| English Name | Botanical Name | More Info |
|---|---|---|
| GRANADILLA | Passiflora quadrangularis | |
|
Synonyms: P. macrocarpa Mast., P. quadrangularis var. variegata. Actions: Abortifacient (f; DAV); Cardiodepressant (f; DAV); CNS-Depressant (f; CRC; DAV); Cyanogenic (f; JFM); Decongestant (f; DAV); Depurative (f; DAV); Diuretic (f; CRC); Emetic (f; CRC; JFM); Emollient (f; CRC; DAV); Hypnotic (1; JFM); Narcotic (1; DAV; JFM); Poison (f; JFM); Sedative (f; DAV); Stomachic (f; CRC); Vermifuge (f; CRC). Indications: Arthrosis (f; DAV); Bruise (f; DAV); Congestion (f; DAV); Dermatosis (f; CRC; IED); Diabetes (f; CRC; DAV); Dysuria (f; CRC); Fever (f; IED); Fracture (f; DAV); Headache (f; CRC); Hepatosis (f; CRC; DAV); High Blood Pressure (f; CRC; DAV); Hoarseness (f; DAV); Inflammation (f; DAV; JFM); Insomnia (f; DAV); Malaria (f; IED); Nervousness (f; DAV); Neuralgia (f; DAV); Rash (f; IED); Sore Throat (f; DAV); Sore (f; IED); Uvulosis (f; DAV); Water Retention (f; CRC); Worm (f; CRC). Dosage: Contains noradrenalin (DAV). Contraindications: Contains noradrenalin (DAV). |
||
| GRAPE | Vitis vinifera | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Analgesic (1; BIB; FNF); Antiaggregant (1; FNF); Antiallergic (1; FNF); Antialopecic (1; PH2); Antialzheimeran (1; COX; FNF); Antianaphylactic (1; FNF); Antiarthritic (1; COX; FNF); Antiasthmatic (1; FNF); Antiatherosclerotic (1; FNF; PH2); Antibacterial (1; FNF); Anticancer (1; COX; FNF); Anticapillary Fragility (1; FNF); Anticariogenic (1; APA); Antiedemic (1; FNF); Antierythemic (1; FNF); Antihistaminic (1; FNF); Anti-HIV (1; FNF); Antiinflammatory (1; COX; FNF); Antimutagenic (1; FNF; MB); Antioxidant; (1; APA; FNF; PH2; X10820088); Antiprostaglandin (1; FNF); Antiseptic (1; FNF); Antitumor (1; PH2); Antiulcer (1; FNF); Antiviral (1; FNF); Aphrodisiac (f; BIB; KAB); Astringent (1; BIB); Cardioprotective (1; FNF); Collagen Protective (1; APA); COX-1 Inhibitor (1; FNF); COX-2 Inhibitor (1; COX; FNF); Demulcent (f; BIB; EFS); Depurative (f; BIB); Diuretic (f; BIB; EFS); Expectorant (f; BIB); Fungicide (1; FNF); Hemostat (1; EFS; FNF); Hepatoprotective (1; FNF; PH2); Hypocholesterolemic (1; FNF); Immunostimulant (1; FNF); Laxative (f; BIB); Litholytic (f; BIB); Propecic (1; PH2); Radioprotective (1; X10820088); Stomachic (f; BIB); Tonic (f; BIB); Sunscreen (1; FNF); Vasoprotective (1; APA). Indications: Allergy (1; FNF); Alopecia (1; PH2); Alzheimer’s (1; COX; FNF); Anaphylaxis (1; FNF); Anemia (f; PH2); Arthrosis (1; BIB; COX; FNF); Asthma (1; BIB; FNF); Atherosclerosis (1; FNF; PH2); Bacteria (1; FNF); Biliousness (f; BIB); Bladder Stone (f; BIB); Bleeding (1; BIB; EFS; FEL; FNF; HHB); Boil (f; SKJ); Bruise (1; BRU); Cachexia (f; BIB); Cancer (1; COX; FNF; MB; PH2); Cancer, abdomen (1; DAD; FNF); Cancer, colon (1; DAD; FNF); Cancer, ear (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, liver (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, neck (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, nose (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, testicle (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, throat (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, tonsil (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, uterus (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, uvula (1; FNF; JLH); Capillary Fragility (1; BRU; FNF; PH2); Cardiopathy (1; BIB; FNF); Caries (1; FNF; MB); Cholera (f; BIB); Circulosis (f; PH2); Condyloma (f; JLH); Conjunctivosis (f; BRU); Corn (f; JLH); Constipation (f; BIB); Cough (f; DAA); Cramp (1; BIB; PH2); CVI (1; PH2; X10356940); Cyanosis (f; PH2); Dermatosis (f; BIB; KAB; PH2); Diabetes (1; PH2); Diarrhea (f; FEL; PH2; WOI); Diphtheria (f; BIB); Dropsy (f; DAD; PH2); Dysentery (f; FEL; HHB); Dysuria (f; PH2); Edema (1; FNF; PH2); Fever (f; FEL; PH2); Fibroid (f; JLH); Fibroma (f; PH2); Fungus (1; DAD; FNF); Gastrosis (1; FNF); Gonorrhea (f; PH2); Gout (1; FNF); Hangover (f; BIB); Headache (f; KAB; PH2); Hemorrhoid (f; BRU; DAD; PH2); Hepatosis (1; BIB; JLH; FNF); Herpes (1; BIB); High Blood Pressure (f; BIB); High Cholesterol (1; FNF); HIV (1; FNF); Hoarseness (f; DAA; PH2); Hyperacidity (f; FEL); Immunodepression (1; FNF); Induration (f; JLH); Infection (1; FNF); Inflammation (1; BIB; COX; FNF); Jaundice (f; BIB); Maculosis (1; FNF); Mycosis (1; DAD; FNF); Nausea (f; BIB; PH2); Nephrosis (f; DAA; PH2); Nervousness (f; PH2); Nyctalopia (1; FNF; PH2); Ophthalmia (1; BIB; KAB; PH2); Orchosis (f; BIB); Pain (1; BIB; FNF; PH2); Parathesia (1; PH2); Polyp (f; JLH); Retinosis (1; FNF; PH2); Rheumatism (f; HHB); Rhinosis (f; JLH); Scabies (f; BIB); Scirrhus (f; JLH); Smallpox (f; BIB); Sore Throat (f; PH2; WOI); Splenosis (f; DAD); Stomachache (f; PH2); Stomatosis (f; BIB); Stone (f; BIB); Stress (f; PH2); Swelling (1; FNF; PH2); Syphilis (f; BIB; KAB); Telangiectasis (1; FNF; MB); Thirst (f; PH2); Tonsilosis (f; JLH); Toothache (f; PH2); Tuberculosis (f; DAA; EFS; PH2); Tumor (1; PH2); Ulcer (1; FNF); Varicosis (1; FNF; MB); Virus (1; BIB; FNF); Wart (f; PH2); Water Retention (f; BIB; EFS); Wound (1; FNF); Wrinkle (1; FNF). Dosage: None yet known. Not in (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Extracts (Grape) — In general, agricultural selection breeds out some of the natural pesticides, such as resveratrol, which also have many interesting biological activities. The recent ACS book, Wine, Nutritional and Therapeutic Benefits, heaps praise on resveratrol, failing to tell us that there is 10–100 times more in the leaves, and I suspect seeds, than in the fruit pulp and wines. The seeds have only recently come to the market and clinical trials are few and far between. On the other hand, the fruits contain more than 30 types of anthocyanins. Small wonder that grapejuice has four times the ORAC score of any other fruit juice studied (JNU). Contraindications: None yet known. Not in (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Extracts (Grape) — In general, agricultural selection breeds out some of the natural pesticides, such as resveratrol, which also have many interesting biological activities. The recent ACS book, Wine, Nutritional and Therapeutic Benefits, heaps praise on resveratrol, failing to tell us that there is 10–100 times more in the leaves, and I suspect seeds, than in the fruit pulp and wines. The seeds have only recently come to the market and clinical trials are few and far between. On the other hand, the fruits contain more than 30 types of anthocyanins. Small wonder that grapejuice has four times the ORAC score of any other fruit juice studied (JNU). |
||
| GRAPEFRUIT | Citrus x paradisi | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Antioxidant (1; JNU); Antinitrosaminic (1; JNU); Antiseptic (1; DAD); Aperitif (1; WO2); Cardiotonic (1; DAD); Detoxicant (1; JNU); Hypocholesterolemic (1; JNU); Sedative (1; DAD); Stomachic (1; DAD). Indications: Anorexia (1; WO2); Bacteria (1; DAD); BPH (1; DAD); Cacoethes (f; JLH); Cancer (1; DAD); Cancer, breast (1; JNU); Cancer, colon (1; JNU); Cancer, prostate (1; DAD);Cancer, lung (1; JNU); Cancer, skin (1; JNU); Cancer, throat (1; FNF; JLH); Candida (1; DAD); Cold (1; DAD); Diabetes (1; DAD); Dysuria (1; DAD); Fungus (1; DAD); High Cholesterol (1; JNU); Infection (1; DAD); Insomnia (1; DAD); Mycobacterium (1; DAD); Mycosis (1; DAD); Nervousness (1; DAD); Pseudomonas (1; DAD); Rheumatism (1; DAD); Staphylococcus (1; DAD); Yeast (1; DAD). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PHZ). The fruit and juice can potentiate many drugs dramatically and sometimes dangerously with poisonous pharmaceuticals with narrow therapeutic ranges. This potential should be studied and standardized to lower required dosages of those noted pharmaceuticals. Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PHZ). The fruit and juice can potentiate many drugs dramatically and sometimes dangerously with poisonous pharmaceuticals with narrow therapeutic ranges. This potential should be studied and standardized to lower required dosages of those noted pharmaceuticals. |
||
| GRAPE SEED | Vitis vinifera | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Antiaggregant (1; FNF); Antiallergic (1; FNF); Antialzheimeran (1; COX; FNF); Antianaphylactic (1; FNF); Antiarthritic (1; COX; FNF); Antiasthmatic (1; FNF); Antiatherogenic (1; FNF); Antibacterial (1; FNF); Anticancer (1; COX; FNF); Anticapillary Fragility (1; FNF); Anticariogenic (1; APA); Antiedemic (1; FNF); Antierythemic (1; FNF); Antihistaminic (1; FNF); Anti-HIV (1; FNF); Antiinflammatory (1; COX; FNF); Antimutagenic (1; FNF; MB); Antioxidant; (1; APA; FNF; MB); Antiprostaglandin (1; FNF); Antiseptic (1; FNF); Antiulcer (1; FNF); Antiviral (1; FNF); Cardioprotective (1; FNF); Collagen Protective (1; APA); COX-1 Inhibitor (1; FNF); COX-2 Inhibitor (1; COX; FNF); Fungicide (1; FNF); Hemostat (1; FNF); Hepatoprotective (1; FNF); Hypocholesterolemic (1; FNF); Immunostimulant (1; FNF); Sunscreen (1; FNF); Vasoprotective (1; APA). Indications: Allergy (1; FNF); Alzheimer’s (1; COX; FNF); Anaphylaxis (1; FNF); Arthrosis (1; COX; FNF); Asthma (1; FNF); Atherosclerosis (1; FNF); Bacteria (1; FNF); Bleeding (1; FNF); Cancer (1; COX; FNF; MB); Capillary Fragility (1; FNF; MB); Cardiopathy (1; FNF); Caries (1; FNF; MB); Edema (1; FNF); Fungus (1; FNF); Hepatosis (1; FNF); High Cholesterol (1; FNF); HIV (1; FNF); Gastrosis (1; FNF); Gout (1; FNF); Immunodepression (1; FNF); Infection (1; FNF); Inflammation (1; COX; FNF); Maculosis (1; FNF); Mycosis (1; FNF); Nyctalopia (1; FNF); Retinosis (1; FNF); Sunburn (1; FNF); Swelling (1; FNF); Telangiectasis (1; FNF; MB); Ulcer (1; FNF); Varicosis (1; FNF; MB); Virus (1; FNF); Wound (1; FNF); Wrinkle (1; FNF). Dosage: In general, agricultural selection breeds out some of the natural pesticides, such as resveratrol, which also have many interesting biological activities. The recent ACS book, Wine, Nutritional and Therapeutic Benefits, heaps praise on resveratrol, failing to tell us that there is 10–100 times more in the leaves, and I suspect seeds, than in the fruit pulp and wines. The seeds have only recently come to the market and clinical trials are few and far between. On the other hand, the fruits contain more than 30 types of anthocyanins. Small wonder that grapejuice has four times the ORAC score of any other fruit juice studied (JNU). Contraindications: In general, agricultural selection breeds out some of the natural pesticides, such as resveratrol, which also have many interesting biological activities. The recent ACS book, Wine, Nutritional and Therapeutic Benefits, heaps praise on resveratrol, failing to tell us that there is 10–100 times more in the leaves, and I suspect seeds, than in the fruit pulp and wines. The seeds have only recently come to the market and clinical trials are few and far between. On the other hand, the fruits contain more than 30 types of anthocyanins. Small wonder that grapejuice has four times the ORAC score of any other fruit juice studied (JNU). |
||
| GRAVEL ROOT | Eupatorium purpureum | |
|
Synonyms: Eupatoriadelphus purpureus (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. Actions: Antidote (f; DEM); Antilithic (f; FAD); Antirheumatic (f; PNC); Depurative (f; DEM); Diaphoretic (f; CEB); Diuretic (f; PNC); Hypoglycemic (1; TOM); Laxative (f; DEM); Stimulant (f; PNC). Indications: Arthrosis (f; JAD); Asthma (f; FAD); Bright’s Disease (f; TOM); Burn (f; DEM); Calculus (f; CEB; FAD); Cancer (f; JAD); Childbirth (f; DEM); Cold (f; DEM);Constipation (f; DEM); Cough (f; FAD); Cystosis (f; PNC; TOM); Dropsy (f; FAD); Dysuria (f; DEM; PNC); Fever (f; CEB; DEM); Gout (f; CEB; FAD; TOM); Gravel (f; CEB; DEM); Headache (f; TOM); Hysteria (f; DEM); Impotence (f; FAD); Incontinence (f; FAD); Inflammation (f; CEB); Jaundice (f; CEB); Miscarriage (f; DEM); Nephrosis (f; DEM); Neuralgia (f; TOM); Rheumatism (f; DEM; PNC); Sprain (f; DEM); Stone (f; FAD); Typhus (f; CEB; JAD); Urethrosis (f; DEM; FAD); Uterosis (f; FAD); UTI (f; FAD); Water Retention (f; PNC); Wound (f; DEM). Dosage: Class 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d. Longterm use discouraged (AHP). Effective July 1996, the AHP Board of Trustees recommends that all products with botanical ingredient(s) containing toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, including Borago officinalis, display the following cautionary statement on the label, “For external use only. Do not apply to broken or abraded skin. Do not use when nursing†(AHP). Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) have genotoxic, carcinogenic, and hepatotoxic activity (CAN). Because of the PAs, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. Animal studies document placental transfer and secretion into breast milk of unsaturated PAs (CAN). Contraindications: Class 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d. Longterm use discouraged (AHP). Effective July 1996, the AHP Board of Trustees recommends that all products with botanical ingredient(s) containing toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, including Borago officinalis, display the following cautionary statement on the label, “For external use only. Do not apply to broken or abraded skin. Do not use when nursing†(AHP). Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) have genotoxic, carcinogenic, and hepatotoxic activity (CAN). Because of the PAs, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. Animal studies document placental transfer and secretion into breast milk of unsaturated PAs (CAN). |
||
| GRAY WALLFLOWER | Erysimum diffusum | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Negative Chronotropic (1; PH2); Positive Inotropic (1; PH2). Indications: Cardiopathy (f; HHB; PH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). |
||
| GREATER GALANGAL | Alpinia galanga | |
|
Synonyms: Languas galanga (L.) Stuntz., Maranta galanga L. Historically interchangeable with the lesser galangal, A. officinarum, and possibly galanga, Kaempferia galanga. All three are treated separately by the USDA nomenclature database. Actions: Antiamphetamine (f; WO2); Antibacterial (1; HHB; MPI; WO2); Antiinflammatory (1; WO2); Antiperistaltic (1; WO2); Antipyretic (1; MPI); Antiseptic (1; HHB); Antispasmodic (1; WO2); Antitubercular (1; MPI; WO2); Antiulcer (1; WO2); Aphrodisiac (f; HHB); Carminative (f; HHB; WO2); CNS Depressant (1; WO2); Digestive (f; EFS); Diuretic (1; WO2); Expectorant (f; EFS); Hypotensive (1; HHB); Insecticide (1; WO2); Protisticide (1; HHB); Respiradepressant (1; HHB); Respirastimulant (1; HHB); Sternutator (f; WO2); Stimulant (f; EFS; HHB); Stomachic (f; HHB); Tonic (f; HHB). Indications: Bacteria (1; HHB; MPI; WO2); Bronchosis (f; HHB); Catarrh (f; HHB; MPI); Childbirth (f; DAA); Colic (f; DAA; WO2); Cough (f; WO2); Cramp (1; WO2); Diabetes (f; HHB); Diarrhea (f; DAA); Dyspnea (f; HHB); Earache (f; DAA); Enterosis (f; WO2); Fever (1; MPI); Gas (f; HHB; WO2); Gastrosis (f; WO2); High Blood Pressure (1; HHB); Infection (1; HHB); Inflammation (1; WO2); Nausea (f; DAA); Protozoa (1; HHB); Pulmonosis (f; HHB); Rheumatism (f; HHB); Tuberculosis (1; MPI; WO2); Ulcer (1; WO2); Water Retention (1; WO2). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). Not covered (PH2).The alcoholic extract of the rhizome lowered temperature in mice and potentiated amphetamine toxicity (MPI). EO of the rhizome inhibited Mycobacterium tuberculosis at 25 mg/ml. It was more potent against gram-negative bacteria (at 0.4–0.6 mg/ml). LD50 of the oil in guinea pigs was 0.68 ml/kg (mode of administration not stated) (MPI). 1’-acetoxychavicol- acetate and 1’-acetoxyeugenol-acetate are powerful antiulcer agents (WO2). Steam volatile portion of rhizome extracts stimulated the bronchial glands; the nonvolatile portion acted reflexly through the gastric mucosa. Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). Not covered (PH2).The alcoholic extract of the rhizome lowered temperature in mice and potentiated amphetamine toxicity (MPI). EO of the rhizome inhibited Mycobacterium tuberculosis at 25 mg/ml. It was more potent against gram-negative bacteria (at 0.4–0.6 mg/ml). LD50 of the oil in guinea pigs was 0.68 ml/kg (mode of administration not stated) (MPI). 1’-acetoxychavicol- acetate and 1’-acetoxyeugenol-acetate are powerful antiulcer agents (WO2). Steam volatile portion of rhizome extracts stimulated the bronchial glands; the nonvolatile portion acted reflexly through the gastric mucosa. |
||
| GREATER PERIWINKLE | Vinca major | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Anticholinesterase (1; HH2); Antihemorrhagic (1; WOI); Antilactagogue (f; WOI); Astringent (1; GMH); Hypotensive (1; HH2); Laxative (f; GMH); Negative Inotropic (1; HH2); Parasympatholytic (1; HH2); Positive Inotropic (1; HH2); Tonic (f; GMH). Indications: Bleeding (1; GMH; WOI); Cardiopathy (1; HH2); Congestion (f; GMH); Constipation (f; GMH); Convulsion (f; GMH); Cramp (f; GMH); Diarrhea (f; GMH); Enterosis (f; GMH); Enuresis (f; HH2); Epistaxis (f; GMH); Hemorrhoid (f; HH2; GMH); High Blood Pressure (1; HH2); Hysteria (f; GMH); Leukorrhea (f; HH2); Menorrhagia (1; HH2; GMH); Nightmare (f; GMH); Pulmonosis (f; GMH); Sore Throat (f; GMH); Tonsilosis (f; GMH). Dosage: Aqueous extract (1.82 g leaf/50 ml water reduces in vitro (in human serum) cholinesterase activity by 50% (HH2). Mix of vincamine and vincine lower blood pressure IC27–40 = 5–10 mg/kg ivn rat LD50 (mixed alkaloids) = 37 mg/kg ivn mouse (HH2). Contraindications: Aqueous extract (1.82 g leaf/50 ml water reduces in vitro (in human serum) cholinesterase activity by 50% (HH2). Mix of vincamine and vincine lower blood pressure IC27–40 = 5–10 mg/kg ivn rat LD50 (mixed alkaloids) = 37 mg/kg ivn mouse (HH2). |
||
| GREEK OREGANO | Salvia fruticosa | |
|
Synonyms: Salvia triloba L. f. Actions: Antibacterial (1; HH2); Antiinflammatory (1; PH2); Antiseptic (1; PH2; TAD); Antiviral (1; TAD); Candidicide (1; HH2); Cytotoxic (1; TAD); Fungicide (1; HH2); Hypoglycemic (1; PH2); Hypotensive (1; PH2); Sedative (1; PH2). Indications: Bacteria (1; HH2); Candida (1; HH2); Cardiopathy (f; PH2); Cold (f; PH2); Cough (f; PH2); Dermatosis (f; PH2); Diabetes (1; PH2); Dyspepsia (f; PH2); Fungus (1; HH2); High Blood Pressure (1; PH2); Infection (1; HH2); Inflammation (1; PH2); Insomnia (1; PH2); Mycosis (1; HH2); Nervousness (1; PH2); Pharyngosis (f; PH2); Pulmonosis (f; PH2); Stomatosis (f; PH2); Virus (1; TAD); Yeast (1; HH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Decoction antihypertensive 50 mg/kg ipr rat (HH2). Infusion (250 mg/kg) hypoglycemic (HH2). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Decoction antihypertensive 50 mg/kg ipr rat (HH2). Infusion (250 mg/kg) hypoglycemic (HH2). |
||
| GREEN ALDER | Alnus viridis | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Abortifacient (f; DEM); Astringent (1; DEM); Carminative (f; DEM); Depurative (f; MIC); Emmenagogue (f; DEM); Hemostat (f; DEM); Insectifuge (f; DEM); Laxative (f; DEM; MIC); Tonic (f; DEM). Indications: Anorexia (f; DEM); Arthrosis (f; DEM); Bleeding (f; DEM); Childbirth (f; DEM); Constipation (f; DEM; MIC); Cramp (f; MIC); Dentistry (f; DEM); Diphtheria (f; MIC); Dropsy (f; DEM); Dysmenorrhea (f; DEM); Fever (f; DEM; MIC); Gas (f; DEM); Gastrosis (f; DEM); Gonorrhea (f; DEM); Infection (f; DEM); Lameness (f; MIC); Nephrosis (f; DEM; MIC); Neuralgia (f; MIC); Pain (f; MIC); Rheumatism (f; DEM; MIC); Sore (f; DEM); Toothache (f; DEM); VD (f; DEM); Wound (f; DEM; MIC). Dosage: Contraindications: |
||