Herbal Medicine Reference

Synonyms: Cicuta mackenzieana Raup.

Actions: Piscicide (1; WO2); Poison (1; DEM); Sialagogue (1; WO2); Toxic (f; HHB).

Indications: Adenopathy (f; JLH); Cancer (f; JLH); Cancer, gland (f; JLH); Cancer, groin (f; JLH); Cramp (f; HHB); Dermatosis (f; HHB); Dysmenorrhea (f; PH2); Eczema (f; HHB); Encephalosis (f; WO2); Epilepsy (f; HHB; WO2); Induration (f; JLH); Inflammation (f; PH2); Meningosis (f; HHB); Migraine (f; PH2); Pain (f; HHB; PH2); Psychosis (f; HHB); Singultus (f; HHB); Somnambulism (f; WO2); Tetanus (f; HHB); Worm (f; PH2).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP). Unskilled herbalists should steer clear of wild herbs in the carrot family (JAD). 2–3 g root potentially toxic (PH2).

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). Unskilled herbalists should steer clear of wild herbs in the carrot family (JAD). 2–3 g root potentially toxic (PH2).

Synonyms: T. baccata var. aurea Carrière, var. fastigiata (Lindl.) Loudon, var. fastigiata-aurea Sénéclauze, var. washingtonii (Richard Sm.) Beissner, T. canadensis var. washingtonii Richard Sm., T. fastigiata Lindl.

Actions: Abortifacient (f; DEM; HHB; PH2); Antifertility (1; WOI); Antispasmodic (f; DEP); Aphrodisiac (f; DEP; KAB); Arrhythmogenic (1; PH2); Cardioactive (f; PHR); Cardiotoxic (1; PH2); Carminative (f; WOI); CNS-Depressant (1; WOI); Diaphoretic (f; DEM); Diuretic (f; KAB); Emmenagogue (f; DEP; PHR; PH2); Expectorant (f; WOI); Hypotensive (1; HHB); Litholytic (f; DEP); Mydriatic (1; HHB); Narcotic (f; DEP; MAD); Parasiticide (1; HHB); Poison (1; DEP; PH2); Protisticide (1; HHB); Sedative (1; DEP; HH2); Stomachic (f; WOI); Tachycardic (1; PH2); Tranquilizer (1; WOI).

Indications: Amenorrhea (1; MAD; PH2); Angina (f; MAD); Asthma (f; KAB); Biliousness (f; WOI); Bite (f; KAB); Bronchosis (f; KAB); Calculus (f; DEP; WOI); Cancer (1; FAD; JLH); Cancer, breast (1; FAD); Cancer, ovary (1; FAD); Cardiopathy (f; MAD); Chest Cold (f; DEM); Cold (f; DEM); Convulsion (f; DEP); Cough (f; DEM); Cramp (f; DEP; WOI); Croup (f; MAD); Cystosis (f; HHB); Dermatosis (f; HHB; PH2); Diabetes (f; HHB); Diarrhea (f; WOI); Diphtheria (f; HH2; PH2); Dysmenorrhea (f; DEM; HHB); Dyspepsia (f; DEP; PH2); Epilepsy (f;DEP; HHB; PH2; WOI); Erysipelas (f; HHB); Fever (f; DEM); Gas (f; WOI); Gout (f; HHB; MAD); Headache (f; WOI); Hepatosis (f; HHB); Hiccup (f; KAB); High Blood Pressure (1; HHB); Hydrophobia (f; KAB); Hysteria (f; WOI); Impotence (f; DEP); Insomnia (1; DEP; HH2); Ischiosis (f; MAD); Jaundice (f; HHB; MAD); Nephrosis (f; HHB); Nervousness (1; DEP; HH2; WOI); Neuralgia (f; MAD); Numbness (f; DEM); Parasite (1; HHB); Raynaud’s Syndrome (f; WOI); Respirosis (f; DEM); Rheumatism (f; DEM; HHB; MAD); Scabies (f; MAD); Stone (f; DEP); Tapeworm (f; PH2); Tonsilosis (f; PH2); Tuberculosis (f; DEM); Water Retention (f; KAB); Worm (f; HHB); Wound (f; HH2).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM). Warning: ALMOST all plant parts (except possibly the red aril) of this and other yews contain toxic components and are considered potentially fatally poisonous (FAD). 50–100 g needles fresh weight (0.25–0.5 cup) could be fatally toxic, via asphyxiation and diastolic cardiac arrest; symptoms may include cardiac abnormalities, bradycardia, colic, cramps, dyspnea, gastrosis, headache, hypotension, mydriasis, queasiness, ventricular arrhythmia, vertigo, and vomiting (BRU; MAD; HH2; PH2).

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM). Warning: ALMOST all plant parts (except possibly the red aril) of this and other yews contain toxic components and are considered potentially fatally poisonous (FAD). 50–100 g needles fresh weight (0.25–0.5 cup) could be fatally toxic, via asphyxiation and diastolic cardiac arrest; symptoms may include cardiac abnormalities, bradycardia, colic, cramps, dyspnea, gastrosis, headache, hypotension, mydriasis, queasiness, ventricular arrhythmia, vertigo, and vomiting (BRU; MAD; HH2; PH2).

Synonyms: O. acutifolia Rostanski, O. biennis var. sulfurea Kleb., O. chicagoensis Renner ex R. E. Cleland & Blakeslee, O. muricata L., O. pupurata Kleb., O. rubricaulis Kleb., O. suaveolens Pers., Onagra biennis (L.) Scop.

Actions: Antiaging (1; APA); Antiaggregant (1; APA; CAN; PH2); Antiallergic (1; MAB); Antiatherosclerotic (1; PHR); Antiinflammatory (1; APA; MAB; SHT); Antithrombic (1; PH2); Antitumor (1; CAN); Astringent (f; APA); Demulcent (f; MAD); Depurative (f; MAD); Hypocholesterolemic (1; APA; PH2); Hypotensive (1; CAN; MAB; PH2); Lacrimatory (1; CAN); Nutritive (essential fatty acid deficiencies); Sedative (1; APA; FNF); Vasodilator (1; MAB).

Indications: ADD (f; PH2); Alcoholism (1; APA; FAD; MAB); Allergy (1; MAB); Alopecia (f; APA); Alzheimer’s (1; CAN); Anxiety (f; APA); Arthrosis (2; APA; CAN; FAD; PH2); Asthma (1; FAD; PH2); Atherosclerosis (1; PHR); Boil (f; DEM); Bruise (f; DEM; FAD); Cancer (1; CAN); Cardiopathy (1; APA; LAF; MAB); Cholera (f; MAD); Colitis (1; APA; CAN; MAB); Debility (1; DON); Dementia (2; MAB); Dermatosis (1; APA; MAM; PH2; SHT); Diabetes (1; APA; FAD; PH2); Diarrhea (f; MAD); Dysmenorrhea (1; FNF); Dyspepsia (f; MAB); Dyskinesia (1; MAB); Eczema (2; FAD; PH2; SHT); Endometriosis (2; CAN; DON); Enterosis (f; APA; FAD); Erythema (1; MAB); Fibrocystosis (1; DON); Gastrosis (f; APA); Hemorrhoid (f; DEM; FAD); Hepatosis (1; MAB); High Blood Pressure (2; APA; CAN; MAB; PH2); High Cholesterol (1; APA; PH2); Hot Flash (1; MAB; PH2); Hyperactivity (1; PHR); Hypercholesterolemia (1; PHR; PH2); Hyperkinesis (f; PH2); Hyperlipidemia (1; MAB); IBS (1; CAN); Infertility (f; APA); Inflammation (1; APA; FNF; FAD; MAB; SHT); Insomnia (1; APA; FNF); Itch (1; APA; MAM; PHR; SHT); Laziness (f; DEM); Mastosis (2; APA; CAN; FAD; MAB; PH2); Menstrual Distress (f; CAN); Migraine (1; FAD); Multiple Sclerosis (1; APA; CAN); Myosis (f; FAD); Nephrosis (1; CAN); Nervousness (1; APA; FNF); Neurodermatosis (f; PHR; PH2); Neuropathy, diabetic (2; CAN; DON; MAB); Numbness (1; DON); Obesity (f; DEM; FAD); Osteoporosis (2; MAB); Pain (1; PH2); Pertussis (f; APA); PMS (2; APA; CAN; PH2); Prostatosis (2; FAD); Psoriasis (f; MAB); Raynaud’s Syndrome (1; DON; MAB); Rheumatism (2; APA; CAN; FAD); Schizophrenia (1; CAN; MAB); Sjogren’s Syndrome (1; CAN; DON); Stress (1; MAB); Stroke (1; APA; LAF); Swelling (1; APA); Syndrome-X (1; SYN); Tardive Dyskinesia (1; CAN); Thrombosis (1; PH2); Tumor (1; CAN); Xeroderma (1; DON); Wound (f; APA); (Not entertained by Commission E).

Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). The literature looks reasonably clean. I’ve heard from two separate personal cases of women taking it satisfactorily for PMS, that it caused migraine-like headaches which they did not experience before taking EPO. Anecdotal but credible. As one source of tryptophan, which may convert to cerebral serotonin, it can alter brain levels of serotonin, which is involved in some migraine cases. Colic, headache, and nausea may occur in a small percentage of subjects. CAN reports patients with schizophrenia on phenothiazines may experience mild dyspepsia and/or increased risk of epilepsy. They rather give it a green light for breastfeeding mothers, since both linoleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid are normally in breast milk (CAN). The conservative Miller and Murray (1998) book says, “No adverse effects of EPO have been reported. Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity studies of EPO in rats, mice, and dogs revealed no important adverse effects or tumor differences” (MAM). The second edition of the Herbal PDR warns that EPO may possibly lower the seizure threshold in patients being treated with drugs that lower the seizure threshold in schizophrenia. One of the better sources of gamma-linolenic acid, often known as GLA (and to some British as gamolenic acid), and tryptophan (FNF). Two large clinical trials with EPO match clinical relief from cyclical breast pain with bromocriptine and danazol (side effects in ca. 33%) but with virtually no EPO side effects. For PMS, Vitex and nutrients (e.g., magnesium and vitamin B6), are more promising than EPO (DON).

Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). The literature looks reasonably clean. I’ve heard from two separate personal cases of women taking it satisfactorily for PMS, that it caused migraine-like headaches which they did not experience before taking EPO. Anecdotal but credible. As one source of tryptophan, which may convert to cerebral serotonin, it can alter brain levels of serotonin, which is involved in some migraine cases. Colic, headache, and nausea may occur in a small percentage of subjects. CAN reports patients with schizophrenia on phenothiazines may experience mild dyspepsia and/or increased risk of epilepsy. They rather give it a green light for breastfeeding mothers, since both linoleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid are normally in breast milk (CAN). The conservative Miller and Murray (1998) book says, “No adverse effects of EPO have been reported. Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity studies of EPO in rats, mice, and dogs revealed no important adverse effects or tumor differences” (MAM). The second edition of the Herbal PDR warns that EPO may possibly lower the seizure threshold in patients being treated with drugs that lower the seizure threshold in schizophrenia. One of the better sources of gamma-linolenic acid, often known as GLA (and to some British as gamolenic acid), and tryptophan (FNF). Two large clinical trials with EPO match clinical relief from cyclical breast pain with bromocriptine and danazol (side effects in ca. 33%) but with virtually no EPO side effects. For PMS, Vitex and nutrients (e.g., magnesium and vitamin B6), are more promising than EPO (DON).

Synonyms: Boymia ruticarpa A. Juss., Euodia bodinieri Dode, E. ruticarpa (A. Juss.) Benth., E. ruticarpa var. bodinieri (Dode) C. C. Huang.

Actions: Analgesic (f; DAA; LMP); Anthelminthic (f; DAA; LMP); Antibacterial (1; M&I44:9); Anticancer (1; DAA); Antiedemic (1; DAA); Antifertility (f; DAA); Antihelicobacter (1; M&I44:9); Antiinflammatory (1; DAA); Antipyretic (f; LMP); Antiseptic (1; DAA; FNF); Antiviral (1; DAA); Astringent (f; LMP); Carminative (f; DAA; LMP); CNS-Stimulant (1; JNP59:374); Decongestant (f; DAA); Deobstruent (f; LMP); Diuretic (f; DAA; LMP); Hypertensive (1; DAA; LMP); Laxative (f; LMP); Positive Chronotropic (1; JNP59:374); Positive Inotropic (1; JNP59:374); Sedative (f; LMP); Stimulant (f; DAA; LMP); Stomachic (f; DAA; LMP); Tonic (f; LMP); Uterotonic (1; DAA); Vasodilator (1; JNP59:374).

Indications: Amenorrhea (1; ABS; DAA); Bacteria (1; ABS; M&I44:9); Beriberi (f; DAA); Bleeding (f; ABS); Boil (f; LMP); Cancer (1; DAA); Chill (f; DAA); Cold (f; DAA); Congestion (f; DAA); Cramp (f; DAA); Dermatosis (f; LMP); Diarrhea (f; DAA; HHB; LMP); Dropsy (f; LMP); Dysentery (f; LMP); Dysmenorrhea (f; DAA); Edema (f; DAA); Enterosis (f; DAA); Fever (f; LMP); Gas (f; DAA; LMP); Gastrosis (f; DAA); Helicobacter (1; M&I44:9); Hiccup (f; LMP); Infection (1; ABS; DAA); Infertility (f; DAA); Inflammation (1; DAA); Insomnia (f; LMP); Jaundice (f; LMP); Low Blood Pressure (1; DAA; LMP); Nausea (f; LMP); Nervousness (f; LMP); Orchosis (f; DAA); Pain (f; DAA; LMP); Rheumatism (f; LMP); Sterility (f; DAA); Swelling (f; DAA); Tapeworm (f; LMP); Ulcer (1; ABS); Virus (1; DAA); Water Retention (f; DAA; LMP)

Dosage: Class 2d (AHP). Do not exceed recommended dose (3–9 g/day as tea) (AHP). Not covered (BGB; PH2). “Destroys the vital fluids and impairs vision” (LMP).

Contraindications: Class 2d (AHP). Do not exceed recommended dose (3–9 g/day as tea) (AHP). Not covered (BGB; PH2). “Destroys the vital fluids and impairs vision” (LMP).

Synonyms:

Actions: Alterative (f; PED); Antibacterial (f; PED); Antiinflammatory (1; APA; SKY; WAM); Antiseptic (f; PED); Astringent (1; APA; EFS; SKY); Collyrium (f; CRC); Hepatotonic (f; PED); Laxative (f; CRC; EFS); Mucolytic (1; WAM); Tonic (f; CRC; EFS).

Indications: Allergy (1; WAM); Asthma (f; CRC); Bacteria (f; PED); Blepharosis (f; APA; PH2; SKY); Blindness (f; CRC); Bronchosis (f; CRC); Cancer (f; CRC; JLH); Catarrh (f; CRC; PH2); Cold (1; APA; CRC; WAM); Conjunctivosis (1; APA; PH2; SKY; WAM); Congestion (f; APA); Constipation (f; CRC; EFS); Cough (f; APA; CRC; HHB; PH2); Dermatosis (f; CRC); Eczema (f; CRC); Epilepsy (f; CRC); Hay Fever (f; CRC); Headache (f; CRC); Herpes (f; CRC); Hoarseness (f; APA; HHB; PH2); Inflammation (1; APA; CRC; PH2; SKY; WAM); Jaundice (f; CRC); Keratosis (f; CRC; HHB); Mucososis (f; CRC; PH2); Nervousness (f; PH2); Neurasthenia (f; PH2); Ophthalmia (f; APA; CRC; PH2); Otosis (f; CRC); Rhinosis (f; APA; CRC); Scab (f; CRC); Scrofula (f; CRC); Sinusosis (f; CAN); Sore Throat (f; APA; CRC); Stye (f; APA; WAF); Virus (f; CRC); Wound (f; CRC).

Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). None known (WAM). 10–60 drops of tincture may cause constipation, cough, diaphoresis, dyspnea, headache,insomnia, itch, lacrimation, mental confusion, nausea, photophobia, polyuria, sneezing, toothache, and raised intraocular pressure (CAN). Health risks or side effects following the proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages are not recorded (PH2). Many authors advise against using non-sterile eye drops of any kind. Its safety during pregnancy and lactation has not been proven (SKY).

Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). None known (WAM). 10–60 drops of tincture may cause constipation, cough, diaphoresis, dyspnea, headache,insomnia, itch, lacrimation, mental confusion, nausea, photophobia, polyuria, sneezing, toothache, and raised intraocular pressure (CAN). Health risks or side effects following the proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages are not recorded (PH2). Many authors advise against using non-sterile eye drops of any kind. Its safety during pregnancy and lactation has not been proven (SKY).

Synonyms:

Actions: Antialcoholic (2; HAD); Antiangiogenic (1; FNF); Antiparkinsonian (2; FNF); Aphrodisiac (1; BIB; FNF); Cyanogenic (f; BIB); Dopaminergic (2; HAD); Diuretic (1; ABS; BIB); Estrogenic (2; BIB; HAD; WOI); Expectorant (f; BIB); Hemolytic (1; PHR); Hypertensive (1; PH2); Natriuretic (1; ABS); Stomachic (f; BIB); Tonic (f; BIB).

Indications: Adenopathy (f; JLH); Alcoholism (2; HAD); Bronchosis (1; FNF); Burn (f; PHR); Callus (f; JLH); Cancer (1; FNF); Cancer, breast (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, eyelid (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, foot (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, gland (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, liver (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, penis (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, spleen (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, stomach (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, testes (1; FNF; JLH); Corn (f; JLH); Cough (f; PHR; PH2); Dermatosis (f; PHR; PH2); Drunkenness (2; BIB; FNF); Encephalosis (1; FNF); Fungus (1; WOI); Gastrosis (f; JLH); Hepatosis (f; JLH); Impotence (1; BIB; FNF); Induration (f; JLH); Leukemia (1; FNF); Low Blood Pressure (1; PH2); Mastosis (f; JLH); Melanoma (1; FNF); Mycosis (1; WOI); Nephrosis (f; PHR; PH2); Ophthalmia (f; JLH); Orchosis (f; JLH); Osteoporosis (1; FNF); Parkinson’s Disease (2; FNF); Pneumonia (f; BIB); Pulmonosis (f; BIB); Sclerosis (f; BIB); Splenosis (f; JLH); Stomatosis (f; BIB); Swelling (f; BIB; JLH); Tumor (1; BIB); Urogenitosis (f; PH2); Wart (f; BIB; PH2); Water Retention (1; ABS; BIB); Wen (f; JLH).

Dosage: Not covered by AHP or Commission E. Inhaling pollen or ingesting seeds may, occasionally, cause favism, an especially severe hemolytic anemia, an inherited enzymatic deficiency (glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase) among Mediterranean people (Greek, Italian, and Semitic people). Injected intravenously in rabbits, broadbean extracts have produced hemoglobinuria and death (BIB). Overdosage, especially in genetically susceptible individuals, can rapidly lead to diarrhea, queasiness, vertigo, and vomiting. In more severe cases: anuria, fever, hemoglobinuria, icterus, and/or oliguria. Following ingestion and digestion, pyrimidine derivatives in high doses can cause hemolysis (PHR). L-dopa may cause a rise in blood pressure (PHR). L-dopa is contraindicated if you have heart, liver, lung, kidney, or thyroid problems; glaucoma; or are taking vitamin B6, antidepressants (especially MAOIs), and antipsychotic drugs. L-dopa may activate malignant melanomas, which, however, can be checked by 100 mg/day coumarin, found in the tonka bean. Extracts (Faba Bean) — Estrogenic activity of fresh beans is equivalent to 11.4 μg estradiol monobenzoate/kg. The ethanol-ether extract of the seeds at a 50-mg dose level stimulated nonpregnant uterus at diestrus (WOI). “The immature seeds exhibited appreciable antifungal activity; phytoalexins came into play to combat the infection” (WOI). L-dopa LD50 = 609 ppm (orl rbt); LD50 = 3650 ppm (orl mouse); LD50 = 4000 ppm (orl rat) (FNF).

Contraindications: Not covered by AHP or Commission E. Inhaling pollen or ingesting seeds may, occasionally, cause favism, an especially severe hemolytic anemia, an inherited enzymatic deficiency (glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase) among Mediterranean people (Greek, Italian, and Semitic people). Injected intravenously in rabbits, broadbean extracts have produced hemoglobinuria and death (BIB). Overdosage, especially in genetically susceptible individuals, can rapidly lead to diarrhea, queasiness, vertigo, and vomiting. In more severe cases: anuria, fever, hemoglobinuria, icterus, and/or oliguria. Following ingestion and digestion, pyrimidine derivatives in high doses can cause hemolysis (PHR). L-dopa may cause a rise in blood pressure (PHR). L-dopa is contraindicated if you have heart, liver, lung, kidney, or thyroid problems; glaucoma; or are taking vitamin B6, antidepressants (especially MAOIs), and antipsychotic drugs. L-dopa may activate malignant melanomas, which, however, can be checked by 100 mg/day coumarin, found in the tonka bean. Extracts (Faba Bean) — Estrogenic activity of fresh beans is equivalent to 11.4 μg estradiol monobenzoate/kg. The ethanol-ether extract of the seeds at a 50-mg dose level stimulated nonpregnant uterus at diestrus (WOI). “The immature seeds exhibited appreciable antifungal activity; phytoalexins came into play to combat the infection” (WOI). L-dopa LD50 = 609 ppm (orl rbt); LD50 = 3650 ppm (orl mouse); LD50 = 4000 ppm (orl rat) (FNF).

Synonyms:

Actions: Bitter (f; PH2); Emetic (f; PH2); Diuretic (1; EFS; HHB); Laxative (1; EFS; PH2); Vermifuge (f; EFS; HHB).

Indications: Amenorrhea (f; HHB); Ascites (f; HHB; MAD); Bronchosis (f; HHB); Catarrh (f; HHB; MAD; PH2); Constipation (1; EFS; PH2); Cough (f; PH2); Diarrhea (f; HHB; PH2); Dropsy (f; PH2); Dysuria (f; PH2); Edema (f; PH2); Hemorrhoid (f; HHB; PH2); Hepatosis (f; EFS; HHB; MAD); Oliguria (f; PH2); Rheumatism (f; HHB; MAD; PH2); Water Retention (1; EFS; HHB); Worm (f; EFS; HHB; PH2).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). Small doses are laxative; larger doses are emetic and laxative, causing gastroenterosis.

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2). Small doses are laxative; larger doses are emetic and laxative, causing gastroenterosis.

Synonyms: Uvaria japonica L.

Actions: Analgesic (f; PH2); Anticancer (f; PH2); Antiinflammatory (f; PH2); Antispasmodic (f; PH2); Hepatoprotective (f; PH2).

Indications: Asthma (f; PH2); Cancer (f; PH2); Cough (f; PH2); Cramp (f; PH2); Diarrhea (f; PH2); Dysmenorrhea (f; PH2); Enuresis (f; PH2); Inflammation (f; PH2); Insomnia (f; PH2); Night Sweats (f; PH2); Osteosis (f; PH2); Pain (f; PH2); Spermatorrhea (f; PH2); Stomachache (f; PH2); Swelling (f; PH2).

Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2).

Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2).

Synonyms: Helonias dioica; and in the PH2, Veratrum luteum.

Actions: Antihydrotic (f; HHB); Aperitif (f; FAD); Diuretic (f; APA; EFS; PH2); Emetic (f; APA); Emmenagogue (1; APA; EFS; FNF); Estrogenic (1; APA; FNF); Laxative (f; APA); Mastogenic (1; FNF); Oxytocic (1; PH2); Tonic (f; APA); Uterotonic (1; FAD; FNF; MAD); Vermifuge (1; EFS; PH2).

Indications: Albuminuria (f; MAD); Amenorrhea (1; APA; FNF; MAD); Anemia (f; MAD); Anorexia (f; FAD); Backache (f; MAD); Cervicosis (f; MAD); Childbirth (f; MAD); Climacteric (f; HHB); Colic (f; FAD); Constipation (f; APA); Cystosis (f; MAD); Debility (f; MAD); Dysmenorrhea (1; APA; FNF; PH2); Dyspepsia (f; APA; FAD); Endometriosis (f; MAD); Fever (f; APA; HHB); Hepatosis (f; APA); Infertility (1; APA; FNF); Leukorrhea (f; APA; MAD); Menopause (1; APA; FNF); Menorrhagia (f; MAD); Metritis (f; MAD); Miscarriage (threatened) (1; APA; FNF); Morning Sickness (1; CAN; FNF); Nephrosis (f; MAD); Neurasthenia (f; MAD); Pain (f; APA); Parturition (1; APA; FNF); Pregnancy (f; PH2); Prolapse (f; MAD); Prostatosis (f; APA); Spermatorrhea (f; HHB); Uterosis (f; MAD); Water Retention (f; APA; EFS; PH2); Worm (f; APA; EFS; FAD; PH2); (not considered by KOM; PH2).

Dosage: Class 2b. Emmenagogue, GI irritant, and uterotonic (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Overdosage with saponins can cause gastric distress. Large doses may cause nausea and vomiting (CAN). Avoid during pregnancy (FAD; PH2). Canadian regulations do not allow it as an ingredient in oral use products (Michols, 1995).

Contraindications: Class 2b. Emmenagogue, GI irritant, and uterotonic (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Overdosage with saponins can cause gastric distress. Large doses may cause nausea and vomiting (CAN). Avoid during pregnancy (FAD; PH2). Canadian regulations do not allow it as an ingredient in oral use products (Michols, 1995).

Synonyms:

Actions: Analgesic (1; DAA); Antiaggregant (1; KEB); Antiallergic (f; KEB); Antianginal (2; KEB); Antiarrhythmic (1; KEB); Antiasthmatic (f; KEB); Antiatherogenic (1; KEB); Anticollagen (f; KEB); Antiedemic (f; DAA); Antifibrotic (2; KEB); Antiinflammatory (1; DAA); Antileukotriene (1; KEB); Antioxidant (1; KEB); Antiphagocytotic (1; KEB); Antipyretic (f; DAA); Antirheumatic (1; KEB); Antiseptic (1; DAA); Antithromboxane (f; KEB); Antitumor (1; DAA); Calcium Antagonist (1; KEB); Carminative (f; DAA); Diuretic (f; DAA); Hypotensive (2; KEB); Immunodepressant (f; KEB); Laxative (f; DAA); Myorelaxant (1; KEB); NKC-inhibitor (1; KEB); NO-Inhibitor (1; KEB).

Indications: Allergy (f; KEB); Amebiasis (2; KEB); Angina (2; KEB); Arrhythmia (1; KEB); Arthrosis (1; DAA; KEB); Asthma (f; KEB); Atherosclerosis (1; KEB); Autoimmunism (f; KEB); Cancer (1; DAA); Carbuncles (f, DAA); Constipation (f; DAA); Diabetes (1; KEB); Dysentery (2; KEB); Dysuria (f; KEB); Edema (f; DAA); Encephalosis (1; KEB); Fever (f; DAA); Fibrosis (2; KEB); Gas (f; DAA); High Blood Pressure (2; KEB); IDDM (1; KEB); Inflammation (1; DAA); Lumbago (f; DAA); Myalgia (f; DAA); Neuralgia (f; DAA); Pain (1; DAA); Pulmonosis (f; KEB); Rheumatism (1; DAA; KEB); Scabies (f; DAA); Silicosis (2; KEB); Swelling (f; DAA); Tumor (1; DAA); Uveosis (1; KEB); Water Retention (f; DAA).

Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). Canadian regulations do not allow fang ji as a nonmedicinal ingredient in oral use products (AHP); too often adulterated with nephrotoxic species of Aristolochia (AHP). Tetrandrine is hypotensive at 100 mg 3 ×/day (oral) for a week. That equates to 10–20 g herb/day (KEB).

Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). Canadian regulations do not allow fang ji as a nonmedicinal ingredient in oral use products (AHP); too often adulterated with nephrotoxic species of Aristolochia (AHP). Tetrandrine is hypotensive at 100 mg 3 ×/day (oral) for a week. That equates to 10–20 g herb/day (KEB).