| English Name | Botanical Name | More Info |
|---|---|---|
| BORAGE | Borago officinalis | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Adrenocorticostimulant (f; APA; CAN); Analgesic (f; PHR; PH2); Antiinflammatory (1; APA; CAN; FAD; PH2); Antipyretic (f; CRC; EFS; FAD; WO2); Antispasmodic (f; EFS); Aperient (f; CRC); Astringent (1; APA; PHR; PH2); Carcinogenic (1; APA; CAN); Cardiotonic (f; PHR; PH2); Collyrium (f; JFM); Demulcent (1; CAN; CRC; EFS); Depurative (f; CRC; EFS; PH2); Diaphoretic (f; CAN; CRC; EFS; JFM; PHR; PH2); Diuretic (1; APA; FAD; PNC); Emollient (f; CRC; EFA; HHB; PNC); Expectorant (f; CAN); Genotoxic (1; CAN); Hepatocarcinogenic (1; APA; PHR); Hepatotoxic (1; CRC; PHR); Hypotensive (1; CAN); Lactagogue (f; APA; CAN; CRC); Laxative (f; CRC; EFS; WO2); Nervine (f; CRC; EFS; WO2); Pectoral (f; CRC); Sedative (f; PHR; PH2); Tonic (f; CAN; CRC). Indications: Alactea (f; APA; CAN); Alcoholism (1; LAF); Arthrosis (1; APA; PHR; PH2); Bladder Stone (f; CRC); Bronchosis (f; APA; CRC; PHR; PH2); Cancer, breast (f; CRC); Cancer, face (f; CRC); Cardiopathy (1; APA; CRC; JFM; LAF; PHR); Catarrh (f; CRC); Cholecystosis (f; PHR); Cold (1; APA); Conjunctivosis (f; CRC; JFM); Constipation (f; CRC; EFS; WO2); Corn (f; APA; CRC; JLH); Cough (f; CAN; CRC; HHB; JFM; PH2); Cramp (f; CRC; EFS); Cut (f; CRC); Cystosis (f; PH2); Dehydration (f; PH2); Depression (f; CAN); Dermatosis (1; APA; PH2); Diabetes (1; LAF); Diarrhea (1; APA; CRC; JFM); Eczema (f; CRC; LAF); Edema (f; CRC; JFM); Fever (f; CAN; CRC; EFS; FAD; JFM; PHR; PH2; WO2); Gas (f; JFM); Hepatosis (f; JFM); High Blood Pressure (1; CAN); Inflammation (1; APA; CAN; FAD; LAF; PH2); Insomnia (f; EFS; PHR; PH2); Itch (f; CRC); Jaundice (f; CRC; FAD); Kidney Stone (f; APA; CRC); Lethargy (f; CAN); Menopause (1; PHR; PH2); Nephrosis (f; CRC; PHR; PH2); Nervousness (f; PHR; PH2); Neurodermatosis (f; APA; PHR; PH2); Pain (f; CRC; PHR; PH2); Peritonosis (f; PH2); Pharyngosis (f; PH2); Phlebitis (f; PHR; PH2); PMS (1; APA; JAD; LAF; PHR); Pulmonosis (f; PH2); Rheumatism (1; APA; FAD; PHR; PH2); Ringworm (f; CRC); Sclerosis (f; CRC; JLH); Snakebite (f; CRC); Sore Throat (f; CRC; HHB; PHR; PH2); Stress (1; CAN); Stroke (1; LAF); Swelling (f; CRC; HHB); Syndrome-X (1; SYN); Tuberculosis (f; CRC); Tumor (f; CRC); Ulcer, mouth (f; CRC); Ulcer, throat (f; CRC); Water Retention (1; APA; FAD; PNC); Wound (f; FAD). Dosage: Class 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d. Long-term use is not recommended (AHP). Not approved (KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Commission E reports borage contains hepatotoxic and carcinogenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (AEH). “Effective July 1996, the AHP Board of Trustees recommends that all products with botanical ingredient(s) which contain toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, including Borago officinalis, display the following cautionary statement on the label: For external use only. Do not apply to broken or abraded skin. Do not use when nursing.†(AHP). Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) have genotoxic, carcinogenic, and hepatotoxic activity (CAN). Because of the PAs, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. Animal studies document placental transfer and secretion into breast milk of unsaturated PAs (CAN). Swiss researchers report at least seven PAs from the herb, at levels above those permitted in Germany (>1 ppm). Seeds reportedly contain even higher quantities of alkaloids (De Smet et al., 1993). Tannins have astringent activities (PHR). Mucilage acts as a sequestering agent (PHR). The GLA in the seed oil may have been positive effects if divorced from the potential of PA toxicity. Contraindications: Class 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d. Long-term use is not recommended (AHP). Not approved (KOM). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Commission E reports borage contains hepatotoxic and carcinogenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (AEH). “Effective July 1996, the AHP Board of Trustees recommends that all products with botanical ingredient(s) which contain toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, including Borago officinalis, display the following cautionary statement on the label: For external use only. Do not apply to broken or abraded skin. Do not use when nursing.†(AHP). Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) have genotoxic, carcinogenic, and hepatotoxic activity (CAN). Because of the PAs, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided. Animal studies document placental transfer and secretion into breast milk of unsaturated PAs (CAN). Swiss researchers report at least seven PAs from the herb, at levels above those permitted in Germany (>1 ppm). Seeds reportedly contain even higher quantities of alkaloids (De Smet et al., 1993). Tannins have astringent activities (PHR). Mucilage acts as a sequestering agent (PHR). The GLA in the seed oil may have been positive effects if divorced from the potential of PA toxicity. |
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| BORRACHERO, FLORIPONDIO | Brugmansia x candida | |
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Synonyms: Datura candida (Pers.) Saff. Actions: Carminative (f; CRC); Emetic (f; CRC); Hallucinogen (f; CRC); Intoxicant (f; CRC); Narcotic (f; CRC); Poison (f; CRC); Psychotropic (f; CRC); Sedative (f; JFM); Vermifuge (f; CRC). Indications: Arthrosis (f; CRC); Asthma (f; CRC; JFM); Chest Ailment (f; CRC); Cold (f; IED); Cramp (f; IED); Erysipelas (f; CRC); Flu (f; JFM); Fracture (f; CRC); Gas (f; CRC); Headache (f; JFM); Hemorrhoid (f; CRC); Inflammation (f; IED); Insomnia (f; CRC; JFM); Nervousness (f; JFM); Pain (f; CRC); Pulmonosis (f; CRC); Rheumatism (f; CRC); Tumor (f; CRC; JFM); Worm (f; CRC; IED). Dosage: “Said to induce insensibility, hallucinations, and madness†(CRC). Contraindications: “Said to induce insensibility, hallucinations, and madness†(CRC). |
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| BOSWELLIA | Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr | |
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Synonyms: B. glabra Roxb. Actions: Analgesic (1; APA; JBU; KAP; MPI); Antiallergic (1; SAB); Antialzheimeran (1; COX; FNF); Antiarthritic (1; COX; FNF); Antiasthmatic (1; SAB); Anticancer (1; COX; FNF; MPI); Anticomplementary (1; APA); Antiedemic (1; APA); Antiinflammatory (1; APA; SKY); Antileukemic (1; AKT); Antileukotriene (1; APA; COX; SAB); Antipyretic (f; KAB; KAP); Antirheumatic (1; APA); Astringent (f; KAB; MPI); Carminative (f; KAB); CNS-Depressant (1; KAP; MPI); Collyrium (f; KAB); COX-2-Inhibitor (1; COX; FNF); Demulcent (f; KAP); Depurative (f; KAB); Diaphoretic (f; KAB; MPI); Diuretic (f; MPI); Emmenagogue (f; KAP; MPI); Expectorant (f; KAB); Hepatotonic (f; KAB); Hypoglycemic (1; MPI); 5-Lipoxygenase- Inhibitor (1; SAB); Pectoral (f; KAB); Propecic (f; KAB); Sedative (1; KAP; MPI); Stomachic (f; KAB); Tonic (f; KAB). Indications: Allergy (1; SAB); Alzheimer’s (1; COX; FNF); Arthrosis (1; APA; COX; FNF; SKY); Asthma (1; KAB; SAB); Biliousness (f; KAB); Boil (f; APA; KAP); Bronchosis (f; KAB); Bursitis (1; SKY); Cancer (1; COX; FNF; MPI); Cancer, skin (1; MPI); Carbuncle (f; KAP); Colitis (1; APA); Convulsion (f; KAB); Cough (f; KAB); Crohn’s Disease (1; APA); Dermatosis (1; KAB; MPI); Diabetes (1; KAB; MPI); Diarrhea (f; APA); Dysentery (f; KAB); Dysmenorrhea (f; KAP); Dyspepsia (f; KAB); Edema (1; APA); Fever (f; KAB; KAP;MPI); Fungus (1; APA; KAP); Gas (f; KAB); Gonorrhea (f; KAP); Hemorrhoid (f; KAB); Hepatosis (1; APA; KAP); Hyperglycemia (1; MPI); Inflammation (1; APA; SKY); Insomnia (1; KAP; MPI); Laryngosis (f; KAB); Leukemia (1; AKT); Leukoderma (f; KAB); Mycosis (1; APA; KAP); Nervousness (1; KAP; MPI); Neurosis (f; MPI); Odontosis (f; KAB); Ophthalmia (f; KAB); Orchosis (f; KAB); Pain (1; APA; JBU; KAP; MPI); Pulmonosis (f; KAB); Rheumatism (1; APA; COX; MPI; SKY); Rhinosis (1; COX; KAP); Ringworm (1; APA); Scabies (f; KAB); Sore (f; KAB); Sore Throat (f; KAB); Stomatosis (f; KAB); Swelling (f; APA; KAP); Syphilis (f; KAB); Ulcerative Colitis (1; APA); Vaginosis (f; KAB); VD (f; KAB); Water Retention (f; MPI); Wound (f; KAB); Wrinkle (f; APA). Dosage: This Johnny-come-lately hasn’t been among us occidentals long enough to accumulate much negative or positive folklore. “Rare side effects may include diarrhea, nausea, and skin rash. Any inflammatory joint condition should be closely monitored by a nutritionally oriented physician†(SKY). Extracts (Boswellia) — Boswellic acids from sap of Boswellia trees block leukotriene biosynthesis by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase. They also decrease activity of human leukocyte elastase (HLE) in vitro. In addition, 5-Boswellic-acid, as a COX-2 inhibitory, might have antialzheimeran, antiarthritic, certainly antiinflammatory, and possibly antitumor activities. Contraindications: This Johnny-come-lately hasn’t been among us occidentals long enough to accumulate much negative or positive folklore. “Rare side effects may include diarrhea, nausea, and skin rash. Any inflammatory joint condition should be closely monitored by a nutritionally oriented physician†(SKY). Extracts (Boswellia) — Boswellic acids from sap of Boswellia trees block leukotriene biosynthesis by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase. They also decrease activity of human leukocyte elastase (HLE) in vitro. In addition, 5-Boswellic-acid, as a COX-2 inhibitory, might have antialzheimeran, antiarthritic, certainly antiinflammatory, and possibly antitumor activities. |
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| BOSWELLIA | Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr | |
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Synonyms: B. glabra Roxb. Actions: Analgesic (1; APA; JBU; KAP; MPI); Antiallergic (1; SAB); Antialzheimeran (1; COX; FNF); Antiarthritic (1; COX; FNF); Antiasthmatic (1; SAB); Anticancer (1; COX; FNF; MPI); Anticomplementary (1; APA); Antiedemic (1; APA); Antiinflammatory (1; APA; SKY); Antileukemic (1; AKT); Antileukotriene (1; APA; COX; SAB); Antipyretic (f; KAB; KAP); Antirheumatic (1; APA); Astringent (f; KAB; MPI); Carminative (f; KAB); CNS-Depressant (1; KAP; MPI); Collyrium (f; KAB); COX-2-Inhibitor (1; COX; FNF); Demulcent (f; KAP); Depurative (f; KAB); Diaphoretic (f; KAB; MPI); Diuretic (f; MPI); Emmenagogue (f; KAP; MPI); Expectorant (f; KAB); Hepatotonic (f; KAB); Hypoglycemic (1; MPI); 5-Lipoxygenase- Inhibitor (1; SAB); Pectoral (f; KAB); Propecic (f; KAB); Sedative (1; KAP; MPI); Stomachic (f; KAB); Tonic (f; KAB). Indications: Allergy (1; SAB); Alzheimer’s (1; COX; FNF); Arthrosis (1; APA; COX; FNF; SKY); Asthma (1; KAB; SAB); Biliousness (f; KAB); Boil (f; APA; KAP); Bronchosis (f; KAB); Bursitis (1; SKY); Cancer (1; COX; FNF; MPI); Cancer, skin (1; MPI); Carbuncle (f; KAP); Colitis (1; APA); Convulsion (f; KAB); Cough (f; KAB); Crohn’s Disease (1; APA); Dermatosis (1; KAB; MPI); Diabetes (1; KAB; MPI); Diarrhea (f; APA); Dysentery (f; KAB); Dysmenorrhea (f; KAP); Dyspepsia (f; KAB); Edema (1; APA); Fever (f; KAB; KAP;MPI); Fungus (1; APA; KAP); Gas (f; KAB); Gonorrhea (f; KAP); Hemorrhoid (f; KAB); Hepatosis (1; APA; KAP); Hyperglycemia (1; MPI); Inflammation (1; APA; SKY); Insomnia (1; KAP; MPI); Laryngosis (f; KAB); Leukemia (1; AKT); Leukoderma (f; KAB); Mycosis (1; APA; KAP); Nervousness (1; KAP; MPI); Neurosis (f; MPI); Odontosis (f; KAB); Ophthalmia (f; KAB); Orchosis (f; KAB); Pain (1; APA; JBU; KAP; MPI); Pulmonosis (f; KAB); Rheumatism (1; APA; COX; MPI; SKY); Rhinosis (1; COX; KAP); Ringworm (1; APA); Scabies (f; KAB); Sore (f; KAB); Sore Throat (f; KAB); Stomatosis (f; KAB); Swelling (f; APA; KAP); Syphilis (f; KAB); Ulcerative Colitis (1; APA); Vaginosis (f; KAB); VD (f; KAB); Water Retention (f; MPI); Wound (f; KAB); Wrinkle (f; APA). Dosage: This Johnny-come-lately hasn’t been among us occidentals long enough to accumulate much negative or positive folklore. “Rare side effects may include diarrhea, nausea, and skin rash. Any inflammatory joint condition should be closely monitored by a nutritionally oriented physician†(SKY). Extracts (Boswellia) — Boswellic acids from sap of Boswellia trees block leukotriene biosynthesis by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase. They also decrease activity of human leukocyte elastase (HLE) in vitro. In addition, 5-Boswellic-acid, as a COX-2 inhibitory, might have antialzheimeran, antiarthritic, certainly antiinflammatory, and possibly antitumor activities. Contraindications: This Johnny-come-lately hasn’t been among us occidentals long enough to accumulate much negative or positive folklore. “Rare side effects may include diarrhea, nausea, and skin rash. Any inflammatory joint condition should be closely monitored by a nutritionally oriented physician†(SKY). Extracts (Boswellia) — Boswellic acids from sap of Boswellia trees block leukotriene biosynthesis by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase. They also decrease activity of human leukocyte elastase (HLE) in vitro. In addition, 5-Boswellic-acid, as a COX-2 inhibitory, might have antialzheimeran, antiarthritic, certainly antiinflammatory, and possibly antitumor activities. |
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| BOTTLE GOURD, CALABASH | Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) | |
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Synonyms: Cucurbita lagenaria L., C. leucantha Duchesne, C. longa hort., C. siceraria Molina, L. lagenaria (L.) Cockerell, L. leucantha Rusby, L. vulgaris Ser. Actions: Analgesic (f; DEM); Antibilious (f; WOI); Antidote (f; LMP); Antiperiodic (f; KAB); Antipyretic (f; EFS); Antitussive (1; FNF; HAD); Antiulcer (1; FNF; HAD); Bitter (1; JFM); Cardiotonic (f; KAB); Cerebrotonic (f; KAB); Cholinergic (1; FNF; HAD); Demulcent (1; FNF; HAD); Diuretic (f; EFS); Emetic (f; EFS); Hemostat (1; FNF; HAD; KAB); Hepatoprotective (1; ABS); Laxative (1; EFS; JFM); Litholytic (f; EFS); Pectoral (f; WBB); Taenicide (f; KAB); Tonic (f; KAB); Vermifuge (f; WBB); Vulnerary (f; KAB). Indications: Alzheimer’s (1; HAD); Asthma (f; KAB); Atherosclerosis (1; HAD); Biliousness (f; KAB); Bleeding (1; FNF; HAD; KAB); Body Ache (f; DEM); Boil (f; DEM); Bronchosis (f; KAB); Cancer (1; HAD; JLH); Cardiopathy (f; JFM); Colic (f; LMP); Constipation (1; JFM); Corn (f; JLH); Cough (1; FNF; HAD; LMP); Delirium (f; WOI); Dermatosis (f; JFM); Diarrhea (1; FNF; HAD); Dropsy (f; WOI); Dyskinesia (1; FNF; HAD); Dysuria (f; KAB); Fever (f; EFS; LMP); Gas (f; JFM); Gingivosis (f; LMP); Headache (f; DEM; JFM); High Cholesterol (1; HAD); Hepatosis (1; ABS); Inflammation (f; KAB); Insanity (f; DEM); Jaundice (f; SKJ); Leukorrhea (f; KAB); Malaria (f; KAB); Mange (f; JFM); Myalgia (f; KAB); Nephrosis (f; DAV); Ophthalmia (f; KAB); Otosis (f; KAB); Pain (f; DEM; KAB); Pregnancy (f; JFM); Rheumatism (f; WOI); Stone (f; EFS); Tapeworm (f; KAB); Toothache (f; LMP); Tumor (f; JLH); Typhoid (f; HAD); Typhus (f; LMP); Ulcer (1; FNF; HAD; KAB); Uterosis (f; KAB); Vaginosis (f; KAB); Water Retention (f; EFS); Worm (f; WBB). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; CAN; KOM; LAF; PHR). Processed fruits, leaves, and flowers eaten on many continents, but still reported as potentially toxic, especially green fruits. Fruit flesh fed to rabbits, leads to restlessness and dyspnea, with paralysis and death from asphyxia (WBB). Leaves contain 1300 ppm steroidal steroids (ZMB) (JFM). At levels of 250 mg/kg, various extracts, including the ethanol extract of the fruits, exhibited liver-protecting properties (Shirwaikar & Sreenivasan, Coll. Pharm. Sci., 1996). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; CAN; KOM; LAF; PHR). Processed fruits, leaves, and flowers eaten on many continents, but still reported as potentially toxic, especially green fruits. Fruit flesh fed to rabbits, leads to restlessness and dyspnea, with paralysis and death from asphyxia (WBB). Leaves contain 1300 ppm steroidal steroids (ZMB) (JFM). At levels of 250 mg/kg, various extracts, including the ethanol extract of the fruits, exhibited liver-protecting properties (Shirwaikar & Sreenivasan, Coll. Pharm. Sci., 1996). |
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| BOWMAN’S ROOT | Gillenia trifoliata | |
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Synonyms: Porteranthus trifoliatus (L.) Britton, Spiraea trifoliata L. Actions: Bitter (f; PH2); Depurative (f; PH2); Diaphoretic (f; DEM); Emetic (f; FAD); Expectorant (f; PH2); Laxative (f; DEM; FAD). Indications: Asthma (f; DEM; FAD); Chill (f; DEM); Cold (f; DEM; FAD); Constipation (f; DEM; FAD; PH2); Diarrhea (f; DEM; PH2); Dropsy (f; PH2); Dyspepsia (f; FAD; PH2); Fever (f; DEM); Flu (f; DEM); Hepatosis (f; DEM; FAD); Nephrosis (f; DEM); Rheumatism (f; DEM; FAD; PH2); Sore Throat (f; DEM); Sting (f; DEM; FAD); Swelling (f; DEM; FAD); Toothache (f; DEM); Wound (f; DEM). Dosage: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). |
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| BOXWOOD | Buxus sempervirens | |
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Synonyms: B. colchica Pojark. Actions: Alterative (f; CRC); Antibacterial (1; PH2); Antipyretic (f; CRC; EFS); Antitumor (f; CRC); Cholagogue (f; CRC; EFS); Cytotoxic (1; PH2); Depurative (f; CRC; PHR); Diaphoretic (f; BIB; CRC; EFS; PH2); Diuretic (f; EFS; CRC); Emetic (f; BIB;CRC); Hypotensive (1; PH2); Laxative (f; BIB; CRC; EFS; HHB); Narcotic (f; BIB; CRC; EFS); Propecic (1; EFS); Sedative (f; BIB; CRC; EFS); Tonic (f; EFS); Toxic (f; EFS); Vermifuge (f; CRC; EFS). Indications: Alopecia (1; BIB; EFS; PH2); Bacteria (1; PH2); Cancer (f; HHB; JLH); Constipation (f; CRC; EFS; HHB; PH2); Dermatosis (f; HHB; PH2); Epilepsy (f; BIB; CRC; HHB); Fever (f; BIB; CRC; EFS; PH2); Gout (f; CRC; HHB; PH2); Hemorrhoid (f; BIB; CRC); High Blood Pressure (1; PH2); Insomnia (f; BIB; CRC; EFS); Leprosy (f; CRC); Malaria (f; CRC; EFS; HHB; PH2); Nervousness (f; BIB; CRC; EFS); Paralysis (1; PH2); Pneumonia (f; PH2); Rash (f; PH2); Rheumatism (f; BIB; CRC; HHB; PH2); Syphilis (f; CRC); Tetanus (1; PH2); Toothache (f; BIB; CRC); Tuberculosis (1; PH2); Tumor (f; CRC); VD (f; BIB; CRC); Water Retention (f; EFS; CRC); Worm (f; CRC; EFS). Dosage: Class 3 (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Leaves have caused fatalities in grazing animals. Toxic symptoms include collapse, convulsions, cramps, dermatosis, diarrhea, nausea, paralysis, shakes, vertigo, vomiting, and possibly death due to asphyxiation (CRC; PH2). LD in dogs = 100 g alkaloids/kg. Contraindications: Class 3 (AHP). “Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2). Leaves have caused fatalities in grazing animals. Toxic symptoms include collapse, convulsions, cramps, dermatosis, diarrhea, nausea, paralysis, shakes, vertigo, vomiting, and possibly death due to asphyxiation (CRC; PH2). LD in dogs = 100 g alkaloids/kg. |
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| BRAHMI | Bacopa monnieri | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Adaptogen (1; WOI); Analgesic (f; KEB); Anticancer (1; MPI); Anticonvulsant (f; KEB); Antiinflammatory (f; KEB); Antioxidant (1; ABS; PR14:180); Antitumor (1; WOI); Anxiolytic (1; WOI); Aperient (f; WOI); Aphrodisiac (f; KAB); Cardiotonic (1; KAP; MPI; WOI); Cerebrotonic (f; KEB); Convulsant (1; MPI); Diuretic (f; MPI; WOI); Emetic (f; KAB); Expectorant (1; WOI); Hypertensive (1; MPI); Hypotensive (1; WOI); Laxative (f; KEB); Memorigenic (1; MPI; WOI; PR14:180); Negative Chronotropic (1; MPI); Nervine (f; KAB); Neurotonic (f; KAP; MPI); Sedative (1; MPI; WOI); Spasmogenic (1; MPI); Tonic (f; WOI); Tranquilizer (1; MPI; WOI); Vasoconstrictor (1; KEB; MPI). Indications: Anemia (f; KAB); Anxiety (1; WOI); Aphonia (f; KAP); Ascites (f; KAB); Asthenia (f; KAP); Asthma (f; MPI; WOI); Bronchosis (f; KAP; WOI); Cancer (1; MPI; WOI); Cardiopathy (1; KEB; WOI); Catarrh (f; KAB); Constipation (f; KEB); Convulsion (f; KEB); Cough (f; KAP); Diarrhea (f; WOI); Dyspepsia (f; KAB); Dysuria (f; KAP); Epilepsy (2; KEB; MPI); Fever (f; KAB); High Blood Pressure (1; WOI); Hoarseness (f; KAP; WOI); Hysteria (f; KAP); Impotence (f; KEB); Inflammation (f; KEB); Insanity (f; KAP; KEB; MPI; WOI); Insomnia (1; MPI; WOI); Leprosy (f; KAB); Lethargy (f; KEB; WOI); Leukoderma (f; KAB); Low Blood Pressure (1; MPI); Nervousness (1; MPI; WOI); Neurasthenia (1; KAP; KEB); Pain (f; KEB); Rheumatism (f; WOI); Scabies (f; KAB); Splenomegaly (f; KAB); Stress (1; WOI); Stroke (f; KEB); Syphilis (f; KAB); Tumor (1; KAB; WOI); Water Retention (f; MPI; WOI). Dosage: Alcoholic extract given at 50 mg/kg in rats had tranquilizing activity. With me, at 100 kg, that would be 5 g tincture, which I am sure I would feel safe with orally. Remember 1 ounce is 30 grams, some capsules are standardized for 20% Bacosides A and B. In India, pediatric experiments were with 1 tsp Brahmi extract (pineapple flavored) 3 ×/day for 3 months. Memory scores improved; error rates declined in the Brahmi-treated students. 100 μg Brahmi tincture (alcoholic extract) equivalent to 58 μg Vitamin E (Tripathi et al., 1996). Contraindications: Alcoholic extract given at 50 mg/kg in rats had tranquilizing activity. With me, at 100 kg, that would be 5 g tincture, which I am sure I would feel safe with orally. Remember 1 ounce is 30 grams, some capsules are standardized for 20% Bacosides A and B. In India, pediatric experiments were with 1 tsp Brahmi extract (pineapple flavored) 3 ×/day for 3 months. Memory scores improved; error rates declined in the Brahmi-treated students. 100 μg Brahmi tincture (alcoholic extract) equivalent to 58 μg Vitamin E (Tripathi et al., 1996). |
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| BRAZILIAN PEPPERTREE | Schinus terebinthifolius | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Antibacterial (f; CRC); Anticancer (f; HH2); Antiedemic (1; HH2); Antiseptic (1; CRC; HH2); Antiviral (1; CRC; WOI); Aphrodisiac (f; CRC); Astringent (f; CRC; HH2); Diuretic (1; HH2); Stimulant (f; CRC; WOI); Tonic (f; CRC). Indications: Adenopathy (f; CRC); Arthrosis (f; CRC); Atony (f; CRC); Bacteria (1; CRC); Bronchosis (f; CRC); Bruise (f; CRC); Cancer (f; HH2); Chill (f; CRC); Dermatosis (f; CRC); Diarrhea (f; CRC); Enterosis (f; CRC); Frigidity (f; CRC); Ganglion (f; CRC); Gout (f; CRC); Hemoptysis (f; CRC); Impotence (f; CRC); Infection (1; CRC; WOI); Pain (f; CRC); Rheumatism (f; CRC; WOI); Sciatica (f; CRC); Sore (f; CRC; HH2); Swelling (1; CRC; HH2); Syphilis (f; CRC; WOI); Tendinitis (f; CRC); Tumor (f; CRC); Ulcer (f; CRC); Virus (1; CRC; WOI); Water Retention (1; HH2); Wound (f; CRC; HH2). Dosage: Class 1, as “pink pepper.†GI irritant (AHP). Though toxic in quantity, sold as a spice (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Alkyl phenols may be irritant (PH2). May cause diarrhea, hemorrhoids, and nausea in humans (CRC). May intoxicate birds, fish, and horses (CRC). Contraindications: Class 1, as “pink pepper.†GI irritant (AHP). Though toxic in quantity, sold as a spice (AHP). “Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages†(PH2) (but PH2 designates no specific quantified dosage! JAD). Alkyl phenols may be irritant (PH2). May cause diarrhea, hemorrhoids, and nausea in humans (CRC). May intoxicate birds, fish, and horses (CRC). |
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| BRAZILNUT | Bertholletia excelsa | |
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Synonyms: Actions: Analgesic (1; FNF; WER); Antiaggregant (1; FNF; M28); Anticancer (1; HAD; FNF); Antioxidant (1; HAD; FNF); Cardioprotective (1; FNF; WER); Hepatoprotective (1; FNF); Immunostimulant (1; FNF; WER). Indications: Acne (1; FNF; WER); Aging (1; HAD; FNF); BPH (1; HAD; FNF); Cancer (1; HAD; FNF); Cancer, colon (1; HAD; FNF); Cancer, lung (1; HAD; FNF); Cancer, prostate (1; HAD; FNF); Cardiopathy (1; FNF; WER); Cirrhosis (1; FNF); Dandruff (1; FNF); Immunodepression (1; FNF; WER); Myalgia (1; FNF; WER); Hepatosis (1; FNF); Pain (1; FNF; WER); Syndrome-X (1; FNF; SYN); Thick Blood (1; FNF; WER). Dosage: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PHR). As with peanut and soybean, some people are dangerously allergic to Brazilnut. Consumer Reports (November 1997) is quite conservative in pointing out the hazards of selenium, they say 1000 μg or more per day can cause loss of fingernails and hair; very high doses can cause diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, and even nerve damage. But it certainly can’t hurt to try getting plenty of selenium from the diet. Two of the best dietary sources of selenium are low-fat nutritious foods—fish and grains (Anon., 1997. Do you need more minerals? Consumer Reports on Health, 121, 123–124, (November, 1997). Contraindications: Not covered (AHP; KOM; PHR). As with peanut and soybean, some people are dangerously allergic to Brazilnut. Consumer Reports (November 1997) is quite conservative in pointing out the hazards of selenium, they say 1000 μg or more per day can cause loss of fingernails and hair; very high doses can cause diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, and even nerve damage. But it certainly can’t hurt to try getting plenty of selenium from the diet. Two of the best dietary sources of selenium are low-fat nutritious foods—fish and grains (Anon., 1997. Do you need more minerals? Consumer Reports on Health, 121, 123–124, (November, 1997). |
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