Herbal Medicine Reference

Synonyms:

Actions: Abortifacient (f; EFS); Antiaggregant (1; DAD); Antibacterial (1; APA); Antipyretic (f; CRC; EFS); Antiscorbutic (1; WBB); Antiseptic (1; CRC; PED); Antispasmodic (1; HHB; PED); Aperitif (f; CRC); Aphrodisiac (f; CRC; WBB); Astringent (f; CRC); Cholagogue (f; CRC); Choleretic (1; CRC; DAD); Demulcent (f; CRC; EFS); Digestive (f; PED); Diuretic (1; APA; DAD; PH2; WBB); Emollient (1; APA; WBB); Emmenagogue (f; EFS); Expectorant (f; EFS; KOM; PHR; PH2); Hypotensive (1; APA; DAD; PHR; PH2); Laxative (1; APA; CRC; PED; PH2; WBB); Myorelaxant (f; APA; PHR); Pectoral (f; EFS); Peristaltic (1; DAD); Resolvent (f; CRC); Saluretic (1; APA); Sedative (f; CRC); Stomachic (f; CRC); Tonic (f; CRC); Uterorelaxant (1; PHR; PH2); Vermifuge (1; APA).

Indications: Abscess (1; CRC; WBB); Anorexia (f; APA; CRC; KOM; PH2); Atherosclerosis (1; CRC); Bacteria (1; APA; HHB); Biliousness (f; CRC); Cancer (f; JLH); Carbuncle (f; PH2); Cardiopathy (f; APA); Catarrh (f; KOM); Conjunctivosis (f; PH2); Constipation (f; APA; KOM); Chill (f; APA; PED); Circulosis (f; PH2); Cold (f; PHR; PH2); Constipation (1; APA; CRC; PED; PH2; WBB); Cough (1; CRC; WBB); Cramp (1; APA; HHB; PED); Debility (f; CRC); Dyspepsia (f; CRC; PHR); Dysuria (f; CRC); Enterosis (1; CRC); Fever (f; CRC; EFS; HHB); Gastrosis (f; PH2); Hangover (f; CRC); Heart (f; CRC); Herpes zoster (f; PH2); High Blood Pressure (1; APA; CRC; DAD; PHR; PH2); Infection (1; APA; CRC); Inflammation (f; PH2); Insomnia (f; CRC); Intoxication (f; CRC; WBB); Kidney Stone (1; APA); Nervousness (f; CRC); Neuropathy (1; APA); Neurosis (f; CRC); Ophthalmia (f; PH2); Respirosis (f; APA; PED; PH2); Scurvy (f; CRC); Strangury (f; CRC); Swelling (f; PH2); Tuberculosis (1; HHB); Virus (f; PH2); Water Retention (1; APA; DAD; PH2; WBB); Worm (1; APA).

Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). No risks known (KOM). Commission E list it as unapproved (KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not recorded for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). May reduce the efficacy of chloroquine as a malaria preventive (APA). If HHB is correct, this plant may be the best source of hydroxycitric acids. Translation (JAD) —In the flowers D (+)-malic acid, 12.5% to 16.8% citric, ascorbic, utalonic, protocatechuic, maleic, glycolic, tartaric, oxalic, and 23% hibiscus acids [(+)-allo-oxycitronicacid- lactone C6H6O7]. The Herbal PDR (PH2) labels the plant as containing 15–30% “fruit acids,” in particular hibiscus (+)-allohydroxycitric-acid-lactone and poorly translating “lemons, malic acid, and tartaric acid”.

Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). No risks known (KOM). Commission E list it as unapproved (KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not recorded for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). May reduce the efficacy of chloroquine as a malaria preventive (APA). If HHB is correct, this plant may be the best source of hydroxycitric acids. Translation (JAD) —In the flowers D (+)-malic acid, 12.5% to 16.8% citric, ascorbic, utalonic, protocatechuic, maleic, glycolic, tartaric, oxalic, and 23% hibiscus acids [(+)-allo-oxycitronicacid- lactone C6H6O7]. The Herbal PDR (PH2) labels the plant as containing 15–30% “fruit acids,” in particular hibiscus (+)-allohydroxycitric-acid-lactone and poorly translating “lemons, malic acid, and tartaric acid”.

Synonyms: R. officinalis var. prostratus hort.

Actions: Abortifacient (f; MAD); Analgesic (1; CAN; PNC); Antiaging (1; APA); Antialzheimeran (1; COX; FNF); Antianaphylactic (1; CAN); Antiarthritic (1; COX; FNF); Antiatherosclerotic (1; X11229363); Antibacterial (1; APA; BGB; CAN); Anticancer (1; COX; FNF; HH2; PH2); Anticapillary Fragility (1; CAN); Anticholinesterase (f; JAD); Anticomplementary (1; CAN); Anticonvulsant (1; PH2); Antiedemic (1; CAN); Antigonadotropic (1; CAN); Antiimplantation (f; CRC); Antiinflammatory (1; CAN; JNU; PNC; TAD); Antimutagenic (1; HH2; PH2; TAD); Antioxidant (1; APA; CAN; CRC; TAD; WOI); Antiprostaglandin (1; CAN); Antipyretic (f; CRC); Antiseptic (1; APA; BGB; CAN; HH2; PH2); Antispasmodic (2; APA; BGB; CAN; KOM; PH2); Antiviral (1; JBU; HH2; PH2; TAD); Aperitif (1; APA; CRC); Astringent (1; CRC; PNC); Candidicide (1; HH2); Capillary Fragility (1; CAN); Carminative (1; APA; BGB; CAN; MAD); Cerebrotonic (f; CRC); Cholagogue (1; BGB; HH2); Choleretic (1; BGB; PH2; TAD); CNS Stimulant (1; APA; JAD); Contraceptive (f; CRC); COX-2 Inhibitor (1; COX; FNF; HH2); Detoxicant (f; JNU); Diaphoretic (f; CRC; PNC); Digestive (f; APA); Diuretic (f; CAN; CRC; MAD); Emmenagogue (f; APA; BGB; CAN; HH2; MAD); Epileptigenic (1; CAN);Fungicide (1; APA; CAN; HH2; JBU); Hepatoprotective (1; HH2; PH2); Hyperemic (1; BGB); Insecticide (1; CRC; HH2; MAD); Insectifuge (1; APA); Memorigenic (1; APA; CRC; PH2); Myorelaxant (1; CRC); Myostimulant (1; CAN); Negative Chronotropic (1; HH2); Negative Inotropic (1; HH2); Nervine (1; CRC; DEP; MAD; PNC); Parasiticide (1; CAN; WOI); Photosensitive (1; CAN); Positive Inotropic (2; BGB; KOM); Protisticide (1; CRC; WOI); Rubefacient (1; BGB; CAN); Sedative (f; CAN); Spasmogenic (1; CAN); Sterilant (f; WOI); Stimulant (1; BGB; CRC); Stomachic (f; BGB; CRC; PNC); Thymoleptic (f; CAN); Tonic (f; BGB; CRC; PNC); Vulnerary (1; BGB).

Indications: Alopecia (f; APA; CRC; DEP; WOI)); Alzheimer’s (1; COX; FNF); Amenorrhea (f; PH2); Anaphylaxis (1; CAN); Anorexia (2; APA; CRC; MAD; PHR; PH2); Arthrosis (1; APA; COX; FNF; MAD); Asthma (f; CRC; WOI); Atherosclerosis (1; APA; X11229363); Bacteria (1; APA; BGB; CAN; CRC; TAD); Bronchosis (f; CRC); Bruise (1; APA; JFM); Cancer (1; APA; COX; CRC; FNF; HH2; PH2; TAD); Cancer, breast (1; APA); Cancer, liver (1; APA; COX; CRC); Cancer, mouth (1; CRC; FNF; JLH); Cancer, skin (1; JNU); Cancer, spleen (1; APA; COX; CRC); Candida (1; HH2); Capillary Fragility (1; CAN); Cardiopathy (1; APA); Cataract (1; FNF; BGB); Catarrh (f; WOI); Cholecystosis (2; PHR); Circulosis (2; KOM; PH2); Climacteric (f; HH2); Condyloma (f; JLH); Convulsion (1; PH2); Cough (f; CRC); Cramp (2; APA; BGB; CAN; FNF; KOM; MAD; PH2); Dandruff (f; CRC); Diabetes (1; APA); Diarrhea (f; CRC); Dizziness (f; PH2); Dropsy (f; MAD); Drowsiness (1; JAD); Dysmenorrhea (f; CRC; HH2; PH2); Dyspepsia (2; APA; CAN; KOM; PH2); Eczema (f; APA; PHR; PH2); Edema (1; CAN; CRC); Enterosis (1; APA; BGB; PH2); Epilepsy (f; MAD); Escherichia (1; MAD); Fatigue (f; PH2); Fever (f; CRC; PNC); Fungus (1; APA; CAN; HH2; JBU; TAD); Gas (1; APA; BGB; CAN; MAD); Gastrosis (1; APA; BGB; PH2); Gout (f; CRC; MAD); Headache (f; BGB; CAN; CRC; PH2); Head Cold (f; MAD); Heart (f; CRC); Hemorrhoid (f; CRC); Hepatosis (2; HH2; JLH; MAD; PHR; PH2); Hoarseness (f; CRC; JFM); Hypotonia (f; PH2); Hysteria (f; CRC; MAD); Induration (f; CRC; JLH); Infection (1; APA; CAN; HH2; JBU); Infertility (f; MAD); Inflammation (1; CAN; COX; FNF; JNU; PNC; TAD); Insomnia (f; CAN; CRC; MAD); Ischiosis (f; HH2); Lethargy (1; JAD); Leukorrhea (f; CRC; MAD); Low Blood Pressure (1; APA); Migraine (1; APA; BGB; PH2); Myalgia (1; CAN; HH2; PH2); Mycosis (1; APA; CAN; HH2; JBU); Nausea (f; CRC); Nephrosis (f; CRC; MAD); Nervousness (f; CAN); Neuralgia (1; APA; CAN; CRC; PH2); Neurosis (f; BGB; LAF); Pain (1; APA; CAN; PH2; PNC); Palsy (f; MAD); Paralysis (1; APA; MAD); Parasite (1; CAN; WOI); Pleurodynia (1; APA); Polyuria (f; CRC); Pulmonosis (f; CRC); Rheumatism (2; APA; KOM; PHR; PH2); Sciatica (2; CAN; PH2); Senile Dementia (f; PH2); Septic Shock (1; CAN; PNC); Sore (f; PH2); Sore Throat (f; PH2); Splenosis (f; JLH; MAD); Sprain (1; APA; JFM); Stomachache (1; APA); Stomatosis (1; CRC; FNF; PH2); Swelling (1; CAN); Syncope (f; MAD); Tension (f; BGB); Toothache (f; CRC); Varicosis (1; APA); Vertigo (f; CRC); Virus (1; JBU; HH2; PH2; TAD); Wart (f; JLH); Water Retention (f; CAN; CRC; MAD); Wound (f; APA; PHR; PH2); Yeast (1; HH2).

Dosage: Class 2b. Abortifacient, emmenagogue, and uterotonic (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). For the leaves, Commission E reports none known. Commission E reports for the root, contraindications: pregnancy, lactation; adverse effects: harmless red discoloration of the urine (AEH). Like any EO, that of rosemary can be toxic in large quantities, causing irritations to the intestines, kidneys, skin, and stomach. Epileptics should be careful with rosemary and other herbs heavy with camphor (CAN). CAN cautions that camphor in the volatile oil may cause convulsions. Michael Castleman is apparently talking about the herb, not the more dangerous EO, when he says, “Like most other herbs, rosemary should be used in large amounts only in consultation with your health care provider. If you are pregnant, you should avoid such amounts because they can cause uterine contractions” (Castleman, 1996). The Herbal PDR scares the pants off us by saying large doses of rosemary leaves (more likely the oil), inadvisedly have been used to attempt abortion, may lead to coma, gastroenterosis, nephrosis, pulmonary edema, spasm, uterine bleeding, vomiting, and even to death. But this seems to be speculation! The PDR concludes “No documented cases have come to light.” Just another dead-end on another bibliographic echo (PHR; PH2). Extracts (Rosemary) — LD50 = 5 ml/kg orl rat, >10 ml/kg der rbt, EO antispasmodic at 25 mg/kg (CAN). Major source of the COX-2 inhibitor, oleanolic acid, at 1% (COX). EO antiseptic against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, molds, Corynebacteria, Escherichia, Staphylococcus, and Vibrio. Carnosol and ursolic acid inhibit many food spoilage microbes Escherichia, Kluyveromyces, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, Rhodotorula = BHA, BHT; carnosol > ursolic acid as antioxidant. Rosemary oil is effective against opportunistic infections like Cryptococcus neoformans (JBU). Rosemary oil as well as its bornyl acetate and cineole are antispasmodic, on smooth muscle (guinea pig ileum) and cardiac muscle (guinea pig atria). In smooth muscle, borneol is considered the most active, by antagonizing acetyl choline. The antispasmodic action of rosemary as preceded by contractile action, due to pinenes, which are spasmogenic on smooth muscle, inactive on cardiac muscle. Rosemary oil relaxes the Oddi’s sphincter contracted by morphine. Activity increases with incremental oil doses reaching an optimum at 25 mg/kg, at which the unblocking effect was immediate. Beyond that dosage, the response was again delayed. Smooth muscle stimulant and analgesic actions have been documented for a rosmaricine derivative (CAN).

Contraindications: Class 2b. Abortifacient, emmenagogue, and uterotonic (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). For the leaves, Commission E reports none known. Commission E reports for the root, contraindications: pregnancy, lactation; adverse effects: harmless red discoloration of the urine (AEH). Like any EO, that of rosemary can be toxic in large quantities, causing irritations to the intestines, kidneys, skin, and stomach. Epileptics should be careful with rosemary and other herbs heavy with camphor (CAN). CAN cautions that camphor in the volatile oil may cause convulsions. Michael Castleman is apparently talking about the herb, not the more dangerous EO, when he says, “Like most other herbs, rosemary should be used in large amounts only in consultation with your health care provider. If you are pregnant, you should avoid such amounts because they can cause uterine contractions” (Castleman, 1996). The Herbal PDR scares the pants off us by saying large doses of rosemary leaves (more likely the oil), inadvisedly have been used to attempt abortion, may lead to coma, gastroenterosis, nephrosis, pulmonary edema, spasm, uterine bleeding, vomiting, and even to death. But this seems to be speculation! The PDR concludes “No documented cases have come to light.” Just another dead-end on another bibliographic echo (PHR; PH2). Extracts (Rosemary) — LD50 = 5 ml/kg orl rat, >10 ml/kg der rbt, EO antispasmodic at 25 mg/kg (CAN). Major source of the COX-2 inhibitor, oleanolic acid, at 1% (COX). EO antiseptic against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, molds, Corynebacteria, Escherichia, Staphylococcus, and Vibrio. Carnosol and ursolic acid inhibit many food spoilage microbes Escherichia, Kluyveromyces, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas, Rhodotorula = BHA, BHT; carnosol > ursolic acid as antioxidant. Rosemary oil is effective against opportunistic infections like Cryptococcus neoformans (JBU). Rosemary oil as well as its bornyl acetate and cineole are antispasmodic, on smooth muscle (guinea pig ileum) and cardiac muscle (guinea pig atria). In smooth muscle, borneol is considered the most active, by antagonizing acetyl choline. The antispasmodic action of rosemary as preceded by contractile action, due to pinenes, which are spasmogenic on smooth muscle, inactive on cardiac muscle. Rosemary oil relaxes the Oddi’s sphincter contracted by morphine. Activity increases with incremental oil doses reaching an optimum at 25 mg/kg, at which the unblocking effect was immediate. Beyond that dosage, the response was again delayed. Smooth muscle stimulant and analgesic actions have been documented for a rosmaricine derivative (CAN).

Synonyms:

Actions: Analgesic (f; FAY); Antibacterial (1; FAY); Antiedemic (f; FAY); Antiinflammatory (f; DAA); Antipyretic (f; FAY); Astringent (f; FAY); Bitter (f; FAY); Carminative (f; DAA); Demulcent (f; FAY; LMP); Detoxicant (f; FAY); Diuretic (f; DAA; FAY; HHB); Emollient (f; LMP); Expectorant (f; FAY; HHB); Fungicide (1; FAY; X739389); Hemostat (f; DAA); Stomachic (f; DAA; HHB); Vermifuge (1; FAY).

Indications: Abscess (f; FAY); Ameba (f; DAA); Appendicitis (f; FAY); Ascariasis (f; DAA; LMP); Asthma (f; FAY); Athlete’s Foot (f; FAY); Bacteria (1; FAY); Bleeding (f; DAA; FAY; LMP); Boil (f; FAY); Bronchosis (f; FAY); Burn (f; FAY); Cancer (f; ABS; FAY); Carbuncle (f; FAY); Cold (f; DAA); Colitis (f; DAA); Cough (f; FAY); Dermatosis (f; DAA; FAY); Diabetes (f; FAY); Diarrhea (f; FAY; MPI); Dysentery (f; FAY; MPI); Dysmenorrhea (f; DAA; MPI); Dyspepsia (f; LMP); Eczema (f; FAY); Enterosis (f; DAA; LMP); Fever (f; FAY); Fungus (1; FAY; X739389); Gas (f; DAA); Gastrosis (f; DAA); Headache (f; FAY); Hemorrhoid (f; FAY); Impetigo (f; FAY); Infection (1; FAY; X739389); Inflammation (f; DAA); Itch (f; DAA; FAY); Leukorrhea (f; DAA; LMP); Migraine (f; FAY); Mycosis (1; FAY; X739389); Nausea (f; DAA; LMP); Neurodermatosis (f; FAY); Pain (f; FAY); Proctosis (f; FAY); Prolapse (f; FAY); Pulmonosis (f; FAY); Ringworm (f; FAY); Sore (f; FAY); Swelling (f; FAY); Vaginosis (f; FAY); Water Retention (f; DAA; FAY; HHB); Worm (1; DAA; FAY).

Dosage:

Contraindications:

Synonyms: Both Commission E (KOM) and the Herbal PDR (PH2) aggregate Rosa centifolia L. and R. gallica L. for their account of the rose flower. PNC aggregates R. damascena Mill. as well. MAD aggregates R. centifolia and R. damascena. EFS disaggregates. I’ve aggregated their indications trying to keep their chemistries separate. Difficult task. Who knows which rose they chose to nose?

Actions: Antidiarrheic (PNC); Antiinflammatory (1; KAB); Aperient (f; EFS); Aperitif (f; EFS); Aphrodisiac (f; KAB); Ascaricide (1; MAD); Astringent (2; DEP; KOM; PH2; PNC); Cardiotonic (f; EFS; MAD); Carminative (f; EFS); Depurative (f; KAB; MAD); Emollient (f; KAB); Expectorant (1; MAD); Laxative (f; DEP); Nervine (f; EFS; MAD); Stomachic (f; EFS); Tonic (f; KAB); Vermifuge (1; MAD); Vulnerary (f; KAB).

Indications: Anorexia (f; EFS); Ascaris (1; MAD); Asthma (f; KAB; PH2); Biliousness (f; KAB); Bleeding (1; MAD; PH2); Bronchosis (f; PH2); Burn (f; MAD); Cancer (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, mouth (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, sinew (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, uterus (1; FNF; JLH); Catarrh (f; MAD; PH2); Constipation (f; DEP); Cough (f; PH2); Debility (f; PH2); Diarrhea (f; MAD; PH2); Fever (f; MAD; PH2); Gas (f; EFS); Gastrosis (f; MAD); Gonorrhea (f; MAD); Headache (f; MAD); Hemoptysis (f; MAD); Hemorrhoid (f; KAB); Hepatosis (f; KAB); Hyperhydrosis (f; PH2); Inflammation (2; KAB; KOM; PHR; PH2); Jaundice (f; MAD); Leprosy (f; KAB); Leukorrhea (f; PH2); Mucososis (2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Ophthalmia (f; KAB); Pharyngosis (2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Pulmonosis (f; PH2); Scirrhus (f; JLH); Stomatosis (2; JLH; KOM; MAD; PHR; PH2); Syncope (f; JLH); Toothache (f; MAD); Tuberculosis (f; PH2); Tumor (f; MAD); Uterosis (f; JLH); Worm (1; MAD); Wound (f; KAB; PH2).

Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). None known for the flower (KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). 15% tannins; OPCs (PHR).

Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). None known for the flower (KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). 15% tannins; OPCs (PHR).

Synonyms:

Actions: Alterative (f; EFS); Antibacterial (1; WOI); Antipyretic (f; EFS; WOI); Antispasmodic (f; EFS; PNC); Bitter (1; PH2); Diaphoretic (f; EFS; PH2); Diuretic (f; EFS; FAD; PNC); Emetic (f; DEM; EFS; FEL; PNC); Expectorant (f; EFS; PNC); Tonic (f; DEM; EFS; FAD); Vermifuge (f; DEM; FAD).

Indications: Asthma (f; FAD; FEL; MAD; WOI); Bacteria (1; WOI); Bronchosis (f; MAD); Catarrh (f; FEL); Cough (f; FEL; MAD; PNC; WOI); Cramp (f; EFS; PNC); Cystosis (f; MAD); Debility (f; DEM; FAD); Dysentery (f; MAD); Dyspepsia (f; PH2); Fever (f; EFS; PH2; WOI); Flu (f; MAD); Gleet (f; FEL); Gonorrhea (f; FAD; FEL); Malaria (f; FEL); Mucososis (f; MAD); Pulmonosis (f; FAD; FEL); Respirosis (f; MAD); VD (f; FEL); Sore Throat (f; FEL); Water Retention (f; EFS; FAD; PNC); Worm (f; DEM; FAD).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD).

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD).

Synonyms: Ammocallis rosea (L.) Small, Lochnera rosea (L.) Rchb., Vinca rosea L.

Actions: Analgesic (1; ZUL); Antibacterial (1; ZUL); Anticancer (1; AAB; ZUL); Antidiabetic (1; JFM; VVG; ZUL); Antileukemic (1; AAB); Antimitotic (1; ZUL); Antipyretic (1; WBB; ZUL); Antiseptic (1; WBB; ZUL); CNS Depressant (1; WBB); Collyrium (f; JFM); Depurative (f; ZUL); Digitalic (f; WBB); Diuretic (f; JFM); Emetic (f; ZUL); Fungicide (1; ZUL); Hemostat (f; JFM; ZUL); Hypoglycemic (1; VVG); Hypotensive (1; WBB; ZUL); Laxative (f; JFM; WBB); Leukopenic (1; ZUL); Myorelaxant (1; ZUL); Sedative (1; WBB); Teratogenic (1; ZUL); Tranquilizer (1; WBB); Vermifuge (f; JFM; ZUL).

Indications: Asthma (f; JFM); Bacteria (1; ZUL); Bleeding (f; JFM; ZUL); Bug Bite (f; ZUL); Cancer (1; AAB; VAG; ZUL); Cardiopathy (f; JFM); Catarrh (f; RYM); Chest Cold (f; JFM); Cold (f; AAB); Constipation (f; JFM; WBB); Dermatosis (f; ZUL); Diabetes (1; JFM; VAG; VVG; WBB; ZUL); Fever (1; WBB; ZUL); Fungus (1; ZUL); Gas (f; JFM); Gonorrhea (f; ZUL); High Blood Pressure (1; AAB; JFM; WBB; ZUL); Hodgkin’s Disease (1; AAB; ZUL); Hyperglycemia (1; VVG); Infection (1; ZUL); Insomnia (1; WBB); Laryngosis (f; JFM); Leukemia (1; AAB; ZUL); Lymphoma (1; VAG; VVG); Malaria (1; WBB); Menopause (f; AAB); Menorrhagia (f; WBB; ZUL); Mycosis (1; ZUL); Nervousness (1; WBB); Ophthalmia (f; RYM); Pain (1; ZUL); Rheumatism (f; VVG; WBB; ZUL); Scurvy (f; ZUL); Sore Throat (f; AAB; JFM); Toothache (f; ZUL); Tuberculosis (f; JFM); VD (f; ZUL); Wart (f; ZUL); Water Retention (f; JFM); Worm (f; JFM; ZUL).

Dosage:

Contraindications:

Synonyms: A. kepulaga Sprague & Burkill

Actions: Antitoxic (f; DAD); Antiemetic (f; DAD); Carminative (f; DAD); Stomachic (f; DAD).

Indications: Ague (f; DAD); Cachexia (f; DAD); Cancer (f; DAD; JLH); Cancer, liver (f; DAD; JLH); Cancer, uterus (f; DAD; JLH); Catarrh (f; DAD); Childbirth (f; DAD); Cold (f; DAD); Cough (f; DAD); Cramp (f; DAD); Dyspepsia (f; DAD); Gas (f; DAD); Gout (f;DAD); Heartburn (f; DAD); Hepatosis (f; DAD; JLH); Induration (f; JLH); Madness (f; DAD); Nausea (f; DAD); Ophthalmia (f; DAD); Rheumatism (f; DAD); Uterosis (f; JLH); Vomiting (f; DAD).

Dosage:

Contraindications:

Synonyms: I think the Herbal PDR is dead wrong when it says, “The plant originated in the South Sea islands but is now naturalized in other climates” (PH2).

Actions: Antispasmodic (f; FEL); Astringent (f; FEL); Diuretic (f; FEL; MAD); Litholytic (f; FEL); Tonic (f; FEL); Vulnerary (f; MAD).

Indications: Boil (f; FEL); BPH (f; MAD; PH2); Cancer (f; FEL; JLH); Carbuncle (f; FEL); Carcinoma (f; FEL); Convulsion (f; FEL); Cramp (f; FEL); Cystosis (f; FEL; MAD; PH2); Dermatosis (f; FEL); Diabetes (f; MAD); Dropsy (f; MAD); Dysuria (f; FEL; MAD); Epilepsy (f; FEL); Felon (f; JLH); Gravel (f; FEL); Hematuria (f; FEL); Inflammation (f; PH2); Leukorrhea (f; FEL); Nephrosis (f; MAD; PH2); Neurosis (f; FEL); Ophthalmia (f; FEL); Prostatosis (f; MAD; PH2); Scrofula (f; FEL); Sore (f; FEL; JLH); Stone (f; FEL); Sore Throat (f; FEL); Stomatosis (f; FEL); Swelling (f; FEL); Uterosis (f; FEL); UTI (f; FEL; PH2); Water Retention (f; FEL; MAD); Wound (f; MAD).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Chimaphilin may be irritant. Hydroquinones not for long-term consumption (PH2).

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Chimaphilin may be irritant. Hydroquinones not for long-term consumption (PH2).

Synonyms: Pyrus aucuparia (L.) Gaertn., P. aucuparia var. dulcis (Kraetzl) Asch. & Graebn., Sorbus aucuparia f. fastigiata (Loudon) Rehder, S. aucuparia var. dulcis Kraetzl, S. aucuparia var. edulis Dieck, S. aucuparia var. moravica Dippel, S. aucuparia var. pendula G. Kirchn., S. aucuparia var. rossica Späth ex Koehne, S. aucuparia var. xanthocarpa Hartwig & Rümpler.

Actions: Antiinflammatory (f; PHR); Astringent (1; FEL; WOI); Catabolic (f; PHR); Depurative (f; WOI); Diuretic (f; MAD; WOI); Emetic (f; DEM); Emmenagogue (1; EFS; WOI); Irritant (1; PHR); Laxative (1; HHB; MAD; WOI); Litholytic (f; MAD); Pectoral (f; EFS; WOI); Sialagogue (1; HHB); Uricosuric (f; PHR).

Indications: Angina (1; FAD; FNF); Anorexia (f; DEM); Arthrosis (f; KOM); Boil (f; DEM); Bronchosis (f; WOI); Cancer (f; JLH); Cancer, rectum (f; JLH); Cardiopathy (f; FAD; FNF); Catarrh (f; MAD); Childbirth (f; DEM); Cholecystosis (f; WOI); Cold (f; DEM); Colic (f; DEM); Constipation (1; HHB; MAD; WOI); Cough (f; WOI); Croup (f; DEM); Debility (f; DEM); Depression (f; DEM); Diabetes (f; KOM; PHR; PH2); Diarrhea (1; FEL); Diphtheria (f; DEM); Dropsy (f; MAD); Dysmenorrhea (f; PHR); Dyspepsia (1; KOM; WOI); Dysuria (f; FAD); Enterosis (f; MAD); Fever (f; CEB; MAD; PHR; PH2); Fracture (f; MAD); Gastrosis (f; MAD); Gonorrhea (f; DEM); Gout (f; KOM; PHR; PH2); Hemorrhoid (f; WOI); Hepatosis (f; MAD); Hoarseness (f; MAD); Inflammation (f; KOM; PHR); Leukorrhea (f; WOI); Nephrosis (f; HH2; MAD); Pain (f; DEM); Pharyngosis (f; FEL); Pleurosis (f; DEM; MAD; PHR; PH2); Pneumonia (f; DEM); Proctosis (f; FEL; JLH); Pulmonosis (f; DEM; MAD; PHR); Rheumatism (f; HH2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Scurvy (f; FEL); Stomachache (f; MAD); Stone (f; MAD); Strangury (1; WOI); Tonsilosis (f; FEL); Tuberculosis (f; MAD); Vaginosis (f; FEL); VD (f; DEM); Water Retention (f; MAD; WOI); Wound (f; MAD).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “No health hazards or side effects are known in conjunction with the proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages of the dehydrated drug or with the consumption of fruit sauces, juices, jellies, jams, etc., produced through cooking” (PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Because of the irritant parasorbic acid (mostly or totally destroyed by cooking or drying) in untreated or unprocessed fruits, excessive intake of fresh fruits can lead to albuminuria, diarrhea, gastralgia, gastroenterosis, glycosuria, kidney damage, polymorphic exanthemas, queasiness, and vomiting (HHB; PHR). Amygdalin (342–617 ppm) and hydrocyanic acid (20–37 ppm) are reported from the frozen fruits (WOI).

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “No health hazards or side effects are known in conjunction with the proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages of the dehydrated drug or with the consumption of fruit sauces, juices, jellies, jams, etc., produced through cooking” (PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Because of the irritant parasorbic acid (mostly or totally destroyed by cooking or drying) in untreated or unprocessed fruits, excessive intake of fresh fruits can lead to albuminuria, diarrhea, gastralgia, gastroenterosis, glycosuria, kidney damage, polymorphic exanthemas, queasiness, and vomiting (HHB; PHR). Amygdalin (342–617 ppm) and hydrocyanic acid (20–37 ppm) are reported from the frozen fruits (WOI).

Synonyms:

Actions: Analgesic (f; CRC); Fungicide (f; CRC); Vermifuge (f; CRC).

Indications: Athlete’s Foot (f; CRC); Callus (f; CRC); Eczema (f; CRC); Fungus (f; CRC); Headache (f; CRC); Infection (f; CRC); Mycosis (f; CRC); Pain (f; CRC); Stomachache (f; CRC); Worm (f; CRC).

Dosage: “All parts may cause severe stomach and intestinal upset. Cases of death have been reported from India. The leaf is toxic. Dry vine emits an eye-irritating dust which may induce coughing and swelling” (CRC).

Contraindications: “All parts may cause severe stomach and intestinal upset. Cases of death have been reported from India. The leaf is toxic. Dry vine emits an eye-irritating dust which may induce coughing and swelling” (CRC).