| English Name | Botanical Name | More Info |
|---|---|---|
| ALLSPICE | Pimenta dioica | |
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Synonyms: Myrtus dioica L., M. pimenta L., P. officinalis Lindl., P. pimenta (L.) H. Karst., P. vulgaris Lindl. Actions: Analgesic (1; CRC; FNF; PH2); Anesthetic (1; APA; RIN); Anticonvulsant (1; APA); Antioxidant (1; APA; CRC); Antipyretic (f; JFM); Antiseptic (1; APA; PH2); Antispasmodic (f; APA); Antiviral (1; APA); Candidicide (1; APA); Carminative (1; APA; CRC; JFM); CNS-Depressant (1; APA); Depurative (f; CRC; JFM); Digestive (1; APA); Fungicide (1; AAB; APA; CRC); Hypotensive (1; ABS); Irritant (1; PH2); Larvicide (1; APA); Parasiticide (1; APA); Rubefacient (1; PH2); Stimulant (f; CRC; HHB); Stomachic (f; CRC; JFM); Tonic (f; CRC; HHB). Indications: Arthrosis (1; RIN); Athlete’s Foot (1; AAB); Bacteria (1; APA); Bruise (f; CRC); Candida (1; APA); Cold (f; CRC); Colic (1; APA); Convulsion (1; APA); Corn (f; CRC; JLH); Cramp (1; AAB; APA); Diabetes (f; CRC; JFM); Diarrhea (f; APA); Dysmenorrhea (1; AAB; CRC; JFM); Dyspepsia (f; AAB; APA; CRC); Enterosis (f; APA); Fatigue (1; AAB); Fever (f; JFM); Fungus (1; AAB; APA; CRC); Gas (1; AAB; APA; CRC; JFM); Gingivosis (1; APA); High Blood Pressure (1; ABS); Infection (1; AAB; APA; CRC); Myalgia (1; APA); Mycosis (1; AAB; APA; CRC); Neuralgia (f; CRC); Pain (1; AAB; APA; CRC; FNF; PH2; RIN); Parasite (1; APA); Rheumatism (1; AAB; CRC); Stomachache (1; APA; CRC); Stomatosis (1; APA); Toothache (1; APA); Vaginosis (1; APA); Virus (1; APA); Vomiting (1; APA; FNF); Yeast (1; APA). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). Not covered (KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). Not covered (KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). |
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| ALLSPICE | Pimenta dioica | |
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Synonyms: Myrtus dioica L., M. pimenta L., P. officinalis Lindl., P. pimenta (L.) H. Karst., P. vulgaris Lindl. Actions: Analgesic (1; CRC; FNF; PH2); Anesthetic (1; APA; RIN); Anticonvulsant (1; APA); Antioxidant (1; APA; CRC); Antipyretic (f; JFM); Antiseptic (1; APA; PH2); Antispasmodic (f; APA); Antiviral (1; APA); Candidicide (1; APA); Carminative (1; APA; CRC; JFM); CNS-Depressant (1; APA); Depurative (f; CRC; JFM); Digestive (1; APA); Fungicide (1; AAB; APA; CRC); Hypotensive (1; ABS); Irritant (1; PH2); Larvicide (1; APA); Parasiticide (1; APA); Rubefacient (1; PH2); Stimulant (f; CRC; HHB); Stomachic (f; CRC; JFM); Tonic (f; CRC; HHB). Indications: Arthrosis (1; RIN); Athlete’s Foot (1; AAB); Bacteria (1; APA); Bruise (f; CRC); Candida (1; APA); Cold (f; CRC); Colic (1; APA); Convulsion (1; APA); Corn (f; CRC; JLH); Cramp (1; AAB; APA); Diabetes (f; CRC; JFM); Diarrhea (f; APA); Dysmenorrhea (1; AAB; CRC; JFM); Dyspepsia (f; AAB; APA; CRC); Enterosis (f; APA); Fatigue (1; AAB); Fever (f; JFM); Fungus (1; AAB; APA; CRC); Gas (1; AAB; APA; CRC; JFM); Gingivosis (1; APA); High Blood Pressure (1; ABS); Infection (1; AAB; APA; CRC); Myalgia (1; APA); Mycosis (1; AAB; APA; CRC); Neuralgia (f; CRC); Pain (1; AAB; APA; CRC; FNF; PH2; RIN); Parasite (1; APA); Rheumatism (1; AAB; CRC); Stomachache (1; APA; CRC); Stomatosis (1; APA); Toothache (1; APA); Vaginosis (1; APA); Virus (1; APA); Vomiting (1; APA; FNF); Yeast (1; APA). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). Not covered (KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). Not covered (KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). |
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| ALMOND | Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb | |
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Synonyms: Amygdalus communis L., A. dulcis Mill., Prunus amygdalus Batsch, P. communis (L.) Arcang., P. dulcis var. amara (DC.) Buchheim. Actions: Allergenic (1; JAF49:2131); Alterative (f; BIB); Antibacterial (1; APA; MPI); Aphrodisiac (f; BIB); Astringent (f; BIB); Carminative (f; BIB); Cyanogenic (f; BIB); Demulcent (1; APA; BIB; EFS; PH2); Discutient (f; BIB); Diuretic (f; BIB; DEP); Emollient (1; APA; BIB; EFS); Laxative (1; APA; BIB); Litholytic (f; BIB; DEP; WOI); Nervine (f; BIB; WOI); Pediculicide (f; DEP); Sedative (f; BIB); Stimulant (f; BIB); Tonic (f; BIB). Indications: Acne (f; BIB); Adenopathy (1; JLH); Ascites (f; BIB); Asthma (f; BIB); Bacteria (1; APA; MPI); Biliousness (f; BIB); Bronchosis (f; BIB); Callus (f; BIB; JLH); Cancer (f; BIB; JLH); Cancer, bladder (1; APA); Cancer, breast (1; APA; JLH); Cancer, colon (1; ABS); Cancer, gland (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, liver (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, mouth (1; APA); Cancer, spleen (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, stomach (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, uterus (1; FNF; JLH); Cardiopathy (1; APA); Cold (f; BIB); Colic (f; BIB); Condyloma (f; BIB; JLH); Constipation (1; APA); Corn (f; BIB; JLH); Cough (f; BIB; DEP; PH2); Cramp (f; BIB); Cystosis (f; BIB; JLH); Delirium (f; BIB); Dermatosis (f; BIB; PH2; WOI); Diabetes (f; DAA); Dysmenorrhea (f; DEP); Dyspnea (f; BIB); Enterosis (f; DEP); Furuncle (f; BIB); Gas (f; BIB); Gingivosis (f; BIB); Gleet (f; BIB); Gravel (f; BIB); Headache (f; BIB; DEP); Heartburn (f; BIB); Hepatosis (f; BIB; DEP; JLH); High Cholesterol (1; APA); Hydrophobia (f; BIB); Impotence (f; BIB); Induration (f; BIB; JLH); Inflammation (f; BIB); Insomnia (f; BIB); Itch (f; BIB; WOI); Leukoderma (f; BIB); Nausea (f; PH2); Nephrosis (f; BIB); Nervousness (f; BIB); Neuralgia (f; DEP); Ophthalmia (f; DEP); Otosis (f; BIB); Pain (f; DEP); Pulmonosis (f; BIB); Respirosis (f; EFS); Sclerosis (f; JLH); Sore (f; BIB; JLH); Sore Throat (f; BIB); Splenosis (f; BIB; DEP; JLH); Staphylococcus (1; MPI); Stomatosis (f; BIB); Stone (f; BIB; DEP; WOI); Streptococcus (1; MPI); Swelling (f; JLH); Ulcer (f; BIB); VD (f; BIB); Vomiting (f; PH2); Water Retention (f; BIB; DEP). Dosage: (PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Ten bitter almonds said to be fatal to children, 60 to an adult (PH2). Of U.S. citizens, 0.5% show sensitivity to tree nuts, 0.6% to peanuts, and an additional 0.3% allergic to nuts but not specifying or differentiating between tree nut and peanut allergy. Contraindications: (PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Ten bitter almonds said to be fatal to children, 60 to an adult (PH2). Of U.S. citizens, 0.5% show sensitivity to tree nuts, 0.6% to peanuts, and an additional 0.3% allergic to nuts but not specifying or differentiating between tree nut and peanut allergy. |
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| ALMOND OIL | Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb | |
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Synonyms: Amygdalus communis L., A. dulcis Mill., Prunus amygdalus Batsch, P. communis (L.) Arcang., P. dulcis var. amara (DC.) Buchheim Actions: Antibacterial (1; APA); Demulcent (2; APA); Emollient (2; APA); Laxative (2; APA). Indications: Bacteria (1; APA); Cancer, bladder (1; APA); Cancer, breast (1; APA); Cancer, oral (1; APA); Cardiopathy (2; APA); Constipation (2; APA); High Cholesterol (2; APA). Dosage: Class 3 (AHP). Ten bitter almonds said to be fatal to child, 60 to adult (PHR). Contraindications: Class 3 (AHP). Ten bitter almonds said to be fatal to child, 60 to adult (PHR). |
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| ALOE | Aloe vera | |
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Synonyms: A. barbadensis Mill., A. perfoliata var. vera L., A. vulgaris Lam. Actions: Abortifacient (1; WO3); Analgesic (1; PH2); Antiaggregant (f; CRC); Antiaging (f; WO3); Antialcoholic (1; WO3); Antibacterial (1; APA); Antidote, alcohol (1; WO3); Antiedemic (1; CAN; WHO); Antiherpetic (1; AAB; PH2); Antihistaminic (1; APA); Antiinflammatory (1; AAB; CAN; PH2; WHO; WO3); Antiplaque (f; WO3); Antiprostaglandin (1; WHO); Antiseptic (1; CRC; PH2); Antithromboxane (1; PH2; WHO); Antiulcer (1; AAB; PH2); Antiviral (1; AAB; PH2; WO3); Antiwrinkle (f; WO3); Aperient (f; DAA; DEP); Arylamine-N-Acetyltransferase- Inhibitor (1; PH2); Bitter (f; PED); Cholagogue (f; CRC); Collagenic (1; PH2); Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor (1; PH2); Demulcent (1; WAM); Depurative (f; CRC); Digestive (1; CRC; WAM); Emmenagogue (1; DAA; MPI); Emollient (1; WAM); Fungicide (1; APA; PH2); Hemostat (1; WO3); Hypocholesterolemic (1; WO3); Hypoglycemic (1; CAN); Immunomodulator (1; PH2); Insecticide (f; CRC); Larvicide (f; CRC); Laxative (1; PH2; WAM); Microcirculatory Stimulant (f; CAN); Mitogenic (1; WO3); Moisturizer (1; CRC); Nematicide (1; CRC); Phagocytotic (1; CAN; PNC); Propecic (f; KAP); Radioprotective (1; MPI); Stimulant (f; CRC); Stomachic (f; CRC; MPI); Tonic (f; MPI); Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor (1; PH2); Vermifuge (1; MPI); Vulnerary (1; CAN; WAM; WHO; WO3). Indications: Abrasion (1; WHO); Abscess (f; CAN); Acne (f; CRC; WHO); Acrochordon (f; CRC); Adenopathy (f; DEP); Alcoholism (1; WO3); Alopecia (f; CRC; KAP); Amenorrhea (f; CRC; PH2); Anemia (f; WHO); Apoplexy (f; DEP); Arthrosis (1; CAN; WO3); Asthma (1; CAN; KAP; PNC); Bacteria (1; APA; PH2); Bleeding (1; CRC; WO3); Blindness (f; WHO); Boil (f; AAB); Bronchosis (1; CAN; WO3); Bruise (1; WHO); Bug Bite (1; APA); Burn (1; AAB; CAN; WAM; WHO); Cancer (1; FNF, JAD; JLH; PH2); Cancer, anus (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, breast (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, larynx (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, lip (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, liver (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, lymph (f; DEP); Cancer, nose (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, skin (1; CRC; JLH); Cancer, stomach (1; CRC; JLH; PH2); Cancer, tongue (f; JLH); Cancer, uterus (f; CRC; JLH); Childbirth (f; CRC; DAA); Cold (f; CRC); Colic (f; KAP; PH2); Condyloma (f; CRC; JLH); Conjunctivosis (f; DEP; PHR); Constipation (adult only) (2; DAA; PH2; WAM); Convulsion (f; CRC); Cough (f; APA; CRC; KAP); Decubitis (f; AAB); Dermatosis (1; PH2; WHO; WO3); Diabetes (1; APA; CAN); Dysmenorrhea (f; KAP); Dyspepsia (f; CRC); Eczema (f; CAN; CRC); Enterosis (f; CRC; WO3); Epilepsy (f; KAP); Erysipelas (f; CRC); Fever (f; DEP); Frostbite (1; APA; PH2; WHO); Fungus (1; AAB; APA; MPI; PH2); Gastrosis (f; CRC; WO3); Gingivosis (f; WO3); Glaucoma (f; WHO); Hemorrhoid (f; APA; CRC; WHO); Hepatosis (f; CRC; DEP); Herpes (1; AAB; PH2); High Cholesterol (1; WO3); HIV (1; WO3); Hyperglycemia (1; CAN); Hysteria (f; CRC); Immunodepression (1; CAN; PNC); Indigestion (1; WAM); Infection (1; APA; PH2); Infertility (1; CRC; MPI); Inflammation (1; AAB; CAN; CRC; PH2; WHO; WO3); Ischemia (1; PH2); Itch (f; DAA); Jaundice (f; CRC); Leukemia (f; CRC; JLH); Mouth Sore (1; CAN); Mycosis (1; APA; FNF; PH2; WHO); Ophthalmia (f; DEP); Pain (1; PH2); Peptic Ulcer (1; CAN; CRC); PMS (f; APA); Proctosis (f; CRC); Psoriasis (2; CAN; PH2; WHO); Radiation Burn (1; CRC; DAA; WHO); Rash (1; AAB); Rheumatism (f; WO3); Ringworm (1; APA); Salmonella (1; CRC); Seborrhea (f; WHO); Splenosis (f; DEP); Staphylococcus (1; CRC; PH2); Stomatosis (f; JLH); Streptococcus (1; CRC); Sunburn (1; AAB; PNC; WAM); Swelling (1; CAN; WHO); Syphilis (f; PHR); Trachosis (f; WO3); Tuberculosis (1; DAA; KAP); Tumor (1; CRC); Ulcer (1; AAB; APA; PH2; WAM; WHO; WO3); Uterosis (f; CRC); Vaginosis (f; APA); VD (f; CRC); Virus (1; AAB; PH2; WO3); Wart (f; CRC; JLH); Worm (1; CRC; MPI; PH2); Wound (1; APA; CAN; CRC); Wrinkle (f; WO3). Dosage: Gel Class 1 Internally; Gel Class 2d Externally (AHP); Powder Class 2b, 2c, 2d. Anthraquinones may be purgative and GI tract irritant (CAN). Commission E reports contraindications, adverse effects, and interactions of anthranoid laxatives (AEH). Because of its laxative and reputed abortifacient actions, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. However, they suggest that topical, but not oral, application may be okay in pregnancy and lactation (CAN). The latex can be a drastic laxative. Contraindicated for pregnant women and children (LRNP). Do not use internally in pregnancy (WAM). Do not use with undiagnosed abdominal pain (WAM). Do not use internally for more than 10 days (WAM). Epidemiological studies in Germany reveal that abusers of anthranoid laxatives have three times higher rate of colon carcinoma (AEH:115). May cause allergic dermatosis. Taken in excess may result in ulcers or irritated bowels (TMA, 1996). Hypoglycemic. Naturopaths Yarnell and Meserole (1996) state that people allergic to aloe may develop a severe rash following its application. Alcoholic extract at 100 mg/kg for 3 months toxic in mice (AAB). Contraindications: Gel Class 1 Internally; Gel Class 2d Externally (AHP); Powder Class 2b, 2c, 2d. Anthraquinones may be purgative and GI tract irritant (CAN). Commission E reports contraindications, adverse effects, and interactions of anthranoid laxatives (AEH). Because of its laxative and reputed abortifacient actions, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. However, they suggest that topical, but not oral, application may be okay in pregnancy and lactation (CAN). The latex can be a drastic laxative. Contraindicated for pregnant women and children (LRNP). Do not use internally in pregnancy (WAM). Do not use with undiagnosed abdominal pain (WAM). Do not use internally for more than 10 days (WAM). Epidemiological studies in Germany reveal that abusers of anthranoid laxatives have three times higher rate of colon carcinoma (AEH:115). May cause allergic dermatosis. Taken in excess may result in ulcers or irritated bowels (TMA, 1996). Hypoglycemic. Naturopaths Yarnell and Meserole (1996) state that people allergic to aloe may develop a severe rash following its application. Alcoholic extract at 100 mg/kg for 3 months toxic in mice (AAB). |
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| ALOES | Aloe vera | |
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Synonyms: A. barbadensis Mill., A. perfoliata var. vera L., A. vulgaris Lam. Actions: Antiallergic (f; PED); Anticancer (1; CAN; PNC); Bitter (f; PED); Cell- Proliferant (f; PED); Demulcent (f; PED); Emmenagogue (f; CRC; PNC); Gastrotonic (f; AAB); Hepatotonic (f; AAB); Hypoglycemic (1; CAN); Laxative (2; AAB; CRC; KOM; PNC; SHT; WHO); Nephrotonic (f; AAB); Pancreatonic (f; AAB); Stomachic (f; CRC); Sunscreen (f; PNC); Vermifuge (1; MPI; PHR). Indications: Abrasion (f; CRC); Allergy (f; PED); Amenorrhea (f; CAN; PHR); Atherosclerosis (f; PHR); Cancer (1; CAN; FNF; PNC); Colic (f; PHR); Constipation (2; KOM; SHT; WOI); Dermatosis (f; CRC; PHR; WHO); Diabetes (1; CAN; PHR); Dysmenorrhea (f; CAN; PHR); Fungus (1; FNF; JAD); Aloes; inner leaf only, powdered:Gastrosis (f; PHR; WOI); Hepatosis (f; APA); Hyperglycemia (1; CAN; WHO); Infection (f; PHR); Mycosis (1; APA; WHO); Seborrhea (f; WHO); Tuberculosis (f; WHO); Tumor (1; FNF; PHR); Ulcer (f; PED; WHO); Worm (1; FNF; JAD; MPI; PHR).Indications (Aloes) — Amenorrhea (f; CAN; PHR); Atherosclerosis (f; PHR); Colic (f; PHR); Constipation (2; KOM; SHT; WOI); Dermatosis (f; PHR; WHO); Diabetes (f; PHR); Dysmenorrhea (f; CAN; PHR); Gastrosis (f; PHR; WOI); Hepatosis (f; APA); Hyperglycemia (f; WHO); Infection (f; PHR); Mycosis (1; APA; WHO); Seborrhea (f; WHO); Tuberculosis (f; WHO); Tumor (f; PHR); Ulcer (f; WHO); Worm (f; PHR). Dosage: Dermatosis, diarrhea, intestinal cramps, ulcers. Also contraindicated in hemorrhoids, ileus, and nephropathy (BIS; CAN; KOM), intestinal obstruction, abdominal pain of unknown causes, any enteritis (appendicitis, colitis, Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome), and menstruation (AHP). Commission E reports contraindications, adverse effects, and interactions of anthranoid laxatives (AEH). Naturopaths Yarnell and Meserole (1996) state that people allergic to aloe may develop a severe rash following its application. Anthraquinones may be purgative, and GI tract irritant (CAN). Because of its laxative and reputed abortifacient actions, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. “Anthraquinones may be secreted into breast milk†(AHP). Do not use more than 8–10 days (AHP). “Do not use in cases of abdominal pain or diarrhea. Discontinue use if diarrhea or watery stools occur. Consult a health care provider prior to use in pregnancy or nursing. Not for long-term use or overdosage (AHP). Speaking of Aloe spicata, “Because of its drastic laxative action it is not commonly employed in the United States. Clinical (Aloes) — A nondialysable fraction (with mixed polysaccharides) enhances phagocytosis in adult bronchial asthma (perhaps due to endogenous cyclooxygenase synthesizing prostaglandins especially PGE-2, with some TXB-2, PGD-2, PGF-2, and 6 keto-PGF-1b). PGE-2 has been associated with the beneficial effect on asthma. Contraindications: Dermatosis, diarrhea, intestinal cramps, ulcers. Also contraindicated in hemorrhoids, ileus, and nephropathy (BIS; CAN; KOM), intestinal obstruction, abdominal pain of unknown causes, any enteritis (appendicitis, colitis, Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome), and menstruation (AHP). Commission E reports contraindications, adverse effects, and interactions of anthranoid laxatives (AEH). Naturopaths Yarnell and Meserole (1996) state that people allergic to aloe may develop a severe rash following its application. Anthraquinones may be purgative, and GI tract irritant (CAN). Because of its laxative and reputed abortifacient actions, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. “Anthraquinones may be secreted into breast milk†(AHP). Do not use more than 8–10 days (AHP). “Do not use in cases of abdominal pain or diarrhea. Discontinue use if diarrhea or watery stools occur. Consult a health care provider prior to use in pregnancy or nursing. Not for long-term use or overdosage (AHP). Speaking of Aloe spicata, “Because of its drastic laxative action it is not commonly employed in the United States. Clinical (Aloes) — A nondialysable fraction (with mixed polysaccharides) enhances phagocytosis in adult bronchial asthma (perhaps due to endogenous cyclooxygenase synthesizing prostaglandins especially PGE-2, with some TXB-2, PGD-2, PGF-2, and 6 keto-PGF-1b). PGE-2 has been associated with the beneficial effect on asthma. |
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| ALPINE CRANBERRY | Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Antiherpetic (1; HH2); Antiseptic (1; PH2); Antiviral (1; PH2); Astringent (f; HHB; HH2); Cyclooxygenase-Activator (1; HH2); Cytotoxic (1; HH2); Fungicide (1; HHB); Urinary Antiseptic (1; PH2). Indications: Bleeding (1; HHB); Calculus (f; PH2); Cancer (f; JLH); Cancer, breast (f; JLH); Childbirth (f; HHB); Cold (f; DEM); Cough (f; DEM; HHB); Diarrhea (1; HHB; HH2); Flu (1; HH2); Fungus (1; HHB); Gout (f; PH2); Herpes (1; HH2); Infection (1; HHB; PH2); Inflammation (1; HH2); Mastosis (f; JLH); Mycosis (1; HHB; HH2); Respirosis (f; HHB); Rheumatism (f; PH2); Sore Throat (f; DEM); Stone (f; PH2); Swelling (f; HH2); Urethrosis (f; HH2); UTI (f; PH2); Virus (1; PH2). Dosage: Contraindicated in pregnancy, nursing, and in children under 12 years of age. Since the urinary antisepsis depends on an alkaline environment, acidifying herbs should be avoided (PH2). At 5 g/kg orl cat, the leaves cause the same intoxication as a toxic dose of hydroquinone (HH2). Liver damage could occur with long-term use or overdose, due to possible hepatotoxicity of the hydroquinones released. Hydroquinone intoxication, apparently roughly dose dependent, may occur with many Ericaceae, proportionate to their hydroquinone content. Without comparative analysis, we may even add the warning to other blueberries, cranberries, and bearberries. Contraindications: Contraindicated in pregnancy, nursing, and in children under 12 years of age. Since the urinary antisepsis depends on an alkaline environment, acidifying herbs should be avoided (PH2). At 5 g/kg orl cat, the leaves cause the same intoxication as a toxic dose of hydroquinone (HH2). Liver damage could occur with long-term use or overdose, due to possible hepatotoxicity of the hydroquinones released. Hydroquinone intoxication, apparently roughly dose dependent, may occur with many Ericaceae, proportionate to their hydroquinone content. Without comparative analysis, we may even add the warning to other blueberries, cranberries, and bearberries. |
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| ALPINE CRANBERRY | Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Antiherpetic (1; HH2); Antiseptic (1; PH2); Antiviral (1; PH2); Astringent (f; HHB; HH2); Cyclooxygenase-Activator (1; HH2); Cytotoxic (1; HH2); Fungicide (1; HHB); Urinary Antiseptic (1; PH2). Indications: Bleeding (1; HHB); Calculus (f; PH2); Cancer (f; JLH); Cancer, breast (f; JLH); Childbirth (f; HHB); Cold (f; DEM); Cough (f; DEM; HHB); Diarrhea (1; HHB; HH2); Flu (1; HH2); Fungus (1; HHB); Gout (f; PH2); Herpes (1; HH2); Infection (1; HHB; PH2); Inflammation (1; HH2); Mastosis (f; JLH); Mycosis (1; HHB; HH2); Respirosis (f; HHB); Rheumatism (f; PH2); Sore Throat (f; DEM); Stone (f; PH2); Swelling (f; HH2); Urethrosis (f; HH2); UTI (f; PH2); Virus (1; PH2). Dosage: Contraindicated in pregnancy, nursing, and in children under 12 years of age. Since the urinary antisepsis depends on an alkaline environment, acidifying herbs should be avoided (PH2). At 5 g/kg orl cat, the leaves cause the same intoxication as a toxic dose of hydroquinone (HH2). Liver damage could occur with long-term use or overdose, due to possible hepatotoxicity of the hydroquinones released. Hydroquinone intoxication, apparently roughly dose dependent, may occur with many Ericaceae, proportionate to their hydroquinone content. Without comparative analysis, we may even add the warning to other blueberries, cranberries, and bearberries. Contraindications: Contraindicated in pregnancy, nursing, and in children under 12 years of age. Since the urinary antisepsis depends on an alkaline environment, acidifying herbs should be avoided (PH2). At 5 g/kg orl cat, the leaves cause the same intoxication as a toxic dose of hydroquinone (HH2). Liver damage could occur with long-term use or overdose, due to possible hepatotoxicity of the hydroquinones released. Hydroquinone intoxication, apparently roughly dose dependent, may occur with many Ericaceae, proportionate to their hydroquinone content. Without comparative analysis, we may even add the warning to other blueberries, cranberries, and bearberries. |
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| ALPINE RAGWORT | Senecio nemorensis | |
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Synonyms: PH2 may have been confused in assigning the common names life root and squaw weed to this species, more often reserved for American S. aureus. Some data (HHB) apply to ssp. fuchsii. Actions: Carcinogenic (1; HHB; PH2); Hemostat (1; HHB; PH2); Hepatotoxic (1; HHB; PH2); Hypoglycemic (1; PH2); Hypotensive (f; BRU). Indications: Bleeding (1; BRU; HHB; PH2); Diabetes (1; PH2); High Blood Pressure (f; BRU; PH2); Hyperglycemia (1; PH2); Odontosis (f; PH2); Uterostimulant (f; PH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). Contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in considerable amounts and varieties, which can be carcinogenic, hepatotoxic, and mutagenic. Use of Senecio species can result in potentially fatal hepatic veno-occlusive disease in humans, with symptoms of abdominal pain and vomiting with ascites. PAs are toxic to humans, with liver damage with cirrhosis and ascites, or seneciosis (VOD) reported in almost all cases of severe or fatal intoxications, from intakes of 0.5 mg/kg to 3.3 mg/kg (AEH). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). Contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in considerable amounts and varieties, which can be carcinogenic, hepatotoxic, and mutagenic. Use of Senecio species can result in potentially fatal hepatic veno-occlusive disease in humans, with symptoms of abdominal pain and vomiting with ascites. PAs are toxic to humans, with liver damage with cirrhosis and ascites, or seneciosis (VOD) reported in almost all cases of severe or fatal intoxications, from intakes of 0.5 mg/kg to 3.3 mg/kg (AEH). |
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| ALPINE ROSE | Rhododendron ferrugineum | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Astringent (1; HHB); Diuretic (f; HHB); Hypotensive (f; PH2); Litholytic (f; HH2); Sedative (f; HHB). Indications: Arthrosis (f; PHR); Calculus (f; PHR; PH2); Gas (f; PH2); Gout (f; HHB; PHR; PH2); High Blood Pressure (f; PHR; PH2); Hypertonia (f; PHR); Insomnia (f; HHB); Migraine (f; PHR; PH2); Myalgia (f; PHR; PH2); Nervousness (f; HHB); Neuralgia (f; PHR; PH2); Orchosis (f; PH2); Rheumatism (f; HHB; PHR; PH2); Senility (f; PH2); Stone (f; HHB; HH2); Water Retention (f; HHB). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). Commission E reports for leaf, toxic diterpenes may be present and chronic use may lead to hydroquinone poisoning (due to the presence of arbutin) (AEH; HH2). Signs of intoxication: arrhythmia, bradycardia, cold sweats, cramps, diarrhea, dyspnea, hypotension, paresthesia, poor coordination, salivation, stupor, finally leading to possible death through apnea or cardiac failure (PH2). There are no reports of serious instances of poisoning of patients used to taking it as an infusion in folk medicine (daily dose 5–6 g). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). Commission E reports for leaf, toxic diterpenes may be present and chronic use may lead to hydroquinone poisoning (due to the presence of arbutin) (AEH; HH2). Signs of intoxication: arrhythmia, bradycardia, cold sweats, cramps, diarrhea, dyspnea, hypotension, paresthesia, poor coordination, salivation, stupor, finally leading to possible death through apnea or cardiac failure (PH2). There are no reports of serious instances of poisoning of patients used to taking it as an infusion in folk medicine (daily dose 5–6 g). |
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