| English Name | Botanical Name | More Info |
|---|---|---|
| RUE | Ruta graveolens | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Abortifacient (1; AAB; APA; DEP; PHR; PH2); Acaricide (f; IHB); Allergenic (1; PH2); Analgesic (f; FEL; HH2; VVG); Anaphrodisiac (f; DEP; MAD); Antiatherogenic (1; CRC); Antibacterial (1; AAB; APA; WBB); Anticapillary Fragility (1; CRC; VVG; WBB); Antiexudative (1; PH2); Antifertility (1; PH2; TAD); Antihistaminic (1; CRC; WBB); Antiinflammatory (1; CRC); Antioxidant (f; WBB); Antiseptic (1; PH2); Antispasmodic (1; AAB; APA; JFM; PH2); Antithrombic (1; CRC); Antitussive (1; APA); Aperitif (f; EFS); Aphrodisiac (f; CRC; MAD); Astringent (1; APA); Bitter (1; APA); Carminative (f; MAD); Chemopreventive (1; CRC); Choleretic (f; CRC; MAD); CNS Stimulant (f; JFM); Collyrium (f; WBB); Contraceptive (1; PHR; PH2); Decongestant (f; JFM); Diaphoretic (f; JFM); Ecbolic (f; WBB); Emetic (1; JFM); Emmenagogue (1; AAB; APA; JFM); Fungicide (1; APA); Hemostat (f; CRC; EFS); Hirudicide (1; CRC; HH2); Hypotensive (1; CRC; WBB); Insectifuge (1; AAB; APA); Insecticide (1; CRC); Memorigenic (f; DEP; IHB); Myorelaxant (1; APA); Nematicide (1; CRC); Nervine (f; EFS; MAD); Phototoxic (1; CRC; PH2); Radioprotective (f; CRC; WBB); Rubefacient (1; JFM); Sedative (1; APA); Stimulant (f; CRC); Stomachic (f; JFM; WBB); Uterotonic (1; AHP; CRC; PH2); Vermicide (1; AAB; APA; CRC); Vermifuge (1; EFS; HH2; JFM; WBB). Indications: Adenopathy (f; JLH); Ague (f; CRC); Amenorrhea (f; CRC); Anorexia (f; EFS); Asthenia (f; MAD); Asthma (f; WBB); Atherosclerosis (1; CRC); Backache (f; AAB; PH2); Bacteria (1; AAB; APA; WBB); Bleeding (f; CRC; EFS); Blepharosis (f; MAD); Bruise (f; PH2); Cancer (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, breast (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, colon (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, liver (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, mouth (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, rectum (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, spleen (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, stomach (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, testicle (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, uterus (1; CRC; JLH); Capillary Fragility (1; CRC; VVG; WBB); Cardiopathy (f; JFM; MAD; WBB); Childbirth (f; AAB; CRC; WBB); Colic (f; DEP; WBB); Congestion (f; JFM; MAD); Conjunctivosis (f; MAD); Convulsion (f; VVG; WBB); Corn (f; JLH); Cough (1; APA; CRC; DEM); Cramp (1; AAB; APA; JFM; PHR; PH2); Croup (f; CRC; WOI); CVI (1; VVG); Dermatosis (f; PHR; PH2); Diarrhea (f; PHR; PH2; WBB); Dysmenorrhea (1; APA; PH2; WBB); Dyspepsia (1; APA; PHR; PH2); Earache (f; DEM; PHR; PH2; VVG; WBB); Edema (1; CRC); Encephalosis (f; HH2); Enterosis (1; APA; CRC; PH2); Epilepsy (f; AAB; DEP; EL; HH2; VVG; WBB); Epistaxis (f; MAD); Escherichia (f; HH2); Fever (f; AAB; IHB; JFM; PHR; PH2; VVG); Fibroid (f; JLH); Fit (f; VVG; WBB); Fungus (1; APA; JLH); Gangrene (f; DEM); Gas (f; MAD); Gingivosis (f; JFM); Gout (f; MAD; VVG); Headache (f; AAB; JFM); Head Cold (f; MAD); Heart (f; CRC); Hemorrhoid (f; MAD); Hepatosis (f; CRC; PHR; PH2); High Blood Pressure (1; CRC; VVG; WBB); Hysteria (f; DEM; DEP; HH2; VVG; WBB); Induration (f; CRC); Infection (1; APA; DEM; PHR; PH2); Inflammation (1; CRC; PH2); Insomnia (1; APA; HH2); Ischiosis (f; MAD); Jaundice (f; WBB); Lumbago (f; MAD); Measles (f; CRC; JFM); Multiple Sclerosis (f; HH2); Myalgia (f; AAB); Mycosis (1; APA); Nausea (f; AAB); Nerves (f; AAB); Nervousness (1; APA); Neuralgia (f; MAD); Neurasthenia (f; MAD); Nightmare (f; CRC); Ophthalmia (f; JFM); Ozena (f; MAD); Pain (1; DEM; FEL; HH2; VVG); Palsy (f; DEM); Paralysis (f; DEM); Pharyngosis (f; PHR; PH2); Psoriasis (1; CRC); Respirosis (f; WBB); Rheumatism (f; PH2; VVG); Rhinosis (f; JFM); Scabies (f; IHB); Scarlet Fever (f; CRC; JFM; WBB); Sciatica (f; CRC); Scirrhus (f; CRC); Scleroma (f; CRC); Shock (1; JFM; WBB); Spine (f; PH2); Sprain (f; PH2); Staphylococcus (1; HH2); Stomachache (f; DEM; MAD); Stomatosis (f; PHR); Stroke (f; CRC); Syncope (f; AAB); Thrombosis (1; CRC); Ticks (f; IHB); Toothache (f; PHR; PH2; VVG; WBB); Tuberculosis (1; AAB); Typhoid (f; WBB); Uterosis (f; CRC; PHR); Varicosis (1; MAD; PH2); Vertigo (f; CRC; DEP; MAD); Wart (f; CRC; JLH); Whitlow (f; JLH); Worm (1; AAB; APA; CRC; PH2). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP), U.S. regulations prohibit food use at levels of 2 ppm. Class 2b, 2d. Contraindicated in poor kidney function; avoid excess sunlight (AHP). Commission E reports leaf and herb EO is toxic and can produce contact dermatosis. Phototoxic reactions are possible (furocoumarins) (AEH). Though loaded with antis pasmodic compounds, rue is also a poisonous plant, both internally and externally. “The plant should not be ingested, especially by pregnant women†(LRNP-July 1989). Having seen it applied cosmetically, and consumed internally in Peru, where I have visited regularly for a decade, I find the APA entry even more alarming. The volatile oil “can cause severe stomach pain, vomiting, convulsive twitching, life-threatening miscarriage, and other serious complications, including fatal ones, if taken in large doses†(APA, citing LAF). Solvent extracts of rue have antifertility effects in rats when added to diet, even up to 10 days after coitus (TAD). With more than 40 alkaloids and 40 coumarins, this chemistry set might defy standardization concepts. LD50 EO = 2540 orl mus (HH2), LD50 EO = >5000 orl rat (HH2). Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP), U.S. regulations prohibit food use at levels of 2 ppm. Class 2b, 2d. Contraindicated in poor kidney function; avoid excess sunlight (AHP). Commission E reports leaf and herb EO is toxic and can produce contact dermatosis. Phototoxic reactions are possible (furocoumarins) (AEH). Though loaded with antis pasmodic compounds, rue is also a poisonous plant, both internally and externally. “The plant should not be ingested, especially by pregnant women†(LRNP-July 1989). Having seen it applied cosmetically, and consumed internally in Peru, where I have visited regularly for a decade, I find the APA entry even more alarming. The volatile oil “can cause severe stomach pain, vomiting, convulsive twitching, life-threatening miscarriage, and other serious complications, including fatal ones, if taken in large doses†(APA, citing LAF). Solvent extracts of rue have antifertility effects in rats when added to diet, even up to 10 days after coitus (TAD). With more than 40 alkaloids and 40 coumarins, this chemistry set might defy standardization concepts. LD50 EO = 2540 orl mus (HH2), LD50 EO = >5000 orl rat (HH2). |
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| RUPTUREWORT | Herniaria glabra | |
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Synonyms: EFS and HHB lump H. glabra L. with H. hirsuta L. WOI entries were reported for H. glabra or H. hirsuta. I think the two can logically be treated generically Actions: Antidiuretic (f; HHB); Antiseptic (f; HHB); Antispasmodic (f; EFS; PH2); Astringent (f; EFS; WOI); Depurative (f; PH2); Diuretic (1; HHB; PH2; X10709449); Expectorant (f; EFS); Hemolytic (f; WOI); Hypotensive (1; X11427823); Kaliuretic (1; X10709449); Litholytic (f; EFS); Saluretic (1; X10709449). Indications: Albuminuria (f; MAD); Anuria (f; MAD); Bladder Stone (f; EFS); Bright’s Disease (f; MAD); Bronchosis (f; MAD); Catarrh (f; GMH; MAD); Cramp (f; EFS; PH2); Cystosis (f; EFS; GMH; PH2); Dropsy (f; MAD); Dysuria (f; PH2); Fracture (f; MAD); Gallstone (f; MAD); Gonorrhea (f; MAD); Gout (f; PH2); High Blood Pressure (1; X11427823); Jaundice (f; MAD); Kidney Stone (f; MAD); Metrosis (f; MAD); Nephrosis (f; MAD; PH2); Neurosis (f; PH2); Respirosis (f; PH2); Rheumatism (f; PH2); Stone (f; EFS; MAD; PH2); Syphilis (f; MAD); Tenesmus (f; MAD); Tuberculosis (f; PH2); Urethrosis (f; MAD; PH2); VD (f; MAD); Water Retention (f; HHB; PH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). The coumarin reported from H. hirsuta by WOI is said to be powerfully narcotic and gastroirritant, in large doses causing cardiodepression, coldness of the extremities, nausea, vertigo, and vomiting (WOI). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). The coumarin reported from H. hirsuta by WOI is said to be powerfully narcotic and gastroirritant, in large doses causing cardiodepression, coldness of the extremities, nausea, vertigo, and vomiting (WOI). |
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| RYE | Secale cereale | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Antiinflammatory (f; SHT). Indications: Adenoma (f; SHT); BPH (f; SHT); Dysuria (f; SHT); Inflammation (f; SHT). Dosage: No contraindications were reported. Rare GI and dermatitic side effects were reported. Varro Tyler cautioned against self-medication of BPH. Whenever treating BPH a practitioner should be involved. Base-line levels of PSA should be established before considering an herbal treatment (JAD). Contraindications: No contraindications were reported. Rare GI and dermatitic side effects were reported. Varro Tyler cautioned against self-medication of BPH. Whenever treating BPH a practitioner should be involved. Base-line levels of PSA should be established before considering an herbal treatment (JAD). |
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| SABADILLA | Schoenocaulon officinale | |
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Synonyms: Veratrum officinale Schltdl. & Cham. Actions: Anesthetic (1; CRC); Emetic (f; CRC); Hypotensive (1; CRC); Insecticide (1; CRC); Laxative (f; CRC); Neurotonic (f; CRC); Pediculicide (1; CRC); Poison (1; CRC); Sternutator (f; CRC); Vermifuge (f; CRC). Indications: Angina (f; CRC); Arthrosis (f; CRC); Cancer (f; CRC); Constipation (f; CRC); Gout (f; CRC); Flu (f; CRC); Headache (f; CRC); High Blood Pressure (1; CRC); Hysteria (f; CRC); Inflammation (f; CRC); Lice (1; CRC); Migraine (f; CRC); Neuralgia (f; CRC); Neurasthenia (f; CRC); Pain (1; CRC); Pediculosis (1; CRC); Rheumatism (f; CRC); Worm (f; CRC). Dosage: Contraindications: |
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| SACRED VIROLA | Virola elongata | |
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Synonyms: Virola theiodora Warb. Actions: Candidicide (f; PH2); Hallucinogen (1; DAV; PH2); Narcotic (1; PH2); Psychomimetic (f; PH2); Psychotropic (1; PH2); Tranquilizer (f; DAV); Vulnerary (f; PH2). Indications: Aggressiveness (f; DAV); Arthrosis (f; DAV); Candida (f; PH2); Dermatosis (f; PH2); Infection (f; PH2); Fungus (f; DAV; PH2); Mycosis (f; DAV; PH2); Nervousness (f; DAV); Sore (f; PH2); Swelling (f; DAV); Wound (f; PH2); Yeast (f; PH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM). |
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| SAFFLOWER | Carthamus tinctorius | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Abortifacient (f; AHP; HHB; PH2); Analgesic (1; WO3); Antiaggregant (1; AHP; PNC); Antibacterial (1; WO2); Antiedemic (1; WO3); Antifertility (f; DAA); Antihydrotic (f; HHB; PH2); Antiinflammatory (1; PNC; WO3; X8987908); Antiischemic (1; X8425843); Antipyretic (f; DAA; PED); Antitumor (1; PH2; X8604239); Bitter (f; PED); Calcium Antagonist (1; WO3; X8281577); Cardiotonic (1; WO3); Cytotoxic (1; X11090999); Decongestant (f; DAA); Diaphoretic (f; DAA; PED); Diuretic (f; PNC); Emmenagogue (1; AHP; HHB; PH2; WO2); Expectorant (f; HHB; PH2); Fungicide (1; DAA); Hypocholesterolemic (1; HHB); Laxative (1; HHB; PH2; PNC; WO2); Nematicide (1; WO2); Neuroprotective (1; X8425843); Phototoxic (f; DAA); Sedative (1; WO2); Stimulant (1; HHB; PH2; WO2); Teratogenic (1; X11090999); Uterotonic (1; AHP; X7646782); Vermifuge (f; DAA). Indications: Amenorrhea (1; AHP; DAA; PH2); Arthrosis (f; PH2); Bacteria (1; DAA; WO2); Boil (f; DAA); Bronchosis (f; PH2); Bruise (f; PNC); Cancer (1; JLH; PH2;X8604239); Cancer, liver (f; JLH); Cancer, skin (1; PH2; X8604239); Cancer, stomach (f; PH2); Cancer, uterus (f; JLH); Candida (1; DAA); Cardiopathy (f; PNC); Chickenpox (f; PED); Childbirth (f; DAA); Congestion (f; DAA); Constipation (1; HHB; PH2; PNC; WO2); Cough (f; PH2); Dermatosis (f; PNC); Dysmenorrhea (f; DAA; PNC); Dystocia (f; DAA); Edema (1; WO3); Escherichia (1; DAA); Fever (f; DAA; PED; PNC); Fungus (1; DAA); Hepatosis (f; JLH; PED); High Cholesterol (1; HHB); Induration (f; JLH); Infection (1; DAA); Inflammation (1; JLH; PNC; WO3; X8987908); Insomnia (1; WO2; WO3); Ischemia (1; X8425843); Measles (f; PNC); Metrorrhagia (f; HHB); Mycosis (1; DAA); Nervousness (1; WO2); Neurosis (1; X8425843); Pain (1; PH2; WO3); Paralysis (f; HHB); Pemphigus (f; DAA); Pneumonia (f; DAA; HHB; PH2); Rheumatism (f; HHB); Scabies (f; PH2); Swelling (1; WO3); Thrombosis (1; X11243195); Tumor (1; PH2; X8604239); Uterosis (f; DAA); Water Retention (f; PNC); Worm (f; DAA); Wound (f; DAA; PH2; PNC); Yeast (1; DAA). Dosage: Class 2b, 2d. Contraindicated in patients with hemorrhagic disease or peptic ulcers. Notice: abortifacient, emmenagogue, and uterostimulant. May prolong blood coagulation time (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Not covered by Commission E. Contraindications: Class 2b, 2d. Contraindicated in patients with hemorrhagic disease or peptic ulcers. Notice: abortifacient, emmenagogue, and uterostimulant. May prolong blood coagulation time (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Not covered by Commission E. |
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| SAFFRON | Crocus sativus | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Abortifacient (2; PHR; PH2); Analgesic (f; APA; CRC; MAD); Antidepressant (f; PNC); Antidote (f; MAD); Antiedemic (1; APA); Antihysteric (f; CRC); Antioxidant (1; PR14:149); Antiradicular (1; PR14:149); Antiseptic (f; CRC); Antispasmodic (f; APA;CRC; HHB); Antitumor (1; PR14:149); Aphrodisiac (f; APA; CRC; MAD); Balsamic (f; CRC); Cardiotonic (f; CRC; EFS; MAD); Carminative (f; CRC; PNC); Diaphoretic (f; APA; CRC); Digestive (f; APA); Ecbolic (f; CRC); Emmenagogue (f; CRC; HHB; PNC); Emollient (f; APA); Expectorant (f; APA; CRC); Gastrogogue (f; PHR; PH2); Hemostat (f; MAD); Hypocholesterolemic (1; APA); Hypolipemic (1; PR14:149); Hypotensive (1; APA); Myorelaxant (f; APA); Narcotic (f; CRC; SKJ); Nervine (f; CRC); Neuroprotective (1; PR14:149); Sedative (f; APA; CRC; HHB); Stimulant (f; CRC; HHB); Stomachic (f; CRC; HHB); Toxic (f; CRC); Uterotonic (1; PHR; PH2). Indications: Adenopathy (f; JLH); Aegilops (f; JLH); Amenorrhea (1; CRC; MAD; PH2); Asthma (f; MAD); Bladder (f; CRC); Bleeding (f; DAA; MAD); Bronchosis (f; PH2); Burn (f; JLH); Cacoethes (f; JLH); Cancer (1; APA; PR14:149); Cancer, abdomen (1; APA; CRC); Cancer, bladder (1; APA; CRC); Cancer, breast (1; APA; CRC; JLH); Cancer, colon (1; APA; JLH); Cancer, diaphragm (1; APA; JLH); Cancer, ear (1; APA; CRC); Cancer, eye (1; APA; JLH); Cancer, kidney (1; APA; CRC); Cancer, larynx (1; APA; JLH); Cancer, liver (1; APA; CRC); Cancer, mouth (1; APA; CRC); Cancer, neck (1; APA; CRC); Cancer, spleen (1; APA; CRC); Cancer, stomach (1; APA; CRC; JLH); Cancer, testicle (1 APA; JLH); Cancer, throat (1; APA; JLH); Cancer, tonsil (1; APA; CRC); Cancer, uterus (1; APA; CRC; JLH); Cardiopathy (f; APA); Catarrh (f; CRC; SKJ); Cerebrosis (1; APA); Childbirth (f; DAA; PH2); Cholera (f; CRC); Chorea (f; HHB; MAD); Cold (f; CRC); Condyloma (f; DAA); Conjunctivosis (f; MAD); Cough (f; DAA; MAD); Cramp (f; APA; CRC; DAA; HHB); Cystosis (f; JLH); Depression (f; CRC; DAA; PNC); Dermatosis (f; CRC); Diabetes (f; CRC); Dysmenorrhea (f; DAA; HHB; MAD; PNC); Edema (1; APA); Enterosis (f; JLH); Epistaxis (f; MAD); Fear (f; CRC; DAA); Fever (f; APA; CRC; PH2); Fibroid (f; JLH); Gas (f; CRC; MAD; PNC); Gastrosis (f; JLH); Gout (f; MAD); Hangover (f; LIL); Headache (f; PH2); Hematosis (f; CRC); Hemoptysis (f; DAA; MAD); Hepatosis (f; CRC; JLH; SKJ); High Blood Pressure (1; APA); High Cholesterol (1; APA); Hysteria (f; CRC; DAA; MAD); Induration (f; JLH); Inflammation (f; JLH); Insomnia (f; APA; CRC; HHB); Lacrimosis (f; JLH); Laryngosis (f; JLH); Leukemia (f; JLH); Lochiostasis (f; PH2); Lymphoma (1; APA; JLH); Measles (f; CRC; DAA; MAD); Melancholy (f; CRC; HHB); Menorrhagia (f; HHB; PH2); Menoxenia (f; CRC); Nephrosis (f; JLH); Nervousness (f; APA; CRC; HHB); Neurosis (f; CRC); Obesity (1; PR14:149); Ophthalmia (f; JLH); Orchosis (f; JLH); Pain (f; APA; CRC; DAA; MAD); Parotosis (f; JLH); Pertussis (f; BIB; DAA; MAD); Phymata (f; JLH); Plague (f; MAD); Puerperium (f; CRC); Sclerosis (f; CRC); Shock (f; CRC; DAA); Snakebite (f; SKJ); Sore Throat (f; PH2); Spasm (f; CRC); Splenosis (f; CRC; JLH); Swelling (1; APA); Tonsilosis (f; JLH); Tumor (1; PR14:149); Twitching (f; MAD); Uterosis (f; CRC; DAA; JLH); VD (f; CRC; DAA); Vertigo (f; MAD); Vomiting (f; PH2); Wart (f; CRC). Dosage: Class 2b. Abortifacient, emmenagogue, and uterotonic. Severe side effects may result from ingesting 5 g saffron (LD = 20 g) (AHP).“Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Controversial. The 200 mg/kg dose of saffron alleged to extend the life of cancerous mice translates to 22,000 mg or 22 grams saffron with this 100-kg rat named Jim Duke. Commission E reports no risks for doses up to 1.5 g; however, 5 g is toxic, 10 g is abortive, and 20 g is lethal (AEH; PHR). Conversely, Tucker and DeBaggio report that “ingesting 0.05 oz (1.5 g) of saffron has resulted in death†(TAD). Paradoxically, the life-saving dose is lethal! It’s good that saffron is so expensive, we won’t have too many fools overdosing on it. Preferring to err on the safe side, let’s think of saffron only as an expensive spice to be used judiciously. Paella anyone? Contraindications: Class 2b. Abortifacient, emmenagogue, and uterotonic. Severe side effects may result from ingesting 5 g saffron (LD = 20 g) (AHP).“Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Controversial. The 200 mg/kg dose of saffron alleged to extend the life of cancerous mice translates to 22,000 mg or 22 grams saffron with this 100-kg rat named Jim Duke. Commission E reports no risks for doses up to 1.5 g; however, 5 g is toxic, 10 g is abortive, and 20 g is lethal (AEH; PHR). Conversely, Tucker and DeBaggio report that “ingesting 0.05 oz (1.5 g) of saffron has resulted in death†(TAD). Paradoxically, the life-saving dose is lethal! It’s good that saffron is so expensive, we won’t have too many fools overdosing on it. Preferring to err on the safe side, let’s think of saffron only as an expensive spice to be used judiciously. Paella anyone? |
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| SAGE | Salvia officinalis | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Anaphrodisiac (f; FEL); Antialzheimeran (1; COX; FNF); Antiarthritic (1; COX; FNF); Antibacterial (1; KOM; PH2; PIP; WAM); Anticancer (1; COX; FNF); Anticholinesterase (1; JAD); Antidiabetic (f; PH2); Antidiaphoretic (1; BGB; MAD); Antihydrotic (1; KOM; PHR); Antiinflammatory (1; COX; PNC); Antilactagogue (1; FNF; MAB); Antioxidant (1; APA; PED; WOI); Antiperspirant (2; APA; KOM; PH2; PNC); Antiproteolytic (1; HH2); Antiseptic (1; APA; PNC); Antisialagogue (2; BGB; FNF; PIP); Antispasmodic (1; CAN; PH2); Antiviral (1; KOM; PH2); Aperitif (1; PH2); Astringent (2; APA; KOM; PH2; WAM); Carminative (1; APA; PED; WOI); Choleretic (1; APA; HH2; PH2); Collyrium (f; JFM); Convulsant (1; APA; CAN); CNS Depressant (1; CAN); Convulsant (f; CRC); COX-2 Inhibitor (1; COX; FNF); Demulcent (1; WAM); Dentifrice (f; CRC); Deodorant (f; CRC; WOI); Diaphoretic (f; DEM; PHR; PH2); Diuretic (f; MAD); Emmenagogue (f; APA; MAD); Estrogenic (f; APA; BGB; CRC; WOI); Expectorant (f; FEL; MAD); Fungicide (1; HH2; KOM; PH2); Hypotensive (1; APA; CAN; PH2); Immunostimulant (f; PED); Intoxicant (f; CRC); Irritant (1; CAN); Laxative (f; DEM); Memorigenic (1; BGB); Myorelaxant (1; APA); Panacea (f; DEM); Secretagogue (2; KOM); Secretolytic (2; BGB; PH2; PIP); Sedative (1; CAN; DEM); Stomachic (f; MAD); Tonic (f; DEM; MAD); Vermifuge (f; DEM; FEL; JFM); Viristat (1; KOM; PIP); Vulnerary (f; APA). Indications: Acne (f; CAN); Alzheimer’s (1; COX; FNF); Alopecia (f; CRC); Amenorrhea (f; JFM); Angina (f; MAD); Anorexia (2; PHR; PH2); Aphtha (f; MAD); Arthrosis (1; COX; FNF); Asthma (1; CRC; PH2; WAM); Bacteria (1; CAN; KOM; PH2; PIP; WAM); Bleeding (f; MAD); Body Odor (f; WOI); Bronchosis (1; PH2); Bug Bite (f; APA); Cancer (1; APA; COX; FNF); Cancer, gum (f; CRC; JLH); Cancer, mouth (f; CRC; JLH); Candida (1; CAN; FNF; WOI); Canker Sore (f; APA); Catarrh (f; BGB; MAD); Cold (1; DEM; WAM); Colic (f; MAD); Constipation (f; DEM); Cough (1; APA; BGB; MAD; WAM); Cramp (1; APA; CAN; PH2); Cystosis (f; MAD); Debility (f; DEM); Depression (f; APA); Dermatosis (f; PHR; PH2); Diabetes (1; PH2); Diarrhea (f; APA; DEM; PHR; PH2); Dysentery (f; JFM); Dysmenorrhea (f; APA); Dyspepsia (2; APA; CAN; KOM; PH2); Dysphagia (f; APA); Dyspnea (f; MAD); Dysuria (f; MAD); Enterosis (1; APA;PHR; PH2); Escherichia (1; CAN; HH2); Fatigue (f; PH2); Fever (1; APA; DEM; JFM; MAD; PHR; PH2; WOI); Flu (f; JFM); Fungus (1; HH2; KOM; PH2); Gas (1; APA; PED; PH2; WOI); Gastrosis (1; APA; FEL; PH2); Gingirrhagia (1; PHR); Gingivosis (1; APA; CAN; PH2; PNC); Glossosis (1; CAN; PNC); Halitosis (f; PH2); Headache (f; MAD); Hepatosis (f; CRC); High Blood Pressure (1; APA; CAN; PH2); Hoarseness (1; BGB); Hot Flash (f; BGB); Hyperhydrosis (1; BGB; CAN; CRC); Hyperlactation (f; AHP); Hysteria (f; CRC); Immunodepression (f; PED); Infection (1; HH2; KOM; PH2); Infertility (f; BGB); Inflammation (1; COX; FNF; PH2; PNC); Insomnia (1; CAN; DEM); Laryngosis (f; PHR; PH2); Lethargy (f; CRC); Leukorrhea (f; MAD); Malaria (f; JFM); Measles (f; CRC); Mucososis (2; PH2; PIP); Mycosis (1; HH2; KOM; PH2); Nephrosis (f; CRC; MAD); Nervousness (1; CAN; DEM); Neurosis (f; CRC; PH2); Night Sweats (f; BGB; MAD); Odontosis (f; MAD); Ophthalmia (f; JFM); Pain (f; CRC); Perspiration (2; KOM; PH2; PIP); Pharyngosis (2; APA; CAN; KOM; PH2); Phthisis (f; CRC; MAD); Pulmonosis (1; CRC; MAD); Rheumatism (f; APA; CRC; FEL); Rhinosis (2; KOM; PH2); Salmonella (1; CAN; HH2); Shigella (1; CAN; HH2); Sore (1; BGB; MAD); Sore Throat (2; APA; PH2; PIP; PNC); Spermatorrhea (f; FEL); Splenosis (f; MAD); Sprain (f; APA); Stomatosis (2; APA; CAN; MAD; PHR; PH2); Tonsilosis (1; CRC; PNC); Toothache (f; CRC); Tuberculosis (f; APA); Tumor (f; CRC); Uterosis (f; MAD); Uvulosis (f; BGB; CAN; FEL); Virus (1; KOM; PH2; PIP); Water Retention (f; MAD); Worm (f; DEM; FEL; JFM); Wound (f; PHR; PH2). Dosage: Class 2b, 2d. Not for long-term use. Do not exceed recommended dose. Alcoholic extracts contraindicated in pregnancy (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Commission E reports for oral use of leaf, contraindications: pregnancy (EO/alcoholic extracts); adverse effects: prolonged use of EO/alcoholic extracts may produce epileptiform cramps. Other sources report leaf, as herbal tea, should not be used for prolonged period (AEH). “Contraindicated in pregnancy. May interfere with anticonvulsant and hypoglycemic therapies; may potentiate or synergize other sedatives. Human poisoning has followed ingestion of the convulsant EO for acne. In rats, sage oil is subclinically, clinically, and lethally convulsant at 300, 500, and 3200 mg/kg, respectively (CAN). CAN cautions that thujone and camphor in the volatile oil can be convulsant and toxic (CAN). LD50 (EO) = 2600 orl rat, LD50 (EO) = 5000 ind rbt (CAN). Taking more than 15 g or prolonged overuse can lead to thujone-induced convulsions, dizziness, hot flashes, and tachycardia (BIS). No more than 1 cup tea/day during pregnancy, max, for no more than 1 week (WAM). Extracts (Sage) — Fair source of COX-2 inhibiting oleanolic acid at ~0. 1% (COX). The whole sage extract has more activity than the flavonoid extract at inhibiting acetylcholine, histamine, and serotonin-induced muscle contractions. EO active against Bacillus (Gram-positive), Escherichia, Klebsiella (Gram-negative), Salmonella, and Shigella; and among fungi, Candida, Cryptococcus, and Torulopsis (CAN). Contraindications: Class 2b, 2d. Not for long-term use. Do not exceed recommended dose. Alcoholic extracts contraindicated in pregnancy (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Commission E reports for oral use of leaf, contraindications: pregnancy (EO/alcoholic extracts); adverse effects: prolonged use of EO/alcoholic extracts may produce epileptiform cramps. Other sources report leaf, as herbal tea, should not be used for prolonged period (AEH). “Contraindicated in pregnancy. May interfere with anticonvulsant and hypoglycemic therapies; may potentiate or synergize other sedatives. Human poisoning has followed ingestion of the convulsant EO for acne. In rats, sage oil is subclinically, clinically, and lethally convulsant at 300, 500, and 3200 mg/kg, respectively (CAN). CAN cautions that thujone and camphor in the volatile oil can be convulsant and toxic (CAN). LD50 (EO) = 2600 orl rat, LD50 (EO) = 5000 ind rbt (CAN). Taking more than 15 g or prolonged overuse can lead to thujone-induced convulsions, dizziness, hot flashes, and tachycardia (BIS). No more than 1 cup tea/day during pregnancy, max, for no more than 1 week (WAM). Extracts (Sage) — Fair source of COX-2 inhibiting oleanolic acid at ~0. 1% (COX). The whole sage extract has more activity than the flavonoid extract at inhibiting acetylcholine, histamine, and serotonin-induced muscle contractions. EO active against Bacillus (Gram-positive), Escherichia, Klebsiella (Gram-negative), Salmonella, and Shigella; and among fungi, Candida, Cryptococcus, and Torulopsis (CAN). |
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| SAGO CYCAS | Cycas revoluta | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Antirheumatic (f; CRC); Astringent (f; CRC); Diuretic (f; CRC); Emmenagogue (f; CRC); Expectorant (f; CRC); Tonic (f; CRC); Tumorigenic (f; CRC). Indications: Cancer (f; CRC); Cancer, Lung (f; CRC); Hepatoma (f; CRC); Rheumatism (f; CRC); Water Retention (f; CRC). Dosage: “Cycasin is carcinogenic if orally administered to rats and pigs. With cattle neurotoxic effects are obvious. Other toxic symptoms include anemia, depression, diarrhea, jaundice, gastroenterosis, hemorrhage, nausea, coma, partial paralysis, and possibly death. Apparently it is mutagenic to onion root tip cells. Frequent use of the starch is suspected to cause cancer and hepatosis†(CRC). Contraindications: “Cycasin is carcinogenic if orally administered to rats and pigs. With cattle neurotoxic effects are obvious. Other toxic symptoms include anemia, depression, diarrhea, jaundice, gastroenterosis, hemorrhage, nausea, coma, partial paralysis, and possibly death. Apparently it is mutagenic to onion root tip cells. Frequent use of the starch is suspected to cause cancer and hepatosis†(CRC). |
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| SALAD BURNET, GREAT BURNET | Sanguisorba officinalis | |
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Synonyms: Poterium officinale (L.) A. Gray, S. carnea Fisch. ex Link, S. polygama F. Nyl. Actions: Analgesic (f; EFS); Antibacterial (1; FAD); Antiedemic (1; FAD); Antiemetic (f; FAD); Antipyretic (f; FAD); Antiseptic (1; FAD; HH2); Antistress (1; HH2); Aperitif (f; PH2); Astringent (1; FAD; MAD; PH2); Climacteric (f; MAD); Decongestant (f; PH2); Diaphoretic (f; EFS); Diuretic (f; PH2); Hemostat (1; FAD; PH2); Hypoglycemic (1; HH2); Protease Inhibitor (1; HH2); Stomachic (f; EFS); Tineacide (2; PNC); Tonic (f; EFS); Vermifuge (f; MAD); Vulnerary (f; EFS). Indications: Ameba (1; MAD); Anorexia (f; PH2); Bacteria (1; FAD); Bite (f; PH2); Blackhead (f; MAD); Bleeding (1; CAN; FAD; PH2); Boil (f; PHR); Burn (1; FAD; PNC); Cancer (f; JLH; MAD); Cancer, abdomen (f; JLH); Cancer, anus (f; JLH); Cancer, colon (f; JLH); Cancer, gum (f; JLH); Cancer, uterus (f; JLH); Catarrh (f; HHB); Congestion (f; PH2); Cough (f; PH2); Cystosis (f; PH2); Dermatosis (2; MAD; PNC); Diarrhea (f; CAN; PH2); Dysentery (2; FAD; MAD; PH2; PNC); Dysmenorrhea (f; HHB); Eczema (2; PNC); Enterosis (f; PHR; PH2); Enterorrhagia (1; PNC); Epistaxis (f; PH2); Exanthema (f; MAD); Fever (f; EFS; FAD); Fistula (f; MAD); Gingivosis (1; JLH; PNC); Hematoptysis (f; PH2); Hemorrhoid (1; FAD; HHB; PH2); Hot Flash (f; PHR); Hyperglycemia (1; HH2); Hysteria (f; MAD; PH2); Impostume (f; PH2); Infection (1; HH2); Menopause (f; PH2); Metrorrhagia (1; FAD; MAD; PH2); Pain (f; EFS); Phlebitis (f; MAD; PHR; PH2); Proctosis (f; JLH); Pulmonosis (f; HHB; MAD); Sore (f; HH2; WO2); Swelling (1; FAD); Tuberculosis (f; MAD; PH2); Ulcerative Colitis (1; CAN); Uterrhagia (1; PNC); Uterosis (f; JLH; MAD; PH2); Varicosis (f; MAD; PHR; PH2); Vomiting (f; FAD); Water Retention (f; PH2); Worm (f; MAD); Wound (f; HH2; PHR; PH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Here’s the broken record (template) played by CAN: In view of the lack of phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicity data, use during pregnancy and lactation should be avoided. Excessive use should be avoided (CAN). We could say that about any herb that has not been studied extensively. Few pharmaceuticals have been proven for pregnant and lactating women, and for pediatric dosages. Should we ask more of the long-used herbs? Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Here’s the broken record (template) played by CAN: In view of the lack of phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicity data, use during pregnancy and lactation should be avoided. Excessive use should be avoided (CAN). We could say that about any herb that has not been studied extensively. Few pharmaceuticals have been proven for pregnant and lactating women, and for pediatric dosages. Should we ask more of the long-used herbs? |
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