conjunctivosis (1; FNF; ZUL); Constipation (f; ZUL); Cough (f; ZIM); Debility (f; ZIM); Diabetes (1; ZUL); Diarrhea (1; CRC); Dysentery (1; CRC); Dysmenorrhea (f; ZIM; ZUL); Enterosis (f; ZUL); Fever (f; ZUL); Gangrene (f; CRC); Gastrosis (f; ZUL); Gonorrhea (f; CRC); Headache (f; ZUL); Heart (f; ZUL); Hyperglycemia (1; ZUL); Infection (f; ZUL); Infertility (f; ZUL); Malaria (f; CRC); Ophthalmia (1; ZIM; ZUL); Pain (f; ZUL); Proctosis (f; CRC); Salmonella (1; ZUL); Schistosomiasis (f; ZUL); Snakebite (f; ZUL); Streptococcus (1; ZUL); Ticks (1; CRC); Toothache (f; ZUL); Ulcer (f; ZUL); VD (f; CRC); Vomiting (f; ZIM). Dosage: Contraindications: |
||
| MARUPA, BITTER WOOD | Simarouba amara | |
|
Synonyms: Quassia simarouba Actions: Abortifacient (f; HHB; PHR; PH2); Amebicide (1; PNC); Antipyretic (1; DAV; EFS; PHR; PH2); Astringent (f; EFS); Bitter (1; PHR; PH2); Digestive (f; EFS); Diuretic (f; EFS); Emetic (1; DAV; PHR; PH2); Laxative (f; DAV); Sedative (1; PH2); Tonic (1; DAV; PHR; PH2; PNC); Vasoconstrictor (1; PH2); Vermifuge (1; HHB). Indications: Amebiasis (1; PNC); Cancer (f; JLH); Catarrh (f; HHB); Chill (f; HHB); Constipation (f; DAV); Diarrhea (f; EFS; HHB; PH2); Dysentery (f; DAV; PHR; PH2; PNC); Enterosis (f; DAV; PH2); Fever (1; DAV; EFS; PHR; PH2; PNC); Insomnia (1; PH2); Malaria (1; DAV; PHR; PH2; PNC); Nervousness (1; PH2); Water Retention (f; EFS); Worm (1; HHB). Dosage: “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Drug is emetic in high doses (PHR). Quassinoids are amebicidal and antimalarial in vivo in animals and in vitro (PNC). Contraindications: “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Drug is emetic in high doses (PHR). Quassinoids are amebicidal and antimalarial in vivo in animals and in vitro (PNC). |
||
| MASTERWORT | Peucedanum ostruthium | |
|
Synonyms: Imperatoria major Actions: Antidote, spider (f; MAD); Antispasmodic (f; PNC); Aphrodisiac (f; MAD); Carminative (f; PNC); Depurative (f; MAD); Diaphoretic (f; MAD); Diuretic (f; MAD; PH2); Emmenagogue (f; MAD); Expectorant (f; MAD); Sedative (f; HHB; PH2); Stimulant (f; PH2); Stomachic (f; PH2). Indications: Apoplexy (f; MAD); Arthrosis (f; MAD); Asthma (f; PNC); Atherosclerosis (f; MAD); Bite (f; MAD); Bloat (f; PH2); Bronchosis (f; MAD); Cancer (f; JLH); Cancer, face (f; JLH); Cancer, liver (f; JLH); Cancer, spleen (f; JLH; MAD); Catarrh (f; PH2); Colic (f; MAD); Cramp (f; PNC); Diabetes (f; MAD); Diarrhea (f; MAD); Dysmenorrhea (f; PH2); Dyspepsia (f; PH2); Enterosis (f; PH2); Epilepsy (f; MAD); Fever (f; MAD); Gallstone (f; MAD); Gas (f; MAD; PH2; PNC); Gastrosis (f; PH2); Gout (f; MAD); Hepatosis (f; JLH); Induration (f; JLH); Infection (f; MAD); Insomnia (f; HHB; MAD; PH2); Ischiosis (f; MAD); Kidney Stone (f; MAD); Malaria (f; MAD); Nervousness (f; HHB; PH2); Rheumatism (f; MAD); Roemheld Syndrome (f; PH2); Splenosis (f; JLH; MAD); Stomachache (f; MAD); Stone (f; MAD); Tuberculosis (f; MAD); Uterosis (f; MAD); Water Retention (f; MAD; PH2); Worm (f; MAD). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Furanocoumarins may be phototoxic (PH2; PNC). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Furanocoumarins may be phototoxic (PH2; PNC). |
||