| English Name | Botanical Name | More Info |
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| STONECROP | Sedum acre | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Abortifacient (f; HHB); Diuretic (f; MAD); Emetic (f; HHB); Emmenagogue (f; MAD); Hypotensive (1; HHB); Laxative (f; HHB). Indications: Adenopathy (f; JLH); Atherosclerosis (f; HHB; MAD); Bleeding (f; HHB); Bright’s Disease (f; MAD); Bronchosis (f; MAD); Burn (f; HHB; PH2); Cancer (f; MAD); Cancer, breast (f; JLH); Cancer, lymph (f; JLH); Cancer, nose (f; JLH); Cancer, skin (f; MAD); Carcinoma (f; JLH); Cardiopathy (f; MAD); Catarrh (f; MAD); Condyloma (f; JLH); Constipation (f; HHB) Corn (f; JLH); Cough (f; PH2); Dermatosis (f; FEL; MAD); Diphtheria (f; HHB; MAD); Dropsy (f; MAD); Dysentery (f; HHB; MAD); Eczema (f; PH2); Edema (f; MAD; PH2); Epilepsy (f; FEL; HHB; MAD); Fever (f; FEL; HH2); Hemorrhoid (f; HHB; MAD); High Blood Pressure (1; HHB; MAD); Hypertony (f; HHB; MAD); Jaundice (f; MAD); Lymphoma (f; JLH); Malaria (f; FEL; HHB); Mastosis (f; JLH); Nephrosis (f; MAD); Pain (f; MAD); Pharyngosis (f; MAD); Proctosis (f; MAD); Prolapse (f; MAD); Rhinosis (f; JLH); Scrofula (f; FEL); Sore (f; HHB; MAD); Sore Throat (f; HHB); Stomatosis (f; HH2; PH2); Swelling (f; MAD); Wart (f; MAD; PH2); Water Retention (f; MAD); Whitlow (f; JLH); Wound (1; MAD; PH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Not to be used in cases of GI or urinary inflammation (PH2). LD50 of alkaloid mix 50 mg/kg ipr mus (HH2). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Not to be used in cases of GI or urinary inflammation (PH2). LD50 of alkaloid mix 50 mg/kg ipr mus (HH2). |
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| STONEROOT | Collinsonia canadensis | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Antilithic (f; PH2); Antioxidant (f; FAD); Antispasmodic (f; APA; HHB); Astringent (1; APA; HHB); Carminative (1; HHB); Deodorant (f; DEM); Depurative (f; DEM); Diaphoretic (f; APA; CAN); Diuretic (1; FAD; PHR; PH2); Emetic (1; APA; DEM; FAD); Litholytic (f; CAN); Panacea (f; DEM); Sedative (f; APA); Stimulant (f; DEM); Stomachic (1; PHR; PH2); Tonic (1; APA; PHR; PH2). Indications: Backache (f; DEM); Bladder Stone (f; APA); Bleeding (f; DEM); Boil (f; DEM); BPH (f; AKT); Bruise (f; FAD; HHB); Burn (f; FAD); Calculus (f; PHR; PH2); Cancer (f; JLH); Cancer, tongue (f; JLH); Cardiopathy (f; DEM); Colic (f; DEM); Colitis (f; AKT); Constipation (f; PH2); Cramp (f; APA; HHB); CVI (f; AKT); Cystosis (1; FAD; HHB; PH2); Debility (f; DEM); Diarrhea (f; FAD; PH2); Dropsy (f; FAD; PHR); Dysentery (f; FAD); Dyspepsia (f; FAD); Enterosis (1; PHR; PH2); Fever (f; APA; CAN); Gas (1; HHB); Gastrosis (1; AKT; PHR; PH2); Glossosis (f; JLH); Headache (f; DEM); Hematochezia (f; DEM); Hemorrhoid (f; AKT; APA; FAD; PH2); Inflammation (f; AKT; PH2); Insomnia (f; APA); Kidney Stone (f; APA); Laryngosis (f; AKT; FAD); Leg Ache (f; DEM); Listlessness (f; DEM); Lithuria (f; PH2); Mastosis (f; DEM); Nephrosis (f; CAN; FAD); Nervousness (f; APA); Pulmonosis (f; AKT); Rheumatism (f; DEM); Sore (f; APA; FAD); Sore Throat (f; AKT); Sprain (f; FAD); Stomatosis (f; AKT); Stone (f; CAN); Swelling (f; DEM); Telangiectasia (f; AKT); Varicosis (f; AKT); Water Retention (1; FAD; HHB; PHR; PH2); Wound (f; APA; FAD; HHB). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). None listed (PH2). In view of the lack of pharmacological and toxicological data, excessive use, especially during lactation and pregnancy, should be avoided (CAN). Overdose can cause colic, nausea, and pain, irritating the mucus lining of the GI tract, sometimes dizziness and strangury (APA). Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). None listed (PH2). In view of the lack of pharmacological and toxicological data, excessive use, especially during lactation and pregnancy, should be avoided (CAN). Overdose can cause colic, nausea, and pain, irritating the mucus lining of the GI tract, sometimes dizziness and strangury (APA). |
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| STORAX | Liquidambar orientalis | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Antidote (f; DAA); Antiinflammatory (1; PH2); Antiseptic (1; DEP; LAF; SKJ); Astringent (f; DEP); Diaphoretic (1; PH2); Expectorant (1; DEP; EFS; FEL; LAF; SKJ); Parasiticide (f; DAA); Pectoral (f; DEP); Scabicide (f; EFS); Stimulant (f; EFS; PH2; SKJ); Suppurative (f; DEP); Tonic (f; DEP); Vulnerary (f; EFS). Indications: Asthma (f; FEL); Bronchosis (f; FEL; PH2); Burn (f; JLH); Cancer (f; DAA; JLH; LAF); Cancer, liver (f; JLH); Cancer, spleen (f; JLH); Cancer, uterus (f; JLH); Catarrh (f; FEL); Cold (f; DAA); Convulsion (f; DAA); Cough (f; FEL; PH2); Dermatosis (f; DEP; HHB; PH2); Epilepsy (f; DAA; PH2); Fever (1; PH2); Frostbite (f; DAA); Gastrosis (; JLH); Gleet (f; FEL); Gonorrhea (f; FEL); Hepatosis (f; JLH); Induration (f; JLH); Inflammation (1; PH2); Itch (f; PH2); Lactose Intolerance (f; PH2); Leprosy (f; PH2); Leukorrhea (f; FEL); Malaria (f; DAA); Mycosis (f; FEL); Orchosis (f; DEP); Parasite (f; DAA); Phthiriasis (f; DEP); Phymata (f; JLH); Polyp (f; JLH); Pulmonosis (f; FEL); Ringworm (f; FEL); Scabies (f; DEP; EFS; FEL; HHB); Sclerosis (f; JLH); Sore (f; FEL; PH2); Sore Throat (f; DEP); Splenosis (f; JLH); Swelling (f; DEP); Syncope (f; PH2); Tinea (f; FEL); Uterosis (f; JLH); VD (f; FEL); Wound (f; DAA; PH2). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Ingestion may lead to diarrhea. Possibly allergenic (PH2). Broad topical application may lead to transdermal absorption followed by kidney damage (albuminuria or hemorrhagic nephritis) (PH2). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Ingestion may lead to diarrhea. Possibly allergenic (PH2). Broad topical application may lead to transdermal absorption followed by kidney damage (albuminuria or hemorrhagic nephritis) (PH2). |
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| STRAWBERRY | Fragaria vesca | |
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Synonyms: Fragaria insularis Actions: Alterative (f; DAD; EFS); Antinitrosaminic (1; JNU); Antioxidant (1; JNU); Antipyretic (f; DAD); Antiseptic (f; DEM); Antitumor (f; JNU); Aphrodisiac (f; JNU); Astringent (1; CEB; EFS; PH2); Catabolic (f; KOM); Depurative (f; CEB; DAD; EFS); Discutient (f; DAD; EFS); Diuretic (f; CEB; EFS; PH2); Laxative (f; EFS); Nervine (f; EFS); Tonic (f; KOM). Indications: Anemia (f; KOM); Arthrosis (f; PH2); Blennorrhagia (f; DAD); Bronchosis (f; JFM); Calculus (f; DAD); Cancer (1; DAD; FNF; JLH; JNU); Cancer, larynx (1; FNF; JLH); Carcinoma (f; JLH); Catarrh (f; JFM; PH2); Cerebrosis (1; JNU); Chilblain (f; HHB); Constipation (f; EFS); Cystosis (f; DAD; JFM); Dementia (1; JNU); Dermatosis (f; PH2); Diabetes (f; DAD); Diarrhea (f; PH2); Dysentery (f; DAD; JFM); Dysuria (f; DAD); Enterosis (f; DAD; PH2); Fever (f; DAD; DAV; KOM); Gastrosis (f; DAD; JNU; PH2); Gingivosis (f; DAD); Gout (f; CEB; PH2); Gravel (f; PH2); Hepatosis (f; JNU; PH2); High Blood Pressure (f; DAD); Hyperuricemia (f; JFM); Impotence (f; JNU); Inflammation (f; JFM; PH2); Jaundice (f; DAV; HHB; PH2); Nephrosis (f; JFM; PH2); Neurosis (f; PH2); Night Sweats (f; KOM); Obesity (f; KOM); Odontosis (f; DAD); Rash (f; PH2); Respirosis (f; PH2); Rheumatism (f; PH2); Sore (f; DEM); Sore Throat (f; DAD; PH2); Stomatosis (f; DEM; PH2); Stone (f; PH2); Tartar (f; DAD); Tuberculosis (f; DAD); Tumor (f; JNU); Urogenitosis (f; DAD); Water Retention (f; CEB; EFS; HHB; PH2). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). The Herbal Desk Reference (PH2) is astute and kind enough to tell us not to take strawberry if one is allergic to strawberry. Shall we make that a universal template and advise allergic people not to take their allergens? Shall we take the McDonald McCopout and remind people not to drink boiling or overhot beverages, telling our readers to let their hot teas and boiling decoctions cool to a safe temperature before drinking? Ah, this litigious society of ours! Commission E reports leaf not approved for therapeutic use. “A therapeutic application cannot be recommended†(KOM). This is the same Commission E that approves dangerous bittersweet and not-so-dangerous cola and guarana. (JAD). Hypersensitivity reactions are possible, but there is no objection to the use as an admixture to herbal teas (AEH). Has many of the same tannins in the leaf as does tea; is tea (Camellia sinensis) really healthier than blackberry, raspberry, and strawberry leaf tea, or just better promoted and hyped? Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). The Herbal Desk Reference (PH2) is astute and kind enough to tell us not to take strawberry if one is allergic to strawberry. Shall we make that a universal template and advise allergic people not to take their allergens? Shall we take the McDonald McCopout and remind people not to drink boiling or overhot beverages, telling our readers to let their hot teas and boiling decoctions cool to a safe temperature before drinking? Ah, this litigious society of ours! Commission E reports leaf not approved for therapeutic use. “A therapeutic application cannot be recommended†(KOM). This is the same Commission E that approves dangerous bittersweet and not-so-dangerous cola and guarana. (JAD). Hypersensitivity reactions are possible, but there is no objection to the use as an admixture to herbal teas (AEH). Has many of the same tannins in the leaf as does tea; is tea (Camellia sinensis) really healthier than blackberry, raspberry, and strawberry leaf tea, or just better promoted and hyped? |
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| STRAWBERRY TREE | Arbutus unedo | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Antirheumatic (f; EFS); Antiseptic (f; CRC; EFS); Astringent (f; CRC); Intoxicant (f; CRC); Narcotic (f; CRC); Tonic (f; CRC). Indications: Rheumatism (f; EFS); Uterosis (f; JLH); UTI (f; CRC). Dosage: Contraindications: |
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| STRONGBACK | Desmodium adscendens | |
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Synonyms: D. ovalifolium Guill. & Perr., Hedysarum adscendens Sw., Melibomia adscendens (Sw.) Kuntze. Actions: Antiaggregant (f; IED); Antispasmodic (1; AAB); Contraceptive (f; DAV); Lactagogue (f; DAV); Laxative (f; JFM). Indications: Adenopathy (f; IED); Arthrosis (f; AAB); Asthma (1; AAB); Backache (f; AAB); Cachexia (f; JFM); Constipation (f; JFM); Convulsion (1; AAB; IED; JFM); Cramp (1; AAB); Dermatosis (f; IED); Dyspepsia (f; IED); Dysuria (f; JFM); Headache (f; AAB); Impotence (f; AAB); Infection (f; DAV); Inflammation (f; IED); Malnutrition (f; JFM); Myalgia (f; AAB); Nephrosis (f; AAB); Pain (f; AAB); Rash (f; IED); Sore (f; JFM); Tuberculosis (f; IED); Vaginosis (f; DAV); VD (f; JFM); Wound (f; JFM). Dosage: Contraindications: |
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| STROPHANTHUS, CLIMBING OLEANDER | Strophanthus gratus | |
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Synonyms: Roupellia grata Wall. & Hook. See also kombe, Strophanthus hispidus DC. Actions: Anxiolytic (f; PH2); Cardiotonic (1; PH2); Curare (1; HDN; FNF); Digitalic (1; PH2); Diuretic (f; EFS); Negative Chronotropic (1; HDN); Negative Dromotropic (1; HDN); Pediculicide (f; HDN); Positive Bathmotropic (1; HDN); Positive Inotropic (1; HDN). Indications: Anxiety (f; PH2); Asthma (f; MAD); Atherosclerosis (f; PH2); Bradycardia (f; HHB); Cancer (f; HDN); Cardiopathy (f; PH2); Debility (f; HDN); Gastrosis (f; PH2); Gonorrhea (f; HDN); High Blood Pressure (f; PH2); Neurodystonia (f; PH2); Stenocardia (f; HHB); Syphilis (f; HDN); VD (f; HDN); Water Retention (f; EFS). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Side effects may include cardiac arrhythmia, headache, ophthalmia (disturbance of color vision), queasiness, stupor, and vomiting. May enhance effects and side effects with calcium salts, glucocorticoids, laxatives, quinidine, and saluretics (PH2). Powdered seeds LDlo 23–24 mg/kg ivn dog (HH2); g-strophanthidin LDlo 0.33–0.44 mg/kg ivn dog (HH2). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Side effects may include cardiac arrhythmia, headache, ophthalmia (disturbance of color vision), queasiness, stupor, and vomiting. May enhance effects and side effects with calcium salts, glucocorticoids, laxatives, quinidine, and saluretics (PH2). Powdered seeds LDlo 23–24 mg/kg ivn dog (HH2); g-strophanthidin LDlo 0.33–0.44 mg/kg ivn dog (HH2). |
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| SUMA | Hebanthe eriantha | |
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Synonyms: Gomphrena paniculata (Mart.) Moq., Hebanthe paniculata Mart., Pfaffia paniculata (Mart.) Kuntze. Actions: Adaptogen (f; APA); Antiascites (1; APA); Anticancer (1; APA); Antimelanomic (f; APA); Antitumor (1; APA); Antiviral (f; APA); Chemopreventive (f; APA); Immunostimulant (f; APA). Indications: Anemia (1; BJH111:359); Cancer (1; APA); Diabetes (f; APA); EBV (f; APA); Fatigue (f; APA); Immunodepression (f; APA); Melanoma (f; APA); Menopause (f; APA); Sickle Cell Anemia (1; BJH111:359); Stress (f; APA); Tumor (1; APA); Virus (f; APA). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). Not covered (KOM; PHR; PH2). Once a well-known published author offered me a generous consulting fee to go through the Spanish and Portuguese literature and summarize the folk literature and information on suma for him. I had written on the plant long ago for the Flora of Panama, where Pfaffia also occurs. He came from one of the four main entry disciplines to ethnobotany and herbal medicine and medical botany, (1) anthropology, (2) botany, (3) chemistry, and (4) pharmacy/pharmacology but I’ll not divulge. I gave him 4 days worth of work and found nothing. He reneged because my report was negative. Today, that scientist continues to publish, often copying without citing other ethnobotanical writers’ data. And he is, what I call, one of the paid hypsters who will write a positive opinion page on a worthless herb, for a fee. Then an unscrupulous pusher will sell that product based on Doctor Hypster’s glittering report, often handed out as (pseudo) scientific literature based on Dr. Hypster’s world renown. Both hypster and huckster make money while damaging the images of honest herbs and herbalists. And sometimes they threaten those who would expose the lack of credibility of some of those studies. More recently, I see that an edible plant book describes suma as “Brazilian ginseng†a promotional misnomer. “The roots have reportedly been used as a ginseng-like tonic by the Xingu tribe of Matto Grosso, Brazil for at least three hundred years†(FAC). Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). Not covered (KOM; PHR; PH2). Once a well-known published author offered me a generous consulting fee to go through the Spanish and Portuguese literature and summarize the folk literature and information on suma for him. I had written on the plant long ago for the Flora of Panama, where Pfaffia also occurs. He came from one of the four main entry disciplines to ethnobotany and herbal medicine and medical botany, (1) anthropology, (2) botany, (3) chemistry, and (4) pharmacy/pharmacology but I’ll not divulge. I gave him 4 days worth of work and found nothing. He reneged because my report was negative. Today, that scientist continues to publish, often copying without citing other ethnobotanical writers’ data. And he is, what I call, one of the paid hypsters who will write a positive opinion page on a worthless herb, for a fee. Then an unscrupulous pusher will sell that product based on Doctor Hypster’s glittering report, often handed out as (pseudo) scientific literature based on Dr. Hypster’s world renown. Both hypster and huckster make money while damaging the images of honest herbs and herbalists. And sometimes they threaten those who would expose the lack of credibility of some of those studies. More recently, I see that an edible plant book describes suma as “Brazilian ginseng†a promotional misnomer. “The roots have reportedly been used as a ginseng-like tonic by the Xingu tribe of Matto Grosso, Brazil for at least three hundred years†(FAC). |
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| SUMATRA BENZOIN | Styrax paralleloneurum | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Expectorant (1; PH2). Indications: Bleeding (f; PH2); Catarrh (f; PH2); Chest Ache (f; PH2); Childbirth (f; PH2); Gastrosis (f; PH2); Pulmonosis (f; PH2); Respirosis (f; PH2); Stomachache (f; PH2); Stroke (f; PH2); Syncope (f; PH2). Dosage: Class 1 (AHP). None noted at normal dosage (not given) (PH2). Contraindications: Class 1 (AHP). None noted at normal dosage (not given) (PH2). |
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| SUMBUL | Ferula sumbul | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Antispasmodic (f; CRC; PHR; PNC); Aperitif (f; CRC); Emmenagogue (f; PNC); Mucostimulant (f; CRC); Narcotic (f; CRC); Nervine (f; CRC); Panacea (f; CRC); Sedative (f; CRC; PHR; PH2); Stimulant (f; CRC); Tonic (f; CRC; HHB; PNC); Tranquilizer (f; CRC); Uterotonic (f; CRC); Vermifuge (f; CRC). Indications: Amenorrhea (f; PNC); Anorexia (f; CRC); Asthma (f; CRC; PHR; PH2); Bronchosis (f; CRC; PHR; PH2); Cramp (f; CRC; PHR; PNC); Debility (f; PH2); Diarrhea (f; CRC; HHB; PH2); Dysentery (f; CRC); Dysmenorrhea (f; CRC; HHB; PH2); Heart (f; PH2); High Blood Pressure (f; PH2); Hypertony (f; CRC; HHB); Hysteria (f; CRC); Insomnia (f; CRC; PHR; PH2); Nausea (f; CRC); Nervousness (f; CRC; PHR; PH2); Neurosis (f; CRC); Pneumonia (f; CRC; PH2); Uterosis (f; CRC); Worm (f; CRC). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). None reported at proper dosage (not indicated) (PH2). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). None reported at proper dosage (not indicated) (PH2). |
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