| English Name | Botanical Name | More Info |
|---|---|---|
| POPLAR | Populus | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Analgesic (1; BGB; FAD; PH2; PNC); Antibacterial (1; BGB; KOM; PH2); Antiinflammatory (1; BGB; FAD); Antipyretic (1; FAD); Antirheumatic (f; FAD); Antiseptic (1; BGB); Antispasmodic (1; PH2); Astringent (f; BGB; PNC); Cholagogue (f; CAN); Collyrium (f; FAD); Depurative (f; DEP); Diuretic (f; PNC); Expectorant (1; BGB; CAN; FAD); Fungicide (1; BGB); Hypouricemic (1; MAD); Stimulant (f; PNC); Stomachic (f; CEB); Tonic (f; FAD; FEL); Uricosuric (1; MAD); Vermifuge (f; FAD; FEL); Vulnerary (2; BGB; FAD; KOM; PH2). Indications: Acne (1; BGB); Anorexia (f; CAN; FAD); Arthrosis (f; CEB; FAD); Bacteria (1; BGB; KOM; PH2); BO (f; CEB); BPH (1; FEL; MAD; PHR; PH2); Bruise (1; BGB); Burn (2; CEB; PHR; PH2); Cancer (f; CEB; JLH); Childbirth (f; MAD); Cold (1; CEB; FAD; MIC); Colic (f; DEM); Congestion (f; FEL); Cough (f; FAD); Cramp (1; PH2); Cut (f; FAD); Cystosis (f; CAN; MAD); Debility (f; CEB; FEL); Dermatosis (f; PH2); Diarrhea (f; FAD; FEL); Dysmenorrhea (f; FAD); Dyspepsia (f; FEL; MAD); Dysuria (1; FEL; MAD; PHR; PH2); Earache (f; CEB; MAD); Eczema (f; CEB); Enterosis (f; DEM); Enuresis (f; MAD); Fever (1; FAD); Flu (f; MIC); Frostbite (2; BGB; FAD; KOM; PH2); Fungus (1; BGB); Gleet (f; FEL); Gonorrhea (f; FEL); Gout (1; FNF; MAD); Headache (1; BGB; FAD); Hemorrhoid (2; BGB; KOM; MAD; PH2); Hepatosis (f; CEB); Hysteria (f; MAD); Incontinence (f; MAD); Infection (1; BGB; PH2); Inflammation (1; BGB; FAD; PH2); Irritated Nostril (f; FAD); Laryngosis (1; BGB); Malaria (f; CEB; FEL); Menorrhagia (f; CEB; FAD); Mycosis (1; BGB); Myosis (f; FAD); Nephrosis (f; CEB); Neuralgia (1; MAD); Pain (1; BGB; FAD; MAD; PH2; PNC); Respirosis (1; BGB; FAD); Rheumatism (1; CAN; CEB; FAD; PH2); Rhinosis (f; FAD); Sciatica (1; CEB; FNF); Scurvy (f; FAD);Sprain (f; FAD); Sore (f; FAD); Stomach Pain (f; FAD); Strangury (f CEB); Sunburn (2; BGB; KOM; PH2); Swelling (f; JLH); Syncope (f; CEB); Tenesmus (f; FEL; MAD); Toothache (f; FAD); Uterosis (f; FEL); UTI (f; FAD); VD (f; FAD; FEL; MAD); Worm (f; FAD; FEL; MIC); Wound (2; BGB; FAD; KOM; PH2). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). Subject to usual salicylates and tannin warnings (1997). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). In view of the lack of toxicological data, excessive use, especially during lactation and pregnancy, should be avoided. Individuals with aspirin or salicylate hypersensitivity, asthma, diabetes, gout, hemophilia, hepatosis, hypothrombinemia, nephrosis, and peptic ulcers should be cautious with salicylates. Alcohol, barbiturates, and oral sedatives may potentiate salicylate toxicity. Beware of salicylate interaction with oral anticoagulants, methotrexate, metoclopramide, phenytoin, pronebecid, spironolactone, and valproate. Salicylates excreted in breast milk reportedly can cause macular rashes in breast-fed babies (CAN). Salicylates and derivatives and flavonoids explain analgesic, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and antispasmodic activities. Zinc lignans may improve micturition in BPH (PH2). According to MAD (if we can trust my translation, salicin raises uric acid excretion 25–41%, populin 11–29%; but the mix is a better uricosuric, raising excretion levels 38–71% (another good example of synergy). Salipopulin, the mix, is a better analgesic in arthrosis and neuralgia than the isolated glycosides (MAD). Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). Subject to usual salicylates and tannin warnings (1997). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). In view of the lack of toxicological data, excessive use, especially during lactation and pregnancy, should be avoided. Individuals with aspirin or salicylate hypersensitivity, asthma, diabetes, gout, hemophilia, hepatosis, hypothrombinemia, nephrosis, and peptic ulcers should be cautious with salicylates. Alcohol, barbiturates, and oral sedatives may potentiate salicylate toxicity. Beware of salicylate interaction with oral anticoagulants, methotrexate, metoclopramide, phenytoin, pronebecid, spironolactone, and valproate. Salicylates excreted in breast milk reportedly can cause macular rashes in breast-fed babies (CAN). Salicylates and derivatives and flavonoids explain analgesic, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and antispasmodic activities. Zinc lignans may improve micturition in BPH (PH2). According to MAD (if we can trust my translation, salicin raises uric acid excretion 25–41%, populin 11–29%; but the mix is a better uricosuric, raising excretion levels 38–71% (another good example of synergy). Salipopulin, the mix, is a better analgesic in arthrosis and neuralgia than the isolated glycosides (MAD). |
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| POTATO | Solanum tuberosum | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Alterative (f; CRC); Analgesic (1; TRA); Antibacterial (1; CRC); Antiseptic (1; CRC); Antispasmodic (1; CRC; TRA); Cardiotonic (1; CRC; TRA); Diuretic (f; CRC); Emetic (f; CRC); Fungicide (1; TRA); Hypoglycemic (1; TRA); Hypotensive (1; CRC; TRA); Lactagogue (f; CRC); Myotropic (1; CRC); Narcotic (f; CRC); Orexigenic (f; CRC); Pectoral (f; JFM). Indications: Indications (Potato) — Anorexia (f; CRC); Arthrosis (f; JFM); Bacteria (1; CRC); Bronchosis (f; JFM); Burn (f; CRC; JFM); Callus (f; CRC); Conjunctivosis (f; DEM; JFM); Corn (f; CRC); Cough (f; CRC); Cramp (1; CRC; TRA); Cystosis (f; CRC; JFM); Delirium (f; CRC); Dermatosis (f; JFM); Diabetes (1; TRA); Dysuria (f; JFM); Fistula (f; CRC); Frostbite (f; CRC); Fungus (1; TRA); Headache (f; TRA); Hemorrhoid (f; JFM); High Blood Pressure (1; CRC; TRA); Hyperglycemia (1; TRA); Infection (1; CRC; TRA); Itch (1; TRA); Mastosis (f; JFM); Mycosis (1; TRA); Neuralgia (1; TRA); Ophthalmia (f; DEM; JFM); Pain (1; TRA); Prostate (f; CRC; JFM); Pulmonosis (f; JFM); Rheumatism (f; JFM); Spasm (1; CRC; JFM); Staphylococcus (1; X10857921); Tumor (f; CRC); Wart (f; CRC; DEM). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Fruits†and green skinned potatoes can be toxic, sometimes fatally so (CRC). Solanine is analgesic and antineuralgic; controls itch at oral doses of 50–200 mg (TRA). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Fruits†and green skinned potatoes can be toxic, sometimes fatally so (CRC). Solanine is analgesic and antineuralgic; controls itch at oral doses of 50–200 mg (TRA). |
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| PREMORSE, DEVIL`S BIT | Succisa pratensis | |
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Synonyms: Scabiosa succisa L. Actions: Antipyretic (f; PH2); Astringent (f; EFS); Demulcent (f; EFS); Depurative (f; EFS); Diaphoretic (f; PH2); Diuretic (f; EFS); Expectorant (f; HHB; PH2); Parasiticide (f; HHB); Vermifuge (f; HHB); Vulnerary (f; MAD). Indications: Bite (f; MAD); Bruise (f; MAD); Cancer (f; JLH); Cancer, neck (f; JLH); Cancer, throat (f; JLH); Catarrh (f; MAD); Cold (f; PH2); Cough (f; PH2); Dizziness (f; MAD); Eczema (f; MAD); Erysipelas (f; MAD); Fever (f; PH2); Gastrosis (f; MAD); Hepatosis (f; MAD); Hysteria (f; MAD); Leukorrhea (f; MAD); Mucososis (f; HHB); Parasite (f; HHB); Pulmonosis (f; MAD); Scabies (f; MAD); Sore (f; MAD); Sore Throat (f; JLH); Stomatosis (f; MAD); Swelling (f; MAD); Toothache (f; MAD); Uterosis (f; MAD); Vertigo (f; MAD); Worm (f; HHB); Wound (f; MAD). Dosage: Not covered (AHP).“Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP).“Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). |
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| PRICKLY ASH | Zanthoxylum | |
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Synonyms: Zanthoxylum americanum Mill. in FEL, Z. fraxineum in MAD. Actions: Abortifacient (f; DEM); Alterative (f; FEL); Analgesic (1; APA); Anesthetic (1; APA); Antihelicobacter (1; X9781854); Antiinflammatory (1; APA; PHR); Antiperistaltic (1; FNF); Antirheumatic (f; APA; CAN; PHR); Antispasmodic (f; HHB; PH2); Antiulcer (1; X9781854); Candidicide (1; FNF); Carminative (f; CAN; FEL; HHB); Choleretic (f; FAD); Circulostimulant (f; CAN); Cytotoxic (f; HH3); Diaphoretic (f; CAN; FEL; MAD; PHR); Diuretic (f; DEM; FAD; FEL; MAD); Emmenagogue (f; FEL; MAD); Expectorant (f; DEM); Hypotensive (1; APA); Nephrotonic (f; FEL); Nervine (f; HH3); Pancreatonic (f; FAD; FEL); Secretagogue (1; FEL); Sialagogue (1; APA; CAN; FAD; FEL; HH3); Stimulant (1; APA); Stomachic (f; HHB); Tonic (f; HHB); Vulnerary (f; HH3). Indications: Amenorrhea (f; MAD); Anemia (1; JAD; FNF); Arthrosis (f; DEM); Asthma (f; PH2); Ataxia (f; FEL); Atherosclerosis (f; MAD); Backache (f; DEM); Bleeding (f; DEM); Bronchosis (f; DEM); Burn (f; DEM); Cancer (1; FAD; HH3; HOX; JAD); Candida (1; FNF);Cardiopathy (f; DEM; FAD); Catarrh (f; FEL); Cholera (f; FEL); Coccus (f; MAD); Cold (f; DEM; FAD; HH3); Colic (f; FEL; HH3; PH2); Constipation (f; FEL); Convulsion (f; DEM); Cough (f; DEM; FAD; PH2); Cramp (f; CAN; HHB; MAD; PH2); Diarrhea (f; PH2); Dropsy (f; FEL); Dysentery (f; FAD); Dysmenorrhea (f; FEL; MAD); Dyspepsia (f; FAD; FEL; PH2); Earache (F; HH3); Enterosis (f; FEL); Fever (f; CAN; DEM; FEL; MAD; PHR; PH2); Gas (f; FEL; PH2); Gastrosis (f; FEL); Gonorrhea (f; DEM; HH3); Headache (f; PH2); Helicobacter (1; X9781854); Hemiplegia (f; FEL; MAD); High Blood Pressure (1; APA); Hip Ache (f; MAD); Hypotension (f; PHR; PH2); Hysteria (f; HH3; MAD); Impaired Peripheral Circulation (f; CAN); Inflammation (1; APA; PHR; PH2); Intermittent Claudication (f; CAN); Ischiosis (f; HH3; MAD); Itch (f; DEM); Leprosy (f; PH2); Leukorrhea (f; MAD); Lumbago (f; FEL; MAD); Malaria (f; FEL); Mucososis (f; FEL); Myalgia (f; FEL); Nephrosis (f; DEM; FAD); Neuralgia (f; FEL; MAD); Neurosis (f; FAD; HH3; MAD); Ophthalmia (f; PH2); Otosis (f; HH3; PH2); Ovariosis (f; MAD); Pain (1; APA; DEM); Pancreatosis (f; FAD); Paralysis (f; FEL; PH2); Pharyngosis (f; FEL); Pulmonosis (f; DEM; FAD); Raynaud’s Syndrome (f; CAN); Rheumatism (f; APA; CAN; DEM; FAD; FEL; MAD; PHR; PH2); Scrofula (f; FEL); Sickle Cell (1; JAD; FNF); Sore (f; FEL); Sore Throat (f; DEM; FAD; FEL; HH3); Stomatosis (f; FEL); Syphilis (f; FEL; HH3; MAD); Tonsilosis (f; DEM; FAD); Toothache (1; DEM; FAD; FEL; FNF; JAD; MAD; PH2); Torticollis (f; FEL); Tuberculosis (f; DEM); Typhoid (f; FEL); Ulcer (1; X9781854); VD (f; DEM; FEL); Vomiting (f; DEM); Worm (f; DEM; PH2); Yeast (1; FNF). Dosage: Class 2b (AHP). None reported (PHR). Reported to be toxic to animals (CAN). Because of pharmacologically active alkaloids and coumarins, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. May interfere with anticoagulant therapy. Excessive use should be avoided (CAN). Extracts (Prickly Ash) — Bark extracts act as a reversible neuromuscular blocking agent. A single hypotensive dose of nitidine chloride (2 mg/kg) lowered blood pressure 20% in mice within 90 minutes, persisting for 6 hours. Nitidine also antagonizes the hypertensive effects of angiotensin. Chelerythrine, at 10 mg/kg (orl rat), was comparable in antiinflammatory activity to indomethacin at 5 mg/kg. Chelerythrine also works against Candida and Gram-positive, if not Gram-negative, bacteria. Chelerythrine potentiates the analgesia of morphine, prolongs barbiturate sleep, and is hypotensive following an immediate hypertensive thrust (in cats, mice, and rats). Asirinin has antitubercular activity; neoherculin is insecticidal and sialagogue. Contraindications: Class 2b (AHP). None reported (PHR). Reported to be toxic to animals (CAN). Because of pharmacologically active alkaloids and coumarins, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. May interfere with anticoagulant therapy. Excessive use should be avoided (CAN). Extracts (Prickly Ash) — Bark extracts act as a reversible neuromuscular blocking agent. A single hypotensive dose of nitidine chloride (2 mg/kg) lowered blood pressure 20% in mice within 90 minutes, persisting for 6 hours. Nitidine also antagonizes the hypertensive effects of angiotensin. Chelerythrine, at 10 mg/kg (orl rat), was comparable in antiinflammatory activity to indomethacin at 5 mg/kg. Chelerythrine also works against Candida and Gram-positive, if not Gram-negative, bacteria. Chelerythrine potentiates the analgesia of morphine, prolongs barbiturate sleep, and is hypotensive following an immediate hypertensive thrust (in cats, mice, and rats). Asirinin has antitubercular activity; neoherculin is insecticidal and sialagogue. |
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| PRICKLY PEAR | Opuntia ficus-indica | |
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Synonyms: Cactus ficus-indica L., Opuntia ficus-indica var. gymnocarpa (F.A.C. Weber). Speg. Actions: Analgesic (f; DAV); Astringent (f; EFS); Diuretic (f; WOI); Emollient (f; WOI); Sedative (f; DAV). Indications: Acne (f; JFM); Alopecia (f; AAB); Arthrosis (f; AAB); Callus (f; JLH); Childbirth (f; AAB); Conjunctivosis (f; JFM); Corn (f; JLH); Cystosis (f; AAB); Dermatosis (f; JFM); Diabetes (f; DAV); Diarrhea (f; EFS; JFM); Dysentery (f; EFS; JFM); Enterosis (f; JFM); Epistaxis (f; DAV); Fever (f; AAB; JFM); Gonorrhea (f; JFM); Hepatosis (f; JFM); High Blood Pressure (f; AAB); Insomnia (f; DAV); Malaise (f; AAB); Nervousness (f; DAV); Pain (f; DAV; JFM); Prostatosis (f; DAV); Pulmonosis (f; JFM); Rabies (f; JFM); Radiation Burn (f; JFM); Rheumatism (f; DAV); Stomachache (f; JFM); Tumor (f; JFM); Wart (f; JLH). Dosage: Contraindications: |
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| PRICKLY POPPY | Argemone mexicana | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Analgesic (1; DEP; WBB); Antibacterial (1; WO2); Anti-HIV (1; FNF; HAD); Antiinflammatory (1; TRA); Antiseptic (1; WO2); Antitrypanosomic (1; WO2); Antivagal (1; WBB); Antiviral (1; WO2); Carcinogenic (1; WO2); Cardiodepressant (1; WO2); Carminative (f; CRC); Contraceptive (f; CRC); Demulcent (f; CRC; DEP; IED); Depurative (f; CRC; JFM); Diaphoretic (f; CRC; JFM; WBB); Diuretic (f; CRC; DEP; JFM; WBB); Edemagenic (1; JFM); Emetic (f; CRC; IED; JFM; WBB); Embryotoxic (1; TRA); Emmenagogue (f; CRC; JFM); Expectorant (f; CRC; DEP; IED; WBB); Fungicide (1; TRA; WBB); Glaucomagenic (f; JFM); Hallucinogen (f; CRC); Hemostat (f; CRC); Hepatotoxic (1; TRA); Hypertensive (1; TRA); Hypoglycemic (1; TRA); Hypotensive (1; TRA); Insecticide (1; TRA; WBB); Laxative (f; CRC; IED; JFM; WBB); Narcotic (1; CRC; DEP; WBB; WO2); Orexigenic (f; CRC); Pectoral (f; JFM); Poison (f; CRC); Respiradepressant (1; WBB); Respirastimulant (1; WBB); RT-Inhibitor (1; FNF; HAD); Sedative (f; CRC; JFM; WBB); Spasmogenic (1; TRA); Stimulant (f; CRC); Tachycardic (1; WBB); Termitifuge (f; WBB); Tonic (f; JFM); Uterotonic (1; TRA; WBB); Vasodilator (1; TRA); Vulnerary (f; CRC; JFM). Indications: Asthma (f; CRC; JFM); Bacteria (1; WO2); Bleeding (f; CRC); Blennorrhagia (f; WBB); Cancer (f; IED; JFM; JLH); Cardiopathy (f; JFM); Catarrh (f; CRC); Chancre (f; CRC; JLH); Childbirth (f; CRC); Cholecystosis (f; CRC); Cholera (f; WBB); Cold (f; CRC; JFM); Colic (f; CRC; DEP; JFM; WBB); Conjunctivosis (f; CRC; JFM); Constipation (f; CRC; IED; JFM; WBB); Corneal Opacity (f; DEP; JFM); Cough (f; JFM); Dentition (f; JFM); Dermatosis (f; CRC; DEP; IED; WBB; WO2); Diarrhea (f; WBB); Dropsy (f; CRC; DEP); Dysentery (f; DEP; WBB); Dysuria (f; CRC; JFM); Eczema (f; WBB); Enterosis (f; DEP); Epilepsy (f; JFM); Eruption (f; CRC); Fever (f; CRC; JFM; WBB); Fungus (1; TRA; WBB); Gastrosis (f; TRA); Gonorrhea (f; DEP; WBB); Guinea Worm (1; WO2); Headache (f; CRC; DEP); Heart (f; CRC); Hepatosis (f; CRC; JFM); Herpes (f; CRC; DEP); High Blood Pressure (1; JFM; TRA); HIV (1; FNF; HAD); Hyperglycemia (1; TRA); Infection (1; TRA; WBB); Inflammation (1; CRC; TRA); Insomnia (f; CRC; JFM; WBB); Intoxication (f; CRC); Itch (f; CRC; DEP; IED; WBB); Jaundice (f; DEP; JFM); Leishmaniasis (1; WO2); Low Blood Pressure (1; TRA); Malaria (1; JFM); Mycosis (1; TRA; WBB); Nervousness (f; CRC; JFM; WBB); Ophthalmia (f; CRC; DEP; JFM; WBB); Pain (1; DEP; WBB); Parasite (f; JFM); Pertussis (f; CRC; JFM); Pneumonia (f; JFM); Rheumatism (f; CRC); Ringworm (f; JFM); Scabies (f; CRC; DEP; IED); Snakebite (f; WBB); Sore (1; DEP; JFM; WO2); Splenomegaly (1; WO2); Splenosis (f; JFM); Strangury (f; DEP); Syphilis (f; WO2); Tapeworm (f; DEP); Toothache (f; CRC); Trachoma (1; WO2); Tuberculosis (1; FNF; WBB); Virus (1; WO2); Wart (f; JFM; WBB); Water Retention (f; JFM); Wound (1; JFM; WBB). Dosage: Ingestion of the seed oil can cause anemia, diarrhea, dysentery, high-tension glaucoma, and vomiting due to the ‘carcinogenic’ alkaloid, sanguinarine. Toxicity is due to interaction of sanguinarine and 11-oxo-triacontanoic acid. Milk of cows fed prickly poppy can cause glaucoma (WO2). LD50 of argemone oil = 9 ml/kg ipr mouse; sanguinarine 18 mg/kg (WBB). Seeds contain berberine, which may be helpful in MDR-resistant tuberculosis (JAD). Contraindications: Ingestion of the seed oil can cause anemia, diarrhea, dysentery, high-tension glaucoma, and vomiting due to the ‘carcinogenic’ alkaloid, sanguinarine. Toxicity is due to interaction of sanguinarine and 11-oxo-triacontanoic acid. Milk of cows fed prickly poppy can cause glaucoma (WO2). LD50 of argemone oil = 9 ml/kg ipr mouse; sanguinarine 18 mg/kg (WBB). Seeds contain berberine, which may be helpful in MDR-resistant tuberculosis (JAD). |
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| PRINCE`S FEATHER, AMARANTH | Amaranthus hypochondriacus | |
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Synonyms: A. hybridus var. erythrostachyus Moq., A. hybridus var. hypochondriacus (L.) B. L. Rob. Actions: Astringent (f; DEP; PH2). Indications: Diarrhea (f; PH2); Inflammation (f; PH2); Pharyngosis (f; PH2); Sore (f; PH2); Stomatosis (f; PH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). |
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| PRIVET | Ligustrum vulgare | |
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Synonyms: L. insulare Decne., L. insulense Decne. Actions: Antibacterial (1; WBB); Anticomplementary (1; X10930718); Antiinflammatory (1; X10930718); Antiseptic (1; WBB); Astringent (f; CRC); Candidicide (1; X10594942); Detergent (f; CRC); Immunomodulator (1; X10594942); Fungicide (1; X10594942); Laxative (f; CRC); Paralytic (1; WBB); Poison (1; CRC); Vulnerary (f; CRC). Indications: Bacteria (1; WBB); Candida (1; X10594942); Constipation (f; CRC); Escherichia (1; WBB); Fungus (1; X10594942); Infection (1; CRC; WBB; X10594942); Inflammation (1; X10930718); Mycosis (1; X10594942); Pharyngosis (f; CRC); Staphylococcus (1; WBB); Stomatosis (f; CRC); Tumor (f; CRC; JLH); Uvulosis (f; JLH); Yeast (1; X10594942). Dosage: Children reportedly have died from eating fruit (WBB). Contraindications: Children reportedly have died from eating fruit (WBB). |
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| PROSTRATE KNOTWEED | Polygonum aviculare | |
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Synonyms: P. heterophyllum Lindm Actions: AChE-Inhibitor (2; KOM; PHR); Allergenic (1; CRC); Analgesic (f; CRC; DEP); Antiabortive (f; DEM); Antiacetylcholinesterase (2; KOM; PHR); Antiaggregant (1; MPI; PH2); Antibacterial (1; CRC); Antidiaphoretic (1; PHR; PH2); Antiinflammatory (2; KOM; PHR); Antiperiodic (f; CRC); Antipyretic (f; WOI); Antiseptic (f; CRC; WOI); Antitussive (1; PHR); Astringent (f; CRC; DEM; KOM; PH2); Cholagogue (f; CRC); Cicatrizant (1; DAA); Demulcent (f; CRC); Diuretic (1; CRC; LMP; PHR; PH2); Emetic (f; CRC); Emollient (f; CRC; DAA); Expectorant (f; CRC); Hemostat (1; CRC; PHR; PH2); Hypotensive (1; MPI); Hypotonic (f; HH2); Laxative (f; CRC); Pectoral (1; PHR); Piscicide (f; DEM); Tonic (f; CRC); Vasoconstrictor (f; CRC); Vermifuge (f; CRC; DAA; WOI); Vulnerary (f; CRC; DEP; GMH). Indications: Arthrosis (f; GMH); Ascaris (f; LMP); Asthma (1; CRC); Bacteria (1; CRC); Bleeding (1; CRC; PHR; PH2); Bronchosis (2; CRC; PHR; PH2); Calculus (f; DEP); Cancer (f; CEB; JLH); Cancer, breast (f; CRC; JLH); Cancer, kidney (f; CRC; JLH); Cancer, stomach (f; CRC; JLH); Cancer, uterus (f; CRC; JLH); Catarrh (1; KOM; PHR; PH2); Chancre (f; CRC; DAA); Cholera (f; CRC); Coccyx (f; DEM); Colic (f; GMH); Constipation (f; CRC); Cough (2; PHR; PH2); Dermatosis (f; LMP; PH2); Diabetes (f; CRC; WOI); Diarrhea (1; CRC; DEM; PNC); Dysentery (f; CRC; PH2); Dysmenorrhea (f; CRC); Dysuria (f; CRC; DEM); Eczema (f; CRC; LMP); Enterosis (f; LMP); Epistaxis (f; GMH); Fever (f; CRC; WOI); Fracture (f; DEM); Gonorrhea (f; CRC; PH2); Gout (f; CRC; DAA; HH2); Gravel (f; DEM); Heatstroke (f; CRC); Hematuria (f; DEM); Hemorrhoid (f; CRC; DAA); High Blood Pressure (1; CRC; MPI; WOI); Hysteria (f; LMP); Infection (f; CRC; WOI); Inflammation (2; CRC; DEM; KOM; PHR); Itch (f; CRC; DAA; PH2); Jaundice (f; LMP; PH2); Malaria (f; CRC); Menorrhagia (f; CRC); Mucososis (1; KOM; PHR; PH2); Nephrosis (f; CRC; GMH); Pain (f; CRC; DEM; DEP); Pharyngosis (2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Pulmonosis (1; PHR; PH2); Respirosis (2; KOM; PH2); Rheumatism (f; CRC; HH2; PH2; WOI); Scald (f; DEM); Sore (f; WOI); Stomachache (f; CRC; DEM); Stomatosis (2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Stone (f; CRC); Swelling (f; DEM); Tapeworm (f; PH2); Tonsilosis (f; CRC); Tuberculosis (f; CRC; PHR; PH2); Tumor (f; JLH); Ulcer (f; JLH; WOI); Vaginosis (f; CRC); Water Retention (1; CRC; LMP; PHR; PH2); Worm (f; CRC; DAA; LMP; WOI); Wound (1; DAA; DEM). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). None at proper dosage (PHR). 1% soluble silicic acid, partially water soluble (PHR). Shoot tincture LD50 = 500 mg/kg ipr rat (HH2). Flavonoids are an antiaggregant (PH2). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). None at proper dosage (PHR). 1% soluble silicic acid, partially water soluble (PHR). Shoot tincture LD50 = 500 mg/kg ipr rat (HH2). Flavonoids are an antiaggregant (PH2). |
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| PSYLLIUM, BLONDE ISPAGHULA | Plantago ovata | |
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Synonyms: P. ispaghula Roxb. ex Fleming. Actions: Allergenic (1; APA); Antibacterial (f; WOI); Anticancer (1; HH2); Anticholinergic (1; PNC); Antipyretic (f; KAB); Astringent (f; DEP; KAB); Cardiodepressant (1; PNC); Demulcent (1; CAN; DEP; KAB; PED); Digestive (1; KAB); Diuretic (f; KAB; PED; WHO); Emollient (f; DEP); Flatugenic (1; CAN); Hepatoprotective (1; PNC); Hypertensive (1; KAP); Hypocholesterolemic (1; BGB; HH2; KAB; KOM; LAF); Hypoglycemic (1; BGB; HH2; PNC); Hypotensive (1; KAP; PNC); Hypouricemic (1; HH2); Laxative (2; BGB; DEP; KAP; PNC); Pectiniferous (2; JAD); Peristaltic (2; PIP; PNC; WHO). Indications: Adenopathy (f; JLH; KAP; WHO); Atherosclerosis (f; SKY); Bacteria (f; WOI); Bleeding (1; KAP); Blennorrhea (f; KAP); Cacoethes (f; JLH); Cancer (1; HH2; JLH); Cancer, breast (f; JLH); Cancer, colon (f; JLH); Cancer, ear (f; JLH); Cancer, intestine, (f; JLH); Cancer, liver (f; JLH); Cancer, mouth (f; JLH); Cancer, neck (f; JLH); Cancer, parotid (f; JLH); Cancer, throat (f; JLH); Cancer, uterus (f; JLH); Candida (1; PED); Cardiopathy (2; BGB); Catarrh (f; DEP; KAP); Chelation, cyclamate (1; PNC); Cold (f; DEP); Colitis (2; BGB; KOM; PH2; SHT); Constipation (2; BGB; DEP; KAP; KOM; PH2; PNC; SHT; WHO); Cough (1; DEP; PED; PH2); Cramp (1; APA); Cystosis (f; CAN; DEP; KAP); Dermatosis (f; CAN); Diabetes (1; APA; HH2; PH2); Diarrhea (2; DEP; KOM; PH2; SKY; WHO); Diverticulosis (1; CAN; SHT); Duodenosis (f; PH2); Dysentery (1; CAN; DEP; KAB; PH2); Dyspepsia (f; DEP); Dysuria (f; DEP; KAP; PH2); Enterosis (1; APA; PH2); Fever (f; DEP; KAB); Furunculosis (f; CAN; PH2); Gallstone (preventive) (1; BGB; PH2); Gas (f; PH2); Gastrosis (f; PH2); Gonorrhea (f; DEP; KAP; PH2); Gout (1; HH2; KAP; PH2; WHO); Hemorrhoid (2; DEP; KAP; KOM; PH2; SKY); Hepatosis (f; JLH; PNC); High Blood Pressure (1; APA; KAP; PED; PNC); High Blood Sugar (1; PH2); High Cholesterol (2; BGB; HH2; KAB; KOM; LAF; PHR; PH2; SKY); High Triglycerides (1; PH2; SKY); Hyperglycemia (1; BGB; HH2; PNC); IBS (1; APA; KOM; PH2; SKY); Inflammation (f; DEP; KAP); Low Blood Pressure (1; KAP); Mastosis (f; JLH); Mucososis (2; DEP; KOM; PH2;PIP); Nephrosis (f; DEP; KAP; PH2); Obesity (1; PH2; SKY); Pain (1; PH2); Parotosis (f; JLH); Pharyngosis (2; KOM; PIP); Pregnancy (1; APA); Proctosis (1; APA); Psoriasis (f; SKY); Respirosis (2; BGB; KOM; PIP); Rheumatism (f; KAP; PH2); Sore (f; DEP); Stomatosis (f; JLH); Ulcer (f; PH2); Ulcerative Colitis (1; PH2); Urethrosis (f; KAP). Urogenitosis (f; PH2); Ulcer (1; PH2); UTI (f; APA); VD (f; KAP; PH2); Whitlow (f; JLH); Wound (f; DEP). Dosage: Class 2d. Take with at least 8 oz liquid. Take 1 hour after taking other drugs, which it might chelate. Contraindicated in bowel, esophageal, or GI obstruction (AHP; PIP). Bulking agents should not be taken by those with stenotic lesions of the GI tract. May lead to bowel obstruction if fluid intake is inadequate. (Take 150 ml water/5 g psyllium (KOM)). Do not take bulking agents when laying down or at bedtime. Do not use with antiperistaltics (e.g., such as loperamide, for example) (SHT). Physicians and other health care professionals are developing increasingly allergic reactions to psyllium powder. There are reports of a fatal bronchospasm after oral ingestion of ispaghula, identical with, or closely related to psyllium. Commission E reports contraindications for seed and seedshell: GI obstruction (ileus), and diabetes, which is hard to control (as insulin need may be reduced); adverse effects: allergic reactions; interactions: absorption of other drugs taken simultaneously. Other contraindications: intestinal obstruction (AEH). Based on early drafts, AHP repeats that psyllium is contraindicated in “diabetes mellitus which is difficult to regulate ...†There may be a need to reduce insulin dosage in insulin-dependent diabetes (KOM). If swallowed dry, psyllium can cause esophageal obstruction and flatulence (CAN). “Ispaghula husk depressed the growth of chickens by 15% when added to their diet at 2%.†By speeding transit time, bulk laxatives can lower absorption of some drugs. Wow! “Ispaghula may be used during pregnancy and lactation†(CAN). Alcoholic extract is hypotensive in small doses, hypertensive in large doses (KAP). Mucilage is hypoglycemic. Seeds of related species in China are used clinically to treat high blood pressure with ~50% success. “The FDA has proposed a rule that would amend the regulation permitting food labeling bearing a health claim on soluble fiber for a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) to include soluble fiber from psyllium husks (Plantago asiatica L.).†The maker of one popular cereal petitioned, citing data from 57 clinical studies (1965–1996, including 21 human studies) on psyllium’s ability to lower cholesterol and CHD risk. FASEB has determined that psyllium is safe at levels up to 25 g/day. FDA counters that high levels of psyllium husk “may enhance epithelial cell proliferation in the GI tract or cause allergies in some people†(Johnston, B.J.; 1997). FDA proposes health claim for psyllium. HerbalGram 41:28.). HH2 reports 8-week clinical trials on hyperuremia with 7 g psyllium husks a day for 8 weeks. Blood levels of urea were 19% lower after the 8 weeks (Based on Rampton and Barton, 1984. Clin. Nephrol. 121: 159.) (HH2). Contraindications: Class 2d. Take with at least 8 oz liquid. Take 1 hour after taking other drugs, which it might chelate. Contraindicated in bowel, esophageal, or GI obstruction (AHP; PIP). Bulking agents should not be taken by those with stenotic lesions of the GI tract. May lead to bowel obstruction if fluid intake is inadequate. (Take 150 ml water/5 g psyllium (KOM)). Do not take bulking agents when laying down or at bedtime. Do not use with antiperistaltics (e.g., such as loperamide, for example) (SHT). Physicians and other health care professionals are developing increasingly allergic reactions to psyllium powder. There are reports of a fatal bronchospasm after oral ingestion of ispaghula, identical with, or closely related to psyllium. Commission E reports contraindications for seed and seedshell: GI obstruction (ileus), and diabetes, which is hard to control (as insulin need may be reduced); adverse effects: allergic reactions; interactions: absorption of other drugs taken simultaneously. Other contraindications: intestinal obstruction (AEH). Based on early drafts, AHP repeats that psyllium is contraindicated in “diabetes mellitus which is difficult to regulate ...†There may be a need to reduce insulin dosage in insulin-dependent diabetes (KOM). If swallowed dry, psyllium can cause esophageal obstruction and flatulence (CAN). “Ispaghula husk depressed the growth of chickens by 15% when added to their diet at 2%.†By speeding transit time, bulk laxatives can lower absorption of some drugs. Wow! “Ispaghula may be used during pregnancy and lactation†(CAN). Alcoholic extract is hypotensive in small doses, hypertensive in large doses (KAP). Mucilage is hypoglycemic. Seeds of related species in China are used clinically to treat high blood pressure with ~50% success. “The FDA has proposed a rule that would amend the regulation permitting food labeling bearing a health claim on soluble fiber for a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) to include soluble fiber from psyllium husks (Plantago asiatica L.).†The maker of one popular cereal petitioned, citing data from 57 clinical studies (1965–1996, including 21 human studies) on psyllium’s ability to lower cholesterol and CHD risk. FASEB has determined that psyllium is safe at levels up to 25 g/day. FDA counters that high levels of psyllium husk “may enhance epithelial cell proliferation in the GI tract or cause allergies in some people†(Johnston, B.J.; 1997). FDA proposes health claim for psyllium. HerbalGram 41:28.). HH2 reports 8-week clinical trials on hyperuremia with 7 g psyllium husks a day for 8 weeks. Blood levels of urea were 19% lower after the 8 weeks (Based on Rampton and Barton, 1984. Clin. Nephrol. 121: 159.) (HH2). |
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