| English Name | Botanical Name | More Info |
|---|---|---|
| ANEMARRHENA | Anemarrhena asphodelioides Bunge | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Antiaggregant (1; PH2); Antiinflammatory (1; DAA); Antipyretic (1; DAA; PH2); Bitter (1; LMP); Depurative (f; LMP); Diuretic (f; LMP); Expectorant (f; DAA); Hypoglycemic (1; DAA); Laxative (f; DAA); Peristaltic (1; LMP). Indications: Agitation (f; PH2); Bronchosis (f; DAA); Cancer (1; DAA); Childbirth (f; LMP); Cough (f; PH2); Dehydration (f; PH2); Diabetes (1; DAA; PH2); Dysentery (f; LMP); Dysuria (f; DAA; LMP); Fever (1; DAA; PH2); Flu (f; DAA); Hyperemesis (f; LMP); Hyperglycemia (1; DAA); Inflammation (1; DAA; PH2); Lumbago (f; DAA); Morning Sickness (f; LMP); Osteosis (f; PH2); Pain (f; PH2); Pneumonia (f; DAA); Scarlet Fever (f; PH2); Spermatorrhea (f; PH2); Strangury (f; PH2); Thirst (f; DAA); Tinnitus (f; DAA); Tuberculosis (f; PH2); Typhoid (f; DAA); Typhus (f; PH2); Vertigo (f; DAA); Water Retention (f; LMP). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Not for use with diarrhea (PH2). Large doses may cause colic, diarrhea, enteritis, gastrosis (PH2). Mangiferin in large doses may repress nerves and heart. Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Not for use with diarrhea (PH2). Large doses may cause colic, diarrhea, enteritis, gastrosis (PH2). Mangiferin in large doses may repress nerves and heart. |
||
| ANGELICA, WILD PARSNIP | Angelica archangelica | |
|
Synonyms: A. officinalis Moench, Archangelica officinalis (Moench) Hoffm. Actions: Abortifacient (f; CRC); Antibacterial (1; BGB; CAN; TMA); Antiedemic (1; CAN); Antiinflammatory (1; CAN); Antispasmodic (2; BGB; CAN; CRC; KOM; PH2); Aperitif (1; BIS); Bitter (f; BGB); Calcium Antagonist (1; BGB; FNF; JAD; LAF); Carminative (1; BGB; CAN; CRC; HHB); Cholagogue (1; BGB; BIS; PH2); Cytostatic (1; PH2); Diaphoretic (f; BGB; CAN; PHR; PH2); Digestive (f; BGB); Diuretic (f; BGB; CAN; CRC; PHR; PH2); Emmenagogue (f; CRC; HHB); Expectorant (f; CAN; CRC); Fungicide (1; APA; CAN); Gastrogogue (2; BGB; KOM; PHR; PH2); Myorelaxant (1; BGB); Photocarcinogenic (1; APA); Phototoxic (1; APA; PH2); Rubefacient (f; PH2); Secretagogue (2; PHR); Stimulant (f; CRC); Stomachic (f; CRC; HHB); Tonic (f; BGB; HHB); Tracheorelaxant (1; BGB). Indications: Anorexia (2; BIS; CAN; PHR); Arthrosis (f; APA); Asthma (1; CAN); Bacteria (1; BGB; CAN; TMA); Bronchosis (f; CAN; PH2); Cancer (f; JLH); Cancer, stomach (f; APA; CRC; JLH); Cardiopathy (1; BGB; FNF; JAD; LAF); Caries (f; CRC); Catarrh (1; CAN); Cholecystosis (f; HHB); Cold (2; APA; BGB; PH2); Cough (f; APA; PH2); Cramp (2; BGB; CAN; CRC; KOM; PH2); Duodenosis (f; HHB); Dysmenorrhea (f; APA; PH2); Dyspepsia (2; BGB; CAN; CRC; PHR; PH2); Enterosis (1; BGB; CRC; HHB; PH2); Fever (2; BGB; CAN; PHR; PH2); Flatulence (2; CAN; KOM); Fullness (1; BGB); Fungus (1; APA; BGB; CAN); Gas (1; BGB; CAN; CRC; HHB); Gastrosis (2; BGB; CRC; HHB; KOM; PH2); Hepatosis (f; PH2); Hypoacidity (f; BGB); Infection (1; APA; CAN; PH2); Inflammation (1; CAN); Insomnia (f; CRC; HHB); Lice (f; PH2); Malaria (f; PH2); Mucososis (f; CAN); Mycosis (1; APA; CAN); Nephrosis (f; PH2); Neuralgia (f; CRC; HHB; PH2); Pain (f; APA; TMA); Plague (f; APA); Pleurisy (f; CAN); Respirosis (f; PH2); Rheumatism (f; APA; CRC; HHB; PH2); Stomachache (f; APA); Swelling (1;CAN); Tuberculosis (1; BGB); Tumor (f; CRC); Ulcer (f; CRC; HHB); UTI (2; PH2); Water Retention (f; BGB; CAN; CRC; PHR; PH2). Dosage: Class 2b, 2d (avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight) (AHP). Contraindicated for peptic ulcer. Commission E reports photosensitivity due to furocoumarins (AEH). Furanocoumarins may cause phototoxic dermatosis (CAN). Anticoagulant coumarins may interact with anticoagulant therapy, additively or synergistically, or perhaps even antagonistically. Angelica and root oils reported to cause photodermatosis and phototoxicity, respectively. Root oil should be limited to 7800 ppm in skin products when the skin is to be exposed to UV. Root Oil LD50 = 2200 mg/kg orl mouse; LD50 = 1160 mg/kg orl rat (CAN); toxic in rats 1870 mg/kg (BIS); LD50 = >5000 mg/kg top. rabbit (CAN). We may extend to all apiaceous oils Bisset’s comments on celeryseed oil, “The drug is contraindicated in inflammation of the kidneys,†since apiaceous EOs may increase the inflammation as a result of epithelial irritation (BIS). Bergapten is a suspected carcinogen. Angelica root, reportedly abortifacient, should not be used in “pregnancy and lactation in amounts exceeding those used in foods†(CAN). Canadians list “as an unacceptable non-medicinal ingredient for oral use products†(AHP). Do not use if fever, chills, headache, thirst, sweating, and a rapid pulse are present (TMA, 1996). Is this any worse than celery, parsnip, and other furanocoumarin-containing herbs in the carrot family, even carrot itself? Until I answer this question without bias, I don’t know that it deserves the low score given it by AHA. It does contain at least 15 different coumarin-like compounds, probably shared with many other umbelliferae (Apiaceae). Contraindications: Class 2b, 2d (avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight) (AHP). Contraindicated for peptic ulcer. Commission E reports photosensitivity due to furocoumarins (AEH). Furanocoumarins may cause phototoxic dermatosis (CAN). Anticoagulant coumarins may interact with anticoagulant therapy, additively or synergistically, or perhaps even antagonistically. Angelica and root oils reported to cause photodermatosis and phototoxicity, respectively. Root oil should be limited to 7800 ppm in skin products when the skin is to be exposed to UV. Root Oil LD50 = 2200 mg/kg orl mouse; LD50 = 1160 mg/kg orl rat (CAN); toxic in rats 1870 mg/kg (BIS); LD50 = >5000 mg/kg top. rabbit (CAN). We may extend to all apiaceous oils Bisset’s comments on celeryseed oil, “The drug is contraindicated in inflammation of the kidneys,†since apiaceous EOs may increase the inflammation as a result of epithelial irritation (BIS). Bergapten is a suspected carcinogen. Angelica root, reportedly abortifacient, should not be used in “pregnancy and lactation in amounts exceeding those used in foods†(CAN). Canadians list “as an unacceptable non-medicinal ingredient for oral use products†(AHP). Do not use if fever, chills, headache, thirst, sweating, and a rapid pulse are present (TMA, 1996). Is this any worse than celery, parsnip, and other furanocoumarin-containing herbs in the carrot family, even carrot itself? Until I answer this question without bias, I don’t know that it deserves the low score given it by AHA. It does contain at least 15 different coumarin-like compounds, probably shared with many other umbelliferae (Apiaceae). |
||
| ANGLED LOOFAH, CHINESE OKRA | Luffa acutangula | |
|
Synonyms: Cucumis acutangulus L. Actions: Abortifacient (1; KAP; MPI); Antipyretic (f; KAB); Bitter (f; DEP); Demulcent (f; KAP; WOI); Diuretic (f; KAP; WOI); Emetic (f; DEP; WOI); Expectorant (f; WOI); Hypoglycemic (1; KAP); Laxative (f; DEP; KAP; WOI); Tonic (f; DEP); Vermifuge (f; KAB). Indications: Amenorrhea (f; WOI); Asthma (f; KAB; WOI); Biliousness (f; KAB); Bite (f; KAP); Bronchosis (f; KAB); Conjunctivosis (f; DEP; WOI); Dermatosis (f; KAP; WOI); Diabetes (1; KAP); Dropsy (f; KAP); Dysentery (f; DEP; KAP); Fever (f; KAB); Gonorrhea (f; DEP); Hemorrhoid (f; DEP; KAB; KAP; WOI); Hyperglycemia (1; KAP); Jaundice (f; DEP; WOI); Leprosy (f; DEP; KAB; KAP; WOI); Ringworm (f; KAB; KAP); Snakebite (f; KAP); Sore (f; KAP; WOI); Splenosis (f; DEP; KAB; WOI); Uremia (f; WOI); VD (f; DEP); Water Retention (f; KAP; WOI); Worm (f; KAB). Dosage: Contraindications: |
||
| ANGOSTURA | Angostura trifoliata | |
|
Synonyms: Bonplandia trifoliata Willd., Galipea officinalis Hancock; Cusparia febrifuga Humb. ex DC., Cusparia trifoliata (Willd.) Engl. Actions: Antipyretic (f; HHB); Aperitif (1; EFS; FNF); Bitter (1; HHB; PH2); Carminative (f; EFS); Emetic (1; PH2); Gastrotonic (f; PH2); Laxative (f; PH2); Stimulant (f; EFS); Stomachic (f; EFS); Tonic (f; PH2). Indications: Anorexia (1; EFS; FNF); Diarrhea (f; PH2); Dysentery (f; HHB); Dyspepsia (f; HHB); Fever (f; HHB; PH2); Gas (f; EFS); Hypoacidity (1; HHB). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Larger doses may induce nausea, vomiting, or both (PH2). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Larger doses may induce nausea, vomiting, or both (PH2). |
||
| ANISE | Pimpinella anisum | |
|
Synonyms: Anisum vulgare Gaertn. Actions: Abortifacient (f; CAN; CRC); Allergenic (1; CRC); Analgesic (1; CRC; HH2); Antibacterial (2; HH2; KOM; PHR; PH2; PIP); Anticonvulsant (1; CAN); Antiseptic (2; KOM; PHR; PIP); Antispasmodic (2; CAN; HH2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Antiviral (1; HH2; PH2); Aperitif (f; CRC); Aphrodisiac (f; HHB); Carminative (1; CAN; HHB; JFM); Collyrium (f; CRC); Dentifrice (f; CRC); Diaphoretic (f; CRC); Digestive (f; PH2); Emmenagogue (1;CAN; HHB); Estrogenic (1; CAN; HHB; HH2; PH2); Expectorant (2; CAN; HH2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Fungicide (1; CRC); GABA-genic (1; CAN); Hepatotonic (1; CRC); Hepatotoxic (f; CAN); Insecticide (1; APA; CAN; CRC); Insectifuge (1; PH2); Lactagogue (1; CAN; CRC; HHB; JFM); Laxative (f; DEM); Libidogenic (f; CAN); Litholytic (f; CRC); Paraciticide (1; CAN; FNF); Pectoral (f; CRC); Pediculicide (1; APA); Secretolytic (1; CAN); Sedative (f; CRC); Stimulant (f; CRC); Stomachic (f; CRC; HHB); Sympathomimetic (1; CAN); Tonic (f; CRC). Indications: Andropause (f; CAN); Anemia (1; APA); Anorexia (2; CRC; PHR; PH2); Arthrosis (f; PH2); Asthma (f; CRC); Bacteria (2; HH2; KOM; PHR; PH2; PIP); Bronchosis (2; CAN; CRC; PHR; PH2); Cancer (f; CRC; JLH); Cancer, bladder (f; JLH); Cancer, kidney (f; JLH); Cancer, liver (f; JLH); Cancer, lung (f; JLH); Cancer, spleen (f; JLH); Cancer, stomach (f; JLH); Cancer, uterus (f; JLH); Cancer, uvula (f; JLH); Catarrh (2; CAN; DEM; HH2; KOM; PH2); Childbirth (f; CRC); Cholecystosis (2; CRC; PHR); Cholera (f; CRC); Cold (2; PHR; PH2); Colic (1; APA; CAN; CRC; PH2); Colitis (f; HH2); Congestion (f; AHA); Convulsion (1; CAN); Cough (2; APA; CAN; PHR; PH2); Cramp (2; AHA; CAN; HH2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Dropsy (f; CRC); Dysmenorrhea (f; CAN; CRC; HH2; PH2); Dyspepsia (1; APA; BIS; CRC; PH2); Epilepsy (f; CRC); ERT (1; CAN; FNF); Fever (2; CRC; PHR; PH2); Frigidity (f; AHA; CAN; FNF); Fungus (1; CRC; WOI); Gas (1; APA; CAN; CRC; HHB; JFM; PH2; SHT); Gastrosis (f; DEM); Halitosis (1; AHA; CRC); Hepatosis (2; PHR; PH2); Induration (f; JLH); Infection (2; CRC; KOM; PHR; PIP); Insomnia (f; CRC); Lice (1; APA; CRC; WOI); Lumbago (f; PH2); Migraine (f; CRC); Morning Sickness (f; AHA); Mucososis (2; CAN; KOM; PHR); Mycosis (1; CRC); Nausea (f; AHA; CRC); Nephrosis (f; CRC); Nervousness (f; CRC); Neuralgia (f; CRC); Pain (1; CRC; HH2; PH2); Parasite (1; CAN); Parturition (f; AHA); Pediculosis (topical) (1; APA; CAN); Pertussis (f; CAN; PH2); Pharyngosis (2; PHR; PH2); Poor Milk Supply (1; CAN); Psoriasis (1; CAN); Respirosis (f; PH2); Scabies (topical) (f; APA; CAN; CRC); Sclerosis (f; JLH); Splenosis (f; JLH); Stomatosis (2; PHR; PH2); Stone (f; CRC); Tracheosis (f; CAN); Tuberculosis (f; HH2; PH2); Tumor (f; JLH); Ulcer (f; JLH); Virus (1; HH2; PH2). Dosage: Class 2b (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). “Occasional allergic reactions of the skin, respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract†(BIS, KOM). We might extend to all apiaceous oils Bisset’s comments on celeryseed oil, “The drug is contraindicated in inflammation of the kidneys,†since apiaceous EOs may increase the inflammation as a result of epithelial irritation (BIS). Oil reported carminative and expectorant; 1–5 ml can cause nausea, pulmonary edema, seizures, and vomiting; LD50 EO =2700 mg/kg orl rat (HH2). Anethole in the volatile oil may cause contact dermatosis (CAN). Commission E reports contraindications for fruit: hypersensitivity; adverse effects: allergic reactions (occasionally) (AEH). Seed, reportedly abortifacient and lactagogue, should not be used in pregnancy and lactation in amounts exceeding those used in foods (CAN). “Often used in pediatric practice†(BIS). Nursing mothers taking anise or fennel tea, or both, to stimulate lactation caused temporary CNS disturbances, emesis, lethargy, poor suckling, restlessness, and torpor in the newborn (15–20 days old), possibly due to anethole in the milk. (Infants were healthy at 6- month follow up.) (Acta Pediatrica 83:683; 1994). Excessive dose may interfere with anticoagulant, contraceptive, ERT, and MAOI therapy. Contraindications: Class 2b (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). “Occasional allergic reactions of the skin, respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract†(BIS, KOM). We might extend to all apiaceous oils Bisset’s comments on celeryseed oil, “The drug is contraindicated in inflammation of the kidneys,†since apiaceous EOs may increase the inflammation as a result of epithelial irritation (BIS). Oil reported carminative and expectorant; 1–5 ml can cause nausea, pulmonary edema, seizures, and vomiting; LD50 EO =2700 mg/kg orl rat (HH2). Anethole in the volatile oil may cause contact dermatosis (CAN). Commission E reports contraindications for fruit: hypersensitivity; adverse effects: allergic reactions (occasionally) (AEH). Seed, reportedly abortifacient and lactagogue, should not be used in pregnancy and lactation in amounts exceeding those used in foods (CAN). “Often used in pediatric practice†(BIS). Nursing mothers taking anise or fennel tea, or both, to stimulate lactation caused temporary CNS disturbances, emesis, lethargy, poor suckling, restlessness, and torpor in the newborn (15–20 days old), possibly due to anethole in the milk. (Infants were healthy at 6- month follow up.) (Acta Pediatrica 83:683; 1994). Excessive dose may interfere with anticoagulant, contraceptive, ERT, and MAOI therapy. |
||
| ANNATTO | Bixa orellana | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Antibacterial (1; 60P; TRA); Antidote, cassava (f; JFM); Antidote, jatropha (f; JFM); Antiprostaglandin (1; 60P); Antipyretic (f; MPI; WO2); Antisecretory (f; WO2); Antiseptic (1; WO2); Antispasmodic (1; WO2); Antitumor (1; TRA; WO2); Aphrodisiac (female) (f; DAD; 60P; JFM); Astringent (f; 60P; DEP; JFM; MPI); Candidicide (1; TRA); CNS-Depressant (1; TRA; WO2); Digestive (f; WO2); Diuretic (f; 60P; IED; JFM); Emmenagogue (f; JFM); Emollient (f; DAV; WO2); Expectorant (f; DAV); Fungicide (1; TRA); Hemostat (1; WO2); Hyperglycemic (1; DAD; TRA); Hypertensive (1; TRA); Hypoglycemic (1; 60P; TRA); Hypotensive (1; 60P; WO2); Immunostimulant (1; TRA); Insectifuge (f; 60P); Laxative (f; JFM; MPI; WO2); Myorelaxant (f; 60P); Parasiticide (1; DAD); Spasmogenic (1; WO2); Trichomonicide (1; TRA); Uterocontractant (1; TRA); Vermifuge (f; DAD). Indications: Acne (f; 60P); Alopecia (f; DAD); Asthma (f; JFM); Bacteria (1; 60P; TRA); Bite (f; MPI); Bleeding (1; WO2); Blister (f; WO2); Burn (f; DAD; TRA; WO2); Cancer (f; JLH); Cancer, mouth (f; DAD); Candida (1; TRA); Childbirth (f; DAV; IED); Condylomata (f; JLH); Conjunctivosis (1; DAV); Cramp (1; WO2); Dermatosis (f; JFM); Diabetes (1; JFM; WO2); Diarrhea (f; IED; JFM); Dysentery (f; 60P; DEP; JFM; WO2); Dyspnea (f; JFM); Epilepsy (f; WO2); Eruption (f; JFM); Fever (f; 60P; JFM; MPI; WO2); Flu (f; JFM); Fungus (1; TRA); Gastrosis (f; DAV); Gonorrhea (1; JFM; MPI; TRA); Headache (f; JFM); Hemorrhoid (f; JFM); Hepatosis (f; DAV; JFM); High Blood Pressure (1; 60P; WO2); High Blood Sugar (1; 60P); Hyperglycemia (1; 60P; TRA); Hypoglycemia (1; DAD; TRA); Immunodepression (1; TRA); Infection (1; TRA; WO2); Jaundice (f; JFM; WO2); Leprosy (f; JFM; WO2); Low Blood Pressure (1; TRA); Malaria (f; MPI; WO2); Measles (f; JFM); Mycosis (1; TRA); Nausea (f; JFM); Nephrosis (f; DAD; DEP); Pain (f; DAD); Parasite (1; DAD); Pleurisy (f; JFM); Pulmonosis (f; IED); Respirosis (f; IED); Salmonella (1; TRA); Scar (f; WO2); Snakebite (f; MPI); Sore (f; JLH; WO2); Sore Throat (f; JFM; WO2); Stomachache (f; JFM); Stomatosis (f; DAD; JFM); Tonsilosis (f; DAV); Tumor (1; TRA; WO2; JLH); Uterosis (f; JFM); Vomiting (f; JFM); Water Retention (f; 60P; IED; JFM); Worm (f; DAD); Wound (f; JFM); VD (f; DAV; JFM; MPI); Yeast (1; TRA). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; PH2). Seeds contain a toxic alkaloid (JFM). Ingesting the tea for diabetes mellitus, may be contraindicated since trans-bixin is hyperglycemic. Toxicity, if real, is “low grade,†especially in well-nourished experimental animals. Toxicity commences in dogs given 60 mg/kg trans-bixin (DAD). Ethanolic seed extracts active against Escherichia, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus; aqueous and chloroform extracts hypoglycemic, but alcohol extract hyperglycemic (TRA). Root extracts hypotensive in rats at 50 mg/kg, slowing gastric secretions at 400 mg/kg (TRA). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; PH2). Seeds contain a toxic alkaloid (JFM). Ingesting the tea for diabetes mellitus, may be contraindicated since trans-bixin is hyperglycemic. Toxicity, if real, is “low grade,†especially in well-nourished experimental animals. Toxicity commences in dogs given 60 mg/kg trans-bixin (DAD). Ethanolic seed extracts active against Escherichia, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus; aqueous and chloroform extracts hypoglycemic, but alcohol extract hyperglycemic (TRA). Root extracts hypotensive in rats at 50 mg/kg, slowing gastric secretions at 400 mg/kg (TRA). |
||
| ANNUAL MERCURY | Mercurialis annua | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Antilactagogue (f; CRC; HHB); Cholagogue (f; CRC); Cyanogenic (f; CRC); Diuretic (f; CRC; EFS; PHR; PH2); Emetic (f; CRC); Emmenagogue (f; CRC; EFS); Hydragogue (f; CRC; EFS); Laxative (f; CRC; PHR; PH2); Poison (f; CRC; PHR); Secretolytic (f; CRC); Sialagogue (f; MAD); Vermifuge (f; CRC; EFS). Indications: Amenorrhea (f; MAD); Anorexia (f; CRC); Arthrosis (f; MAD); Ascariasis (f; CRC); Ascites (f; CRC); Bronchosis (f; MAD); Bubo (f; MAD); Burn (f; MAD); Cancer (f; CRC); Catarrh (f; MAD); Cold (f; PH2); Congestion (f; CRC); Cystosis (f; MAD); Depression (f; MAD); Dermatosis (f; MAD); Dropsy (f; CRC; MAD); Dysmenorrhea (f; CRC; HHB); Dysuria (f; PH2); Eczema (f; CRC; HHB); Enterosis (f; CRC; PH2); Gastrosis (f; CRC; PH2); Gonorrhea (f; MAD); Hepatosis (f; MAD); Hypochondria (f; MAD); Infection (f; MAD; PHR); Inflammation (f; PHR; PH2); Mucososis (f; CRC); Pericardosis (f; MAD); Pulmonosis (f; MAD); Rheumatism (f; CRC; MAD; PH2); Scabies (f; CRC); Scirrhus (f; JLH); Sclerosis (f; JLH); Swelling (f; JLH); Sycosis (f; CRC); Syphilis (f; MAD); Tumor (f; CRC; JLH); UTI (f; PHR; PH2); VD (f; MAD); Wart (f; JLH); Water Retention (1; CRC; EFS; HHB; PHR; PH2); Worm (f; CRC; EFS); Wound (f; MAD). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). Slightly poisonous; poisonings, including fatal ones, are known only among animals (PHR). Can lead to diarrhea and overactive bladder. Overdoses may lead to toxicity with diarrhea, hepatosis, nephrosis, neurosis, and paralysis (PH2). Pyridone derivatives may color the urine red (PH2). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). Slightly poisonous; poisonings, including fatal ones, are known only among animals (PHR). Can lead to diarrhea and overactive bladder. Overdoses may lead to toxicity with diarrhea, hepatosis, nephrosis, neurosis, and paralysis (PH2). Pyridone derivatives may color the urine red (PH2). |
||
| ANSERINA, SILVERWEED | Potentilla anserina | |
|
Synonyms: Actions: Antiallergic (1; BIS; FNF); Antiherpetic (1; HH2); Antiseptic (1; CEB; FNF); Antispasmodic (1; HH2; PH2); Antiviral (1; HH2); Astringent (1; PHR; PH2; PNC); Cardiotoxic (f; HH2); Diuretic (f; CEB); Hypotensive (1; BIS; FNF); Immunostimulant (1; BIS); Inteferonogenic (1; BIS; FNF); Peristaltic (1; HH2); Tonic (2; KOM; PNC); Uteroparalytic (1; PH2); Uterotonic (1; BIS; PHR). Indications: Acne (f; CEB); Albuminuria (f; MAD); Allergy (1; BIS; FNF); Angina (f; MAD); Arthrosis (f; MAD); Backache (f; MAD); Bleeding (1; MAD); Cancer (1; JLH); Cancer, colon (1; JLH); Cancer, intestine (1; JLH); Cancer, liver (1; JLH); Cancer, spleen (1; JLH); Cancer, stomach (1; JLH); Canker (f; CEB); Cardiopathy (f; MAD); Catalepsy (f; MAD); Cholera (f; MAD); Colic (f; MAD); Colitis (1; BIS); Corn (f; JLH); Cramp (1; HH2; MAD; PH2); Diarrhea (2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Dysentery (1; MAD); Dysmenorrhea (2; KOM; MAD; PHR; PH2); Enterosis (f; JLH; MAD); Epilepsy (f; MAD); Epistaxis (f; MAD); Freckle (f; CEB); Gas (f; MAD); Gastrosis (f; JLH; MAD); Gingivosis (1; CEB); Hemoptysis (f; MAD); Hepatosis (f; JLH; MAD); Herpes (1; HH2); High Blood Pressure (1; BIS; FNF); Immunodepression (1; BIS); Induration (f; JLH); Infection (1; FNF; HH2); Inflammation (2; JLH; KOM); Leukorrhea (f; MAD); Myoma (f; MAD); Neurosis (f; MAD); Pharyngosis (2; KOM; PH2); PMS (2; PHR; PH2); Pneumonia (f; MAD); Polyp (f; JLH); Sore (f; MAD); Sore Throat (2; KOM; MAD); Splenosis (f; JLH); Stomatosis (2; BIS; CEB; KOM; PH2); Stone (f; CEB); Sunburn (f; CEB); Toothache (f; MAD); Uterosis (f; MAD); Vaginosis (f; MAD); Virus (1; HH2); Water Retention (f; CEB); Wound (f; CEB; PH2). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP; JAD). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). No contraindications known (BIS). Commission E reports no contraindications, adverse effects, or interactions, except for gastric irritation (KOM). Other sources report adverse effects of GI disturbances (AEH; PH2). Sensitive individuals may experience stomach upset and vomiting (BIS). The warning with which CAN lambast uva-ursi should as well apply to other herbs with almost as much tannin: “In view of the high tannin content, prolonged use may cause chronic liver impairment.†(CAN). Containing tannin, its extracts might be expected to show antiallergic, antihypertensive, antiviral, immunostimulant and interferon-generating activities (BIS). Catechins have been specifically recommended for colitis (Brown et al., 1997). Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP; JAD). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). No contraindications known (BIS). Commission E reports no contraindications, adverse effects, or interactions, except for gastric irritation (KOM). Other sources report adverse effects of GI disturbances (AEH; PH2). Sensitive individuals may experience stomach upset and vomiting (BIS). The warning with which CAN lambast uva-ursi should as well apply to other herbs with almost as much tannin: “In view of the high tannin content, prolonged use may cause chronic liver impairment.†(CAN). Containing tannin, its extracts might be expected to show antiallergic, antihypertensive, antiviral, immunostimulant and interferon-generating activities (BIS). Catechins have been specifically recommended for colitis (Brown et al., 1997). |
||
| APPLE | Malus domestica Borkh | |
|
Synonyms: M. malus (L.) Britton, M. pumila auct., M. pumila var. domestica (Borkh.) C. K. Schneid, M. sylvestris auct., M. sylvestris var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf., Pyrus malus L. Actions: Antiandrogenic (1; JNU); Antibacterial (1; CRC); Antiinflammatory (1; JNU); Antioxidant (1; JNU); Antipyretic (f; CRC); Aperitif (f; CRC; EFS); Apoptotic (1; JNU); Cardioprotective (1; JNU; WOI); Carminative (f; CRC); Cyanogenic (1; CRC); Depurative (f; CRC); Digestive (f; CRC; EFS); Diuretic (f; CRC; EFS); Emollient (f; CRC); Hypnotic (f; CRC); Hypoglycemic (1; JNU); Laxative (f; CRC); Poison (f; CRC); Sedative (f; CRC); Tonic (f; CRC; LMP); Vermifuge (f; CRC; WOI). Indications: Allergy (1; JNU); Anemia (f; LMP); Anorexia (f; CRC; EFS); Aphonia (f; DEM); Asthma (1; JNU); Bacteria (1; CRC; WOI); Biliousness (f; CRC; LMP); Blindness (f; DEM); BPH (1; JNU); Bruise (f; DEM); Cacoethes (f; CRC; JLH); Callus (f; JLH); Cancer (f; CRC; JLH); Cancer, colon (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, eye (f; JLH); Cancer, liver (1; JNU); Cancer, lung (1; JNU); Cancer, prostate (1; JNU); Cardiopathy (1; CRC; JNU; WOI); Catarrh (f; CRC); Condyloma (f; JLH); Conjunctivosis (f; FEL); Constipation (1; CRC); Dermatosis (f; HHB); Diabetes (f; CRC); Diarrhea (1; PH2); Diverticulosis (1; JNU); Dropsy (f; FEL); Dysentery (1; CRC; PH2); Dyspepsia (1; CRC; HHB; PH2); Dyspnea (f; DEM); Enterosis (f; CRC); Erysipelas (f; FEL); Fever (f; CRC); Flux (f; CRC); Gallstone (f; DEM); Gas (f; CRC); Gout (1; JNU); Gravel (f; FEL); Hemorrhoid (f; DEM); Herpes (1; JNU); Hive (1; JNU); Hoarseness (f; DEM); Hyperglycemia (1; JNU); IBS (1; JNU); Inflammation (1; JNU); Insomnia (f; CRC); Malaria (1; CRC; FEL); Nervousness (f; CRC); Obesity (f; WOI); Ophthalmia (f; JLH); Otosis (f; DEM); Pancreatosis (1; JNU); Pertussis (f; CRC); Prostatosis (1; JNU); Scarlatina (f; FEL); Scurvy (f; CRC); Sore (f; JLH); Sore Throat (f; FEL); Spasm (f; CRC); Stress (f; WOI); Stroke (1; JNU); Thirst (f; CRC); Tumor (1; JLH); VD (f; JLH); Virus (1; JNU); Wart (f; CRC); Water Retention (f; CRC; EFS); Worm (f; CRC; WOI). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM).“Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM).“Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). |
||
| APRICOT | Prunus armeniaca | |
|
Synonyms: Amygdalus armeniaca (L.) Dumort., Armeniaca vulgaris Lam., P. armeniaca var. vulgaris Zabel. Actions: Antidote (f; CRC); Antispasmodic (f; CRC); Antithyroid (1; AKT); Antitumor (f; APA); Antitussive (f; CRC); Aphrodisiac (f; CRC); Cyanogenic (f; CRC); Demulcent (f; CRC); Emollient (f; CRC); Expectorant (f; CRC); Pectoral (f; CRC); Poison (1; CRC); Sedative (f; CRC); Tonic (f; CRC); Vermifuge (f; CRC); Vulnerary (f; CRC). Indications: Anemia (f; CRC); Asthma (f; APA; CRC); Bleeding (f; CRC); Bronchosis (2; APA; CRC); Cancer (1; APA; CAN; JLH); Catarrh (f; CRC); Childbirth (f; CRC); Cold (f; CRC); Congestion (f; APA); Conjunctivosis (f; CRC); Constipation (f; APA; CRC); Cough (f; APA; CRC); Cramp (f; CRC); Fever (f; CRC); Heart (f; CRC); Infertility (f; CRC); Inflammation (f; CRC); Insomnia (f; CRC); Itch (f; APA); Laryngosis (f; CRC); Nervousness (f; CRC); Rheumatism (f; CRC); Snakebite (f; APA); Sore (f; APA); Sore Throat (f; CRC); Swelling (f; CRC; JLH); Thirst (f; CRC); Toothache (f; APA); Trichomoniasis (2; APA); Tumor (f; APA; CRC; JLH); Ulcer (f; JLH); Vaginosis (2; APA); Vulvosis (2; APA); Worm (f; CRC). Dosage: Class 3 (AHP). Also known as bitter almond. One of the products apricot seed components break down into in the human body is highly toxic prussic acid. Fifty to 60 kernels of apricot seed can kill adults; 7–10 can be fatal in children. My CRC handbook says that a “double kernel is said to be enough to kill a man†(CRC). I think that is overkill. Headache and nausea occurred in some patients being treated for chronic bronchosis with a paste of apricot seed and sugar. Possible adverse interaction when taken with Astragalus, skullcap, or kudzu root (TMA, 1996). Kernels may cause contact dermatosis. Cyanogenetic glycosides in the seed can cause cyanide poisoning (CAN). Because of cyanide toxicity, apricots use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. Avoid in pregnancy; ingestion of cyanogenic substances may be teratogenic. Oral doses of 50 mg HCN (+~ 30 g kernels = 50–60 kernels with ca 2000 ppm HCN). More than 20 deaths have been reported from laetrile and apricot kernel ingestion (CAN). Symptoms of acute intoxication include convulsions, dizziness, drowsiness, dyspnea, headache, hypotension, nausea, paralysis, coma, and then death. Death may occur from 1 to 15 minutes after ingestion. Antidotes for cyanide poisoning include aminophenol, cobalt edetate, hydroxocobalamin, nitrite, and thiosulphate. Symptoms of chronic intoxication (from HCN, cyanogenic foods, or drugs such as laetrile) include ataxia, blindness, cretinism, goiter, hypertonia, increased blood thiocyanate, lesions of the optic nerve, mental retardation, and thyroid cancer. Demyelinating lesions and other neuromyopathies may occur secondary to chronic cyanide exposure, including long-term laetrile therapy. Agranulocytosis has also been attributed to long-term laetrile therapy. Laetrile, spelled with capital L, signifies a synthetic patented in 1961 but never sold in the U.S. Spelled with a small l, laetrile is, for lay purposes, synonymous with amygdalin. After making this distinction, APA spells it with small l, except of course, at the beginning of a sentence, when they say, “Laetrile consists of 6 percent cyanide (prussic or hydrocyanic acid), a highly poisonous substance that can kill by depriving the brain of oxygen.†Then they unleash a hyperbolic error, I presume, “the laetrile content of apricot pits varies from as much as 8 percent in some apricot varieties to twenty times that amount in wild varieties.†Krebs marketed laetrile with a small l as vitamin B-17 (AHA). Contraindications: Class 3 (AHP). Also known as bitter almond. One of the products apricot seed components break down into in the human body is highly toxic prussic acid. Fifty to 60 kernels of apricot seed can kill adults; 7–10 can be fatal in children. My CRC handbook says that a “double kernel is said to be enough to kill a man†(CRC). I think that is overkill. Headache and nausea occurred in some patients being treated for chronic bronchosis with a paste of apricot seed and sugar. Possible adverse interaction when taken with Astragalus, skullcap, or kudzu root (TMA, 1996). Kernels may cause contact dermatosis. Cyanogenetic glycosides in the seed can cause cyanide poisoning (CAN). Because of cyanide toxicity, apricots use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. Avoid in pregnancy; ingestion of cyanogenic substances may be teratogenic. Oral doses of 50 mg HCN (+~ 30 g kernels = 50–60 kernels with ca 2000 ppm HCN). More than 20 deaths have been reported from laetrile and apricot kernel ingestion (CAN). Symptoms of acute intoxication include convulsions, dizziness, drowsiness, dyspnea, headache, hypotension, nausea, paralysis, coma, and then death. Death may occur from 1 to 15 minutes after ingestion. Antidotes for cyanide poisoning include aminophenol, cobalt edetate, hydroxocobalamin, nitrite, and thiosulphate. Symptoms of chronic intoxication (from HCN, cyanogenic foods, or drugs such as laetrile) include ataxia, blindness, cretinism, goiter, hypertonia, increased blood thiocyanate, lesions of the optic nerve, mental retardation, and thyroid cancer. Demyelinating lesions and other neuromyopathies may occur secondary to chronic cyanide exposure, including long-term laetrile therapy. Agranulocytosis has also been attributed to long-term laetrile therapy. Laetrile, spelled with capital L, signifies a synthetic patented in 1961 but never sold in the U.S. Spelled with a small l, laetrile is, for lay purposes, synonymous with amygdalin. After making this distinction, APA spells it with small l, except of course, at the beginning of a sentence, when they say, “Laetrile consists of 6 percent cyanide (prussic or hydrocyanic acid), a highly poisonous substance that can kill by depriving the brain of oxygen.†Then they unleash a hyperbolic error, I presume, “the laetrile content of apricot pits varies from as much as 8 percent in some apricot varieties to twenty times that amount in wild varieties.†Krebs marketed laetrile with a small l as vitamin B-17 (AHA). |
||